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    • 1. 发明专利
    • Improvements in or relating to turning and stopping signals for road vehicles
    • GB155116A
    • 1920-12-16
    • GB3219619
    • 1919-12-23
    • THOMAS ALBERT RICHARD WESTSYDNEY HERBERT RUSSELL COOPER
    • B60Q1/34
    • 155,116. West, T. A. R., and Cooper, S. H. R. Dec. 23, 1919. Road-traffic signals on vehicles; visible signals. -A device for indicating the turning and stopping of vehicles comprises a laterally extending arm on each side of the vehicle, adapted to be rotated on its axis, and carrying at its outer end a signal element which is displayed by rotating it from edge view to face view. Fig. 1 shows the device applied to a motor-car. A hollow rod 1 is secured by clips 2 to the holding-down bolts of the wind-screen. The visual signals are carried by two rods 5 so supported in the hollow tube 1 that by means of handles 6 they can be slid out to expose the signals, and also rotated to actuate the signals. A signal consists of a lamp casing of flat cylindrical form having coloured glasses 10 in its flat faces, and surrounded by a coloured disk 11 to serve as a daylight signal. Contact is made to illuminate the lamp 13 when the handle 6 is turned through 90 degrees to bring the signal into its operative position. In the preferred form, the right-hand signal may show a red light forwardly and the left-hand signal a green light forwardly, while both the rearwardly-shown lights may be red.
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Five volt tolerant integrated circuit signal pad with three volt assist
    • 五伏容积式集成电路信号垫,三伏辅助
    • US07375555B1
    • 2008-05-20
    • US11748771
    • 2007-05-15
    • Guoli WangJoseph A. ThomsenRussell Cooper
    • Guoli WangJoseph A. ThomsenRussell Cooper
    • H03K19/0175H03K19/00
    • H03K19/018571H03K19/003H03K19/00315
    • A five volt tolerant integrated circuit signal pad having an initial fast pull-up to three volts and then operating as an open drain output with an external resistor for pulling up the output from about three volts to about five volts. The initial fast (active) pull-up is accomplished with active devices that reduces the overall pull-up time of a newer technology (lower operating voltage) integrated circuit output when transitioning from a logic 0 to a logic 1. Circuits of the integrated circuit output driver protect the internal operating circuit nodes from excessive voltage and leakage currents that would otherwise result from a voltage on the signal pad that is more positive than the operating voltage of the integrated circuit.
    • 一个五伏容积的集成电路信号焊盘,其初始快速上拉至三伏,然后用外部电阻器作为开漏输出工作,将输出从约三伏提升到约五伏。 初始快速(有源)上拉是通过有源器件实现的,当从逻辑0转换到逻辑1时,有源器件可以降低更新技术(较低工作电压)集成电路输出的总上拉时间。集成电路电路 输出驱动器保护内部操作电路节点不受过度的电压和漏电流的影响,否则会由于信号焊盘上的电压而导致的,该电压和漏电流比集成电路的工作电压更正。