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1. 发明授权

US07495218B2 Passive millimeter wave spectrometer for remote detection of chemical plumes 有权
标题翻译：被动毫米波光谱仪用于远程检测化学羽流
公开(公告)号：US07495218B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-24
申请号：US11407711
申请日：2006-04-20
申请人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Thomas W. Elmer
发明人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Thomas W. Elmer
IPC分类号： G01J5/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/42 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/3581 , G01N2021/1793
摘要： Systems and methods for the passive measurement of spectral lines from the absorption or emission by polar molecules. The system includes mmW front-end assembly, back-end electronics, and data acquisition hardware and software was assembled. The method relates to methods for processing multi-channel radiometric data from passive mmW detection systems.
摘要翻译：通过极性分子的吸收或发射来对频谱线进行被动测量的系统和方法。该系统包括mmW前端组件，后端电子设备和数据采集硬件和软件组装。该方法涉及用于从被动mmW检测系统处理多通道辐射测量数据的方法。

2. 发明授权

US6005397A Microwave thickness measurement and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：微波厚度测量及仪器
公开(公告)号：US6005397A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-21
申请号：US291354
申请日：1994-08-16
申请人： Reza Zoughi , Sasan Bakhtiari
发明人： Reza Zoughi , Sasan Bakhtiari
IPC分类号： G01B15/02 , G01N22/00 , G01N22/02 , G01R27/04
CPC分类号： G01B15/02 , G01N22/00 , G01N22/02
摘要： The thickness of the layers of rubber covering the steel belts within a tire can be measured by transmitting a microwave signal toward the outer surface of the tire and measuring the phase shift of the signal reflected by the tire. In the preferred embodiment, a waveguide is used to direct the microwave signal toward the tire. A standing wave is created within the waveguide by interference between the transmitted microwave signal and the microwave signal reflected from the tire. A series of crystal detectors mounted along the length of the waveguide measure the standing wave. A processor calculates the phase of the reflection coefficient, and determines the thickness of the rubber layer as a predetermined function of the phase. By proper selection of the microwave frequency and the spacing between the waveguide and the tire, the rubber layer thickness can be uniquely determined as a function of phase for any range of rubber thicknesses likely to be encountered in a tire. In addition, a phase reversal (from 180.degree. to -180.degree.) can be arranged to occur at a specific rubber thickness by proper selection of these parameters. This can be used in the tire retreading process to halt buffing when a predetermined minimum rubber thickness has been reached.
摘要翻译：覆盖轮胎内的钢带的橡胶层的厚度可以通过向轮胎的外表面传递微波信号并测量由轮胎反射的信号的相移来测量。在优选实施例中，使用波导将微波信号引向轮胎。通过所传输的微波信号和从轮胎反射的微波信号之间的干扰，在波导内产生驻波。沿着波导长度安装的一系列晶体探测器测量驻波。处理器计算反射系数的相位，并将橡胶层的厚度确定为相位的预定函数。通过适当选择微波频率和波导与轮胎之间的间距，橡胶层的厚度可以作为相位的函数唯一确定，可以在轮胎中可能遇到的任何橡胶厚度范围。此外，通过适当选择这些参数，可以将反相（从180°至-180°）排列成特定的橡胶厚度。当达到预定的最小橡胶厚度时，这可以用于轮胎翻新过程中以停止抛光。

