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1. 发明授权

US4525446A Liquid developer for development of electrostatic images comprising onium salt polymer and an anion 失效
标题翻译：用于开发包含鎓盐聚合物和阴离子的静电图像的液体显影剂
公开(公告)号：US4525446A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-25
申请号：US563561
申请日：1983-12-20
申请人： Herman J. Uytterhoeven , Yvan K. Gilliams , Walter F. De Winter , August M. Marien , Noel J. De Volder
发明人： Herman J. Uytterhoeven , Yvan K. Gilliams , Walter F. De Winter , August M. Marien , Noel J. De Volder
IPC分类号： G03G9/10 , G03G9/08 , G03G9/12 , G03G9/13 , G03G9/135
CPC分类号： G03G9/122 , G03G9/131 , G03G9/1355
摘要： A liquid developer composition for rendering visible electrostatically charged areas. The composition contains in an electrically insulating non-polar carrier liquid having a volume resistivity of at least 10.sup.9 ohm.cm and a dielectric constant less than 3, dispersed coloring matter acting as toner particles and at least one onium salt polymer including recurring units incorporating an onium group together with an anion. The anion has at least one of the following characteristics:(1) contains a negatively charged atom or group of atoms which is sterically embraced by at least two non-ionic substituents containing at least 4 C atoms;(2) contains a negatively charged atom which is sterically embraced by at least 4 atoms selected from the group consisting of oxygen and halogen;(3) contains a negatively charged atom or group of atoms the negative charge of which is delocalized over other atoms linked to said atom or group of atoms;(4) is a radical anion,whereby the onium salt polymer is adsorbed with a net positive charge on the toner particles. An illustrative onium salt polymer species is a copolymer of isobutyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate that has been quaternized with methyl iodide and of which the iodide anions have been replaced by tetraphenyl boride anions.
摘要翻译：一种用于形成可见的静电电荷区域的液体显影剂组合物。该组合物含有体积电阻率为至少109欧姆·厘米且介电常数小于3的电绝缘非极性载体液体，作为调色剂颗粒的分散着色剂和至少一种鎓盐聚合物，其包括含有鎓基和阴离子。阴离子具有以下特征中的至少一个：（1）含有带负电荷的原子或原子团，其被包含至少4个C原子的至少两个非离子取代基空间包围; （2）含有空位包含至少4个选自氧和卤素的原子的带负电荷的原子; （3）包含负电荷的原子或原子组，其负电荷与连接到所述原子或原子团的其它原子离域; （4）是自由基阴离子，其中鎓盐聚合物被吸附在调色剂颗粒上的净正电荷。一种说明性的鎓盐聚合物物质是甲基丙烯酸异丁酯，甲基丙烯酸硬脂酯和甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯的共聚物，其已用甲基碘季铵化，其中碘化物阴离子被四苯基硼化物阴离子代替。

2. 发明授权

US4161453A Electrophoretic developers 失效
标题翻译：电泳显影剂
公开(公告)号：US4161453A
公开(公告)日：1979-07-17
申请号：US817264
申请日：1977-07-20
申请人： Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder
发明人： Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder
IPC分类号： G03G9/12 , G03G9/13
CPC分类号： G03G9/131
摘要： A liquid developer composition suitable for use in developing electrostatic charge patterns, which composition contains in an electrically insulating non-polar carrier liquid a dispersed particulate coloring substance, at least one charge control substances, a copolymer (I) precoating the coloring substance particles in a weight ratio of copolymer (I) to coloring substance between 1:1 and 9:1 and a copolymer (II) in the carrier liquid in a weight ratio of copolymer (II) to coloring substance between 0.5:1 and 5:1,Said copolymer (I) being a copolymer consisting of 50 to 90 mole % of recurring units of the following formula (A) ##STR1## wherein X is phenyl or alkylphenyl, and from 10 to 50 mole % of recurring units of the following formula (B) ##STR2## wherein R is a hydroxyl group or is a group resulting from the esterification of hydroxyl by means of a C.sub.12 -C.sub.20 aliphatic acid with the proviso that the copolymer (I) contains at least 0.5% by weight of free hydroxyl groups, andSaid copolymer (II) being a copolymer selected from the group consisting ofA copolymer of at least one C.sub.12 -C.sub.20 alkyl ester of methacrylic acid (X) and the n-butyl or isobutyl ester of methacrylic acid (Y)a copolymer of X, Y and up to 70% by weight of styrene or a styrene homologue, andA copolymer of X, Y and up to 0.4% by weight of methacrylic acid,The weight ratio of X to Y in these copolymers being comprised between 15:85 and 50:50.
摘要翻译：一种适于用于显影静电荷图案的液体显影剂组合物，该组合物在电绝缘非极性载体液体中包含分散的颗粒着色物质，至少一种电荷控制物质，预涂涂料中的着色物质颗粒的共聚物（I）共聚物（I）与着色物质的重量比为1:1至9:1，载体液中的共聚物（II）以共聚物（II）与着色物质的重量比为0.5：1至5：

