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    • 4. 发明申请
    • SPUTTERING SYSTEM, ROTATABLE CYLINDRICAL TARGET ASSEMBLY, BACKING TUBE, TARGET ELEMENT AND COOLING SHIELD
    • 喷射系统,可旋转圆柱形目标组件,背管,目标元件和冷却屏蔽
    • US20110005923A1
    • 2011-01-13
    • US12505379
    • 2009-07-17
    • Frank SCHNAPPENBERGERRoland WEBERJoerg KREMPEL-HESSEAnke HELLMICH
    • Frank SCHNAPPENBERGERRoland WEBERJoerg KREMPEL-HESSEAnke HELLMICH
    • C23C14/34
    • H01J37/342H01J37/3405H01J37/3435H01J37/3497
    • The application concerns a target backing tube for a rotatable cylindrical target assembly comprising: a tube for at least one target element to be disposed there around, wherein the tube has an exterior surface adapted to face the at least one target element, wherein a portion of the exterior surface of the tube has a mean emissivity of 0.7 to 1, wherein the portion is at least 50% of the exterior surface of the tube. Further, the application concerns a cooling shield for a sputtering system comprising a rotatable target, the cooling shield has an interior surface adapted to face a target element of a sputtering system and an exterior surface; wherein a portion of the interior surface of the cooling shield has a mean emissivity of 0.7 to 1, wherein the portion is at least 50% of the interior surface of the cooling shield. Additionally, the application concerns a target element for a rotatable cylindrical target assembly of a sputtering system, wherein the target element an interior surface adapted to face a target backing tube onto which the target cylinder is adapted to be disposed and exterior surface, wherein a portion of the interior surface of the target element has a mean emissivity of 0.7 to 1, wherein the portion is at least 50% of the interior surface of the target element.
    • 该应用涉及用于可旋转的圆柱形目标组件的目标背衬管,其包括:用于至少一个目标元件的管,其被布置在其周围,其中管具有适于面向至少一个目标元件的外表面,其中一部分 管的外表面具有0.7至1的平均发射率,其中该部分至少为管外表面的50%。 此外,该应用涉及包括可旋转靶的溅射系统的冷却屏蔽,冷却屏具有适于面对溅射系统的目标元件和外表面的内表面; 其中所述冷却罩的内表面的一部分的平均发射率为0.7比1,其中所述部分是所述冷却屏蔽的内表面的至少50%。 另外,该应用涉及一种用于溅射系统的可旋转圆柱形目标组件的目标元件,其中目标元件适于面向目标背衬管的内表面,目标圆柱体适于布置在其上并且外表面,其中一部分 目标元件的内表面的平均发射率为0.7比1,其中该部分是目标元件的内表面的至少50%。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Method, apparatus and computer program product for processing cashless payments
    • 用于处理无现金支付的方法,设备和计算机程序产品
    • US06829597B1
    • 2004-12-07
    • US09638745
    • 2000-08-14
    • Thomas SchaeckRoland WeberHorst Henn
    • Thomas SchaeckRoland WeberHorst Henn
    • G06F1760
    • G07F7/1008G06Q20/04G06Q20/10G06Q20/12G06Q20/341G06Q20/367G06Q20/3674G06Q20/382G06Q20/3821G06Q20/3825G06Q20/40G06Q20/401G06Q20/40975G06Q30/0613G07F7/082
    • A computer program product and programmed method for performing cashless payments between a customer and a dealer via a bank. The invention is embodied in an on-line computerized process between customer and dealer to define the payment method, check the availability frame, issue a voucher to describe the transaction, issue a payment instruction, signature of the issued voucher by the dealer and signature of the payment instruction by the dealer and the customer. In another embodiment, the information is gathered and the voucher and payment instructions are generated off-line. A subsequent on-line process between the dealer and bank transfer the signed payment instruction and signed voucher to the bank where computer coded checks the dealer and customer signature, checks the allocation between payment instruction and voucher, replaces the dealer and customer identity data with information for performance of the payment instruction, and performs the payment instruction and stores the voucher. An advantage of the process is that no sensitive customer data such as account number, credit card number etc. is stored on the customer card and hence misuse by unauthorized persons is minimized. In addition the process serves to define the payment methods required by the customer for mechanical processing and to minimize the risk to the customer upon loss of the customer card. The process also allows customers who do not have a bank account, such as children for example, to have access to an electronic payment means with limited availability frame. The customer card can be either a card with contacts or a contactless card.