3. 发明申请

US20100290063A1 MILLIMETER WAVE SENSOR FOR FAR-FIELD STANDOFF VIBROMETRY 有权
标题翻译：用于野外立体声振动的MILLIMETER波形传感器
公开(公告)号：US20100290063A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-18
申请号：US12770438
申请日：2010-04-29
申请人： Sasan BAKHTIARI , Nachappa Gopalsami , Thomas W. Elmer , Apostolos C. Raptis
发明人： Sasan BAKHTIARI , Nachappa Gopalsami , Thomas W. Elmer , Apostolos C. Raptis
IPC分类号： G01B11/14
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , A61B5/02433 , A61B5/0507 , A61B5/1102 , A61B5/1114 , A61B5/1126 , A61B5/113 , G01S7/415 , G01S13/583
摘要： A millimeter wavelength (MMW) measurement system for remote detection of object characteristics and methods for detecting such characteristics. The MMW measurement system comprises a front-end and an optional signal conditioning component. The MMW front-end includes an oscillator, a transceiver portion, and an antenna for focusing a detection component comprising micrometer level wavelength electromagnetic radiation onto the object. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation reflected by the object is received by the MMW measurement system, which is indicative of a displacement of the object. The MMW system may be configured to detect micrometer level displacement of the object disposed tens of meters from the MMW measurement system. In various embodiments the object may be a natural object, including a human, and the displacement may be indicative of a heart rate and/or a respiratory function.
摘要翻译：用于远程检测物体特性的毫米波长（MMW）测量系统和用于检测这些特性的方法。 MMW测量系统包括前端和可选的信号调理部件。 MMW前端包括振荡器，收发器部分和用于将包括微米级波长电磁辐射的检测部件聚焦到对象上的天线。由物体反射的电磁辐射的一部分由MMW测量系统接收，这表示物体的位移。 MMW系统可以被配置为检测距离MMW测量系统几十米的物体的千分尺位移。在各种实施例中，物体可以是天然物体，包括人，并且位移可以指示心率和/或呼吸功能。

4. 发明申请

US20070246652A1 Passive millimeter wave spectrometer for remote detection of chemical plumes 有权
标题翻译：被动毫米波光谱仪用于远程检测化学羽流
公开(公告)号：US20070246652A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-25
申请号：US11407711
申请日：2006-04-20
申请人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos Raptis , Thomas Elmer
发明人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos Raptis , Thomas Elmer
IPC分类号： G01T1/00 , G01J1/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/42 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/3581 , G01N2021/1793
摘要： Systems and methods for the passive measurement of spectral lines from the absorption or emission by polar molecules. The system includes mmW front-end assembly, back-end electronics, and data acquisition hardware and software was assembled. The method relates to methods for processing multi-channel radiometric data from passive mmW detection systems.
摘要翻译：通过极性分子的吸收或发射来对频谱线进行被动测量的系统和方法。该系统包括mmW前端组件，后端电子设备和数据采集硬件和软件组装。该方法涉及用于从被动mmW检测系统处理多通道辐射测量数据的方法。

5. 发明授权

US5216372A Microwave steel belt location sensor for tires 失效
标题翻译：用于轮胎的微波钢带定位传感器
公开(公告)号：US5216372A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-01
申请号：US960238
申请日：1992-10-13
申请人： Reza Zoughi , Sasan Bakhtiari
发明人： Reza Zoughi , Sasan Bakhtiari
IPC分类号： G01B15/02 , G01N22/00 , G01N22/02
CPC分类号： G01B15/02 , G01N22/00 , G01N22/02
摘要： The thickness of the layers of rubber covering the steel belts within a tire can be measured by transmitting a microwave signal toward the outer surface of the tire and measuring the phase shift of the signal reflected by the tire. In the preferred embodiment, a waveguide is used to direct the microwave signal toward the tire. A standing wave is created within the waveguide by interference between the transmitted microwave signal and the microwave signal reflected from the tire. A series of crystal detectors mounted along the length of the waveguide measure the standing wave. A processor calculates the phase of the reflection coefficient, and determines the thickness of the rubber layer as a predetermined function of the phase. By proper selection of the microwave frequency and the spacing between the waveguide and the tire, the rubber layer thickness can be uniquely determined as a function of phase for any range of rubber thicknesses likely to be encountered in a tire. In addition, a phase reversal (from 180.degree. to - 180.degree. ) can be arranged to occur at a specific rubber thickness by proper selection of these parameters. This can be used in the tire retreading process to halt buffing when a predetermined minimum rubber thickness has been reached.
摘要翻译：覆盖轮胎内的钢带的橡胶层的厚度可以通过向轮胎的外表面传递微波信号并测量由轮胎反射的信号的相移来测量。在优选实施例中，使用波导将微波信号引向轮胎。通过所传输的微波信号和从轮胎反射的微波信号之间的干扰，在波导内产生驻波。沿着波导长度安装的一系列晶体探测器测量驻波。处理器计算反射系数的相位，并将橡胶层的厚度确定为相位的预定函数。通过适当选择微波频率和波导与轮胎之间的间距，橡胶层的厚度可以作为相位的函数唯一确定，可以在轮胎中可能遇到的任何橡胶厚度范围。此外，可以通过适当选择这些参数，将相位反转（从180°至-180°）设置为以特定橡胶厚度发生。当达到预定的最小橡胶厚度时，这可以用于轮胎翻新过程中以停止抛光。

