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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Seismogram correction for absorption effects
    • 地震记录校正吸收效果
    • US07574303B2
    • 2009-08-11
    • US11760629
    • 2007-06-08
    • Ralf Ferber
    • Ralf Ferber
    • G01V1/28G06F19/00
    • G01V1/364G01V2210/58
    • Correcting seismograms to compensate for absorption or dissipative effects that occur in the earth. In one implementation, a ratio of traveltime (t) to absorption parameter (Q) may be computed for each seismogram. The ratio may be referred to as R. Further, the ratio may be computed for a predetermined set of traveltimes. As a result, a system of linear equations may be generated, where each ratio is represented by a linear equation having a number of unknown components. The system of linear equations may then be solved for the unknown components. The solved components may then be recombined or added to generate an estimate of R. In one implementation, only a portion of the solved components may be added. The seismograms may then be corrected using the estimate of R. As such, the seismograms may be corrected for absorption effects in a surface consistent manner.
    • 校正地震图以补偿地球中发生的吸收或耗散效应。 在一个实施方案中,可以针对每个地震图计算旅行时间(t)与吸收参数(Q)的比率。 该比率可以被称为R.此外,可以针对预定的行程组计算该比率。 结果,可以产生线性方程组,其中每个比率由具有多个未知分量的线性方程表示。 然后可以为未知组件求解线性方程组。 然后可以将所解决的组件重新组合或添加以产生R的估计。在一个实现中,可以仅添加一部分被求解的组件。 然后可以使用R的估计来校正地震图。因此,可以以表面一致的方式校正地震图的吸收效应。
    • 4. 发明申请
    • Method for Estimating Absorption Parameter Q(T)
    • 估计吸收参数Q(T)的方法
    • US20090080287A1
    • 2009-03-26
    • US11573964
    • 2004-08-27
    • Ralf Ferber
    • Ralf Ferber
    • G01V1/30G01V1/36
    • G01V1/36G01V2210/584
    • A method and apparatus for a method for generating an estimated value of absorption parameter Q(t). In one embodiment, the method includes receiving an input seismic trace, applying a time variant Fourier transform to the input seismic trace to generate a time variant amplitude spectrum of the input seismic trace, dividing the natural logarithm of the time variant amplitude spectrum by −πf, and performing a power series approximation to the result with an index starting from one to generate an estimated value of R(t). R(t) is a ratio between traveltime t and the absorption parameter Q(t). The method further includes dividing t by R(t) to generate the estimated value of the absorption parameter Q(t).
    • 一种用于产生吸收参数Q(t)的估计值的方法的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中,该方法包括接收输入的地震轨迹,对输入的地震轨迹应用时变傅立叶变换以产生输入的地震轨迹的时变幅度谱,将时变幅度谱的自然对数除以-pif 并且以从1开始的索引对结果执行幂级数逼近以产生估计值R(t)。 R(t)是行进时间t和吸收参数Q(t)之间的比值。 该方法还包括将t除以R(t)以产生吸收参数Q(t)的估计值。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Method of attenuating noise in three dimensional seismic data using a projection filter
    • 使用投影滤波器对三维地震数据中的噪声进行衰减的方法
    • US06668228B1
    • 2003-12-23
    • US09889239
    • 2001-10-09
    • Ali ÖzbekAhmet Kemal ÖzdemirRalf FerberKamil Zerouk
    • Ali ÖzbekAhmet Kemal ÖzdemirRalf FerberKamil Zerouk
    • G01V128
    • G01V1/364G01V2210/32G01V2210/3246
    • A method of attenuating noise in three dimensional seismic data using a projection algorithm is disclosed. A frequency—space—space (“f-xy”) projection algorithm is used which is a generalization of the f-x projection algorithm. The predictability of the seismic signals in the f-xy domain constitutes the basis of the algorithm. Specifically it is demonstrated that if the seismic events are planar in the t-xy domain, then in the f-xy domain they consist of predictable signals in the xy-plane for each frequency f. A crucial step of the 2-D spectral factorization is achieved through the helical coordinate transformation. In addition to the disclosed general algorithm for arbitrary coherent noise, a specialized algorithm for random noise is disclosed. It has been found that the disclosed projection algorithm is effective even in extreme cases of poor signal to noise ratio. The algorithm is also signal preserving when the predictability assumptions hold.
    • 公开了使用投影算法来衰减三维地震数据中的噪声的方法。 使用频率空间(“f-xy”)投影算法,这是f-x投影算法的概括。 f-xy域中地震信号的可预测性构成了该算法的基础。 具体地说,如果地震事件在t-xy域是平面的,那么在f-xy域中,它们由每个频率f的xy平面中的可预测信号组成。 通过螺旋坐标变换实现2-D频谱分解的关键步骤。 除了公开的用于任意相干噪声的通用算法之外,还公开了一种用于随机噪声的专用算法。 已经发现所公开的投影算法即使在极差的信噪比的情况下也是有效的。 当可预测性假设成立时,该算法也是信号保留。