    • 一种用于通过银行在客户和经销商之间执行无现金支付的计算机程序产品和编程方法。 本发明体现在客户和经销商之间的在线计算机化过程,以定义支付方式,检查可用性框架,发行凭证来描述交易,发行支付指令,经销商签发已签发的凭单和签名 经销商和客户的付款指示。 在另一个实施例中,收集信息并且离线生成凭单和支付指令。 经销商和银行之间的随后的在线流程将签署的付款指示和签署的凭单转交给计算机编码检查经销商和客户签名的银行,检查付款指示和凭单之间的分配,将经销商和客户身份数据替换为信息 用于执行支付指令,并执行支付指令并存储凭单。 该过程的优点在于,客户卡上不存储帐号,信用卡号等敏感客户数据,从而将未经授权的人误用最小化。 此外,该过程用于定义客户机械处理所需的支付方式,并在客户卡丢失时最小化客户的风险。 该过程还允许没有银行帐户的客户(例如,儿童)能够访问电子支付手段,可用性有限。 客户卡可以是具有联系人的卡片或非接触式卡片。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Treating condensate from gasification of coal
    • 处理煤气化的冷凝水
    • US4187080A
    • 1980-02-05
    • US840433
    • 1977-10-07
    • Carl HafkeRoland WeberRudolf Kohlen
    • Carl HafkeRoland WeberRudolf Kohlen
    • C10J3/84C10J3/16
    • C10J3/84C10J3/20C10J3/78C10J2300/093C10J2300/0946C10J2300/0959C10J2300/0976C10J2300/1807C10J2300/1884C10J2300/1892
    • In the production of gas from a solid fuel comprising effecting gasification by contacting the solid fuel with oxygen and water under pressure to form raw gas containing tar, solids and water, cooling the raw gas to effect condensation of the tar and water, the condensate containing the solids, separating from the solids-containing condensate a fraction enriched in solids, and disposing of said fraction, the improvement which comprises effecting said disposition by feeding at least part of said fraction to a solids disintegrator wherein the solids are reduced in size, and recycling at least part of the condensate containing disintegrated solids to the gasification step. Disintegration serves to reduce substantially all the particles to below about 2 mm with the predominant part below about 0.5 mm. Part of the condensate may also be recycled to the separation stage and all the recycled condensate is kept above 50.degree. C. to prevent solidification of tars. The process permits continuous operation of a gasification plant without clogging of pipes and pumps such as otherwise necessitate equipment shutdown for cleaning.
    • 在固体燃料生产气体中,包括通过使固体燃料与氧气和水在压力下接触以形成含有焦油,固体和水的原料气体来进行气化,冷却原料气体以使焦油和水冷凝,含有 固体,从含固体的冷凝物中分离出富含固体的馏分,以及处理所述馏分,其改进包括通过将至少部分所述馏分进料至固体粉碎机来实现所述处置,其中固体颗粒尺寸减小;以及 将至少部分含有分解固体的冷凝物回收至气化步骤。 崩解用于将基本上所有的颗粒减少到低于约2mm,主要部分低于约0.5mm。 一部分冷凝物也可以再循环到分离阶段,所有的再循环冷凝物保持在50℃以上以防止焦油凝固。 该过程允许气化设备的连续操作而不堵塞管道和泵,否则需要设备关闭以进行清洁。