6. 发明授权

US08686362B2 Millimeter wave sensor for far-field standoff vibrometry 有权
标题翻译：毫米波传感器用于远场支架振动测量
公开(公告)号：US08686362B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-01
申请号：US12770438
申请日：2010-04-29
申请人： Sasan Bakhtiari , Nachappa Gopalsami , Thomas W. Elmer , Apostolos C. Raptis
发明人： Sasan Bakhtiari , Nachappa Gopalsami , Thomas W. Elmer , Apostolos C. Raptis
IPC分类号： G01J5/00
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , A61B5/02433 , A61B5/0507 , A61B5/1102 , A61B5/1114 , A61B5/1126 , A61B5/113 , G01S7/415 , G01S13/583
摘要： A millimeter wavelength (MMW) measurement system for remote detection of object characteristics and methods for detecting such characteristics. The MMW measurement system comprises a front-end and an optional signal conditioning component. The MMW front-end includes an oscillator, a transceiver portion, and an antenna for focusing a detection component comprising micrometer level wavelength electromagnetic radiation onto the object. A portion of the electromagnetic radiation reflected by the object is received by the MMW measurement system, which is indicative of a displacement of the object. The MMW system may be configured to detect micrometer level displacement of the object disposed tens of meters from the MMW measurement system. In various embodiments the object may be a natural object, including a human, and the displacement may be indicative of a heart rate and/or a respiratory function.
摘要翻译：用于远程检测物体特性的毫米波长（MMW）测量系统和用于检测这些特性的方法。 MMW测量系统包括前端和可选的信号调理部件。 MMW前端包括振荡器，收发器部分和用于将包括微米级波长电磁辐射的检测部件聚焦到对象上的天线。由物体反射的电磁辐射的一部分由MMW测量系统接收，这表示物体的位移。 MMW系统可以被配置为检测距离MMW测量系统几十米的物体的千分尺位移。在各种实施例中，物体可以是天然物体，包括人，并且位移可以指示心率和/或呼吸功能。

7. 发明授权

US07888645B2 Passive millimeter wave spectrometer for remote detection of chemical plumes 有权
标题翻译：被动毫米波光谱仪用于远程检测化学羽流
公开(公告)号：US07888645B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-15
申请号：US12371871
申请日：2009-02-16
申请人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Thomas W. Elmer
发明人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Thomas W. Elmer
IPC分类号： G01J5/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/42 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/3581 , G01N2021/1793
摘要： Systems and methods for the passive measurement of spectral lines from the absorption or emission by polar molecules. The system includes mmW front-end assembly, back-end electronics, and data acquisition hardware and software was assembled. The method relates to methods for processing multi-channel radiometric data from passive mmW detection systems.
摘要翻译：通过极性分子的吸收或发射来对频谱线进行被动测量的系统和方法。该系统包括mmW前端组件，后端电子设备和数据采集硬件和软件组装。该方法涉及用于从被动mmW检测系统处理多通道辐射测量数据的方法。

8. 发明申请

US20090216500A1 Passive Millimeter Wave Spectrometer for Remote Detection of Chemical Plumes 有权
标题翻译：被动毫米波谱仪用于远程检测化学羽流
公开(公告)号：US20090216500A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12371871
申请日：2009-02-16
申请人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Thomas W. Elmer
发明人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Thomas W. Elmer
IPC分类号： G06F15/00 , G01J5/02
CPC分类号： G01J3/42 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/3581 , G01N2021/1793
摘要： Systems and methods for the passive measurement of spectral lines from the absorption or emission by polar molecules. The system includes mmW front-end assembly, back-end electronics, and data acquisition hardware and software was assembled. The method relates to methods for processing multi-channel radiometric data from passive mmW detection systems.
摘要翻译：通过极性分子的吸收或发射来对频谱线进行被动测量的系统和方法。该系统包括mmW前端组件，后端电子设备和数据采集硬件和软件组装。该方法涉及用于从被动mmW检测系统处理多通道辐射测量数据的方法。

9. 发明授权

US5886534A Millimeter wave sensor for on-line inspection of thin sheet dielectrics 失效
标题翻译：毫米波传感器用于薄片电介质的在线检测
公开(公告)号：US5886534A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-23
申请号：US927363
申请日：1997-09-09
申请人： Sasan Bakhtiari , Nachappa Gopalsami , Apostolos C. Raptis
发明人： Sasan Bakhtiari , Nachappa Gopalsami , Apostolos C. Raptis
IPC分类号： G01N22/02 , G01R29/08 , G01R27/04
CPC分类号： G01R29/0878 , G01N22/02
摘要： A millimeter wave sensor is provided for non-destructive inspection of thin sheet dielectric materials. The millimeter wave sensor includes a Gunn diode oscillator (GDO) source generating a mill meter wave electromagnetic energy signal having a single frequency. A heater is coupled to the GDO source for stabilizing the single frequency. A small size antenna is coupled to the GDO source for transmitting the millimeter wave electromagnetic energy signal to a sample material and for receiving a reflected millimeter wave electromagnetic energy signal from the sample material. Ferrite circulator isolators coupled between the GDO source and the antenna separate the millimeter wave electromagnetic energy signal into transmitted and received electromagnetic energy signal components and a detector detects change in both amplitude and phase of the transmitted and received electromagnetic energy signal components.
摘要翻译：提供毫米波传感器用于对薄片介电材料进行非破坏性检查。毫米波传感器包括产生具有单个频率的毫米波电磁能信号的耿氏二极管振荡器（GDO）源。加热器耦合到GDO源以稳定单个频率。将小尺寸天线耦合到GDO源，用于将毫米波电磁能信号传输到样品材料并用于从样品材料接收反射的毫米波电磁能信号。耦合在GDO源和天线之间的铁氧体循环器隔离器将毫米波电磁能信号分离成发射和接收的电磁能量信号分量，检测器检测发射和接收的电磁能量信号分量的幅度和相位的变化。

10. 发明授权

US5468964A Millimeter wave sensor for monitoring effluents 失效
标题翻译：用于监测污水的毫米波传感器
公开(公告)号：US5468964A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-21
申请号：US262998
申请日：1994-06-20
申请人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Stephen L. Dieckman
发明人： Nachappa Gopalsami , Sasan Bakhtiari , Apostolos C. Raptis , Stephen L. Dieckman
IPC分类号： G01N22/00
CPC分类号： G01N22/00
摘要： A millimeter-wave sensor for detecting and measuring effluents from processing plants either remotely or on-site includes a high frequency signal source for transmitting frequency-modulated continuous waves in the millimeter or submillimeter range with a wide sweep capability and a computer-controlled detector for detecting a plurality of species of effluents on a real time basis. A high resolution spectrum of an effluent, or effluents, is generated by a deconvolution of the measured spectra resulting in a narrowing of the line widths by 2 or 3 orders of magnitude as compared with the pressure broadened spectra detected at atmospheric pressure for improved spectral specificity and measurement sensitivity. The sensor is particularly adapted for remote monitoring such as where access is limited or sensor cost restricts multiple sensors as well as for large area monitoring under nearly all weather conditions.
摘要翻译：用于从远程或现场检测和测量来自处理设备的流出物的毫米波传感器包括用于以宽扫描能力在毫米或亚毫米范围内发射调频连续波的高频信号源，以及计算机控制的检测器实时检测多种流出物。通过测量光谱的去卷积产生流出物或流出物的高分辨率光谱，导致与在大气压下检测到的压力扩展光谱相比，线宽缩小2或3个数量级，以改善光谱特异性和测量灵敏度。传感器特别适用于远程监控，例如访问受限或传感器成本限制了多个传感器以及几乎所有天气条件下的大面积监控。

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