3. 发明授权

US4138351A Electrophoretic liquid developer containing a metal alkyl sulphonate 失效
标题翻译：含有烷基磺酸金属盐的电泳液显影剂
公开(公告)号：US4138351A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-06
申请号：US723190
申请日：1976-09-14
申请人： Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder , Robert J. Pollet , Bernard H. Tavernier , Nikolaas C. De Jaeger , Francis J. Sels
发明人： Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder , Robert J. Pollet , Bernard H. Tavernier , Nikolaas C. De Jaeger , Francis J. Sels
IPC分类号： G03G9/12 , G03G9/135
CPC分类号： G03G9/1355 , Y10S516/03
摘要： A liquid toner developer composition suitable for use in developing electrostatic charge patterns, characterized in that the developer contains a metal alkyl sulphonate ionic surfactant in which the metal ion is a bivalent metal ion selected from the group consisting of zinc(II), lead(II), cadmium(II) and copper(II) and the sulphonate group thereof is present directly on an alkyl chain containing at least 6 carbon atoms in a straight chain, which sulphonate has a positive charging effect on the toner, and the sizes of the toner particles and the amount in which said sulphonate is present are selected such that the toner can develop a charge pattern having a charge level corresponding to 50 V for a capacitance of 1.5.times.10.sup.-11 F.cm.sup.-2 up to an optical density of at least 0.8.
摘要翻译：一种适于用于显影静电荷图案的液体调色剂显影剂组合物，其特征在于显影剂含有金属烷基磺酸盐离子表面活性剂，其中金属离子是选自锌（II），铅（II）的二价金属离子），镉（II）和铜（II）及其磺酸盐基团直接存在于直链上含有至少6个碳原子的烷基链上，该磺酸盐对调色剂具有正的带电效应，选择调色剂颗粒和存在所述磺酸盐的量，使得调色剂可以形成具有对应于1.5×10-11 F.cm-2的电容的电荷水平对应于50V的电荷图案，直到达到的光密度至少0.8。

4. 发明授权

US4241159A Electrophotographic liquid developer comprising acrylic or methacrylic acid ester of hydrogenated abietyl alcohol polymer 失效
标题翻译：包含氢化的聚乙烯醇聚合物的丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸酯的电子照相液体显影剂
公开(公告)号：US4241159A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-23
申请号：US852977
申请日：1977-11-18
申请人： Jan J. Priem , Noel J. De Volder , Yvan K. Gilliams , Walter F. De Winter
发明人： Jan J. Priem , Noel J. De Volder , Yvan K. Gilliams , Walter F. De Winter
IPC分类号： C08F20/00 , C08F20/10 , C08F220/00 , C08F220/10 , G03G9/12 , G03G9/13 , G03G9/18
CPC分类号： G03G9/18 , G03G9/131
摘要： An electrostatic liquid developer for the development of electrostatic charge patterns comprises an electrically insulating carrier liquid having a dielectric constant of less than 3 and a volume resistivity in excess of 10.sup.9 Ohm.cm. In this electrically insulating carrier liquid are dispersed resin-precoated toner particles formed of a pigment or coloring agent precoated with a polymer of an acrylic or methacrylic acid ester of hydrogenated abietyl alcohol.
摘要翻译：用于开发静电荷图案的静电液体显影剂包括介电常数小于3且体积电阻率超过109欧姆·厘米的电绝缘载液。在这种电绝缘载体液体中，分散有树脂预涂的调色剂颗粒，其由预先涂覆有氢化绝育醇的丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸酯的聚合物的颜料或着色剂形成。

5. 发明授权

US4522908A Liquid electrophoretic developer 失效
标题翻译：液体电泳显影剂
公开(公告)号：US4522908A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-11
申请号：US617708
申请日：1984-06-06
申请人： Walter F. de Winter , Herman J. Uytterhoeven , Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder
发明人： Walter F. de Winter , Herman J. Uytterhoeven , Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder
IPC分类号： G03G17/04 , G03G9/12 , G03G9/13 , G03G9/135
CPC分类号： G03G9/133 , G03G9/1355 , Y10S430/105
摘要： A liquid electrophoretic developer composition suitable for rendering visible electrostatically charged areas, which composition contains in an electrically insulating non-polar organic carrier liquid having a volume resistivity of at least 10.sup.9 ohm.cm and a dielectric constant less than 3, pigment particles carrying at least one substance conferring electric charges on said particles, dispersed with the aid of a block copolymer containing one adsorbent group A and at least one solvatable group B, characterized in that said group A represents a polystyrene chain having a number average molecular weight of at least 2,000, and said group B represents a polymethacrylate fatty alcohol ester chain having a number average molecular weight of at least 7,000. The adsorption of said block copolymer to pigment particles is illustrated in FIG. 1.
摘要翻译：一种液体电泳显影剂组合物，其适用于使可见的静电电荷区域，该组合物含有体积电阻率为至少109欧姆·厘米且介电常数小于3的电绝缘非极性有机载体液体，至少含有一种在所述颗粒上赋予电荷的物质，借助于含有一个吸附剂基团A和至少一个可溶解基团B的嵌段共聚物分散，其特征在于所述基团A表示数均分子量为至少2,000的聚苯乙烯链并且所述B组代表数均分子量至少为7,000的聚甲基丙烯酸酯脂肪醇酯链。所述嵌段共聚物对颜料颗粒的吸附在图1中示出。 1。

6. 发明授权

US4147812A Electrophoretic development 失效
标题翻译：电泳发育
公开(公告)号：US4147812A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-03
申请号：US723178
申请日：1976-09-14
申请人： Noel J. De Volder , Yvan K. Gilliams
发明人： Noel J. De Volder , Yvan K. Gilliams
IPC分类号： G03G9/12 , G03G9/13 , G03G9/135 , G03G13/10
CPC分类号： G03G9/1355 , G03G9/131
摘要： A liquid developer composition suitable for rendering visible in the direct or reversed sense electrostatic charge patterns contained on a surface, which composition contains in a hydrocarbon liquid having a volume resistivity of at least 10.sup.9 Ohm.cm and a dielectric constant of less than 3, a negatively charged suspended toner comprising pigment particles bearing organic polymeric material on their surfaces and at least one organic ionic surfactant, wherein(1) said organic ionic surfactant is an oil-soluble overbased alkaline earth metal hydrocarbon sulphonate wherein the alkaline earth metal is magnesium, calcium or barium, the sulphonate has an average molecular weight of at least 800, and the total base number (TBN) of the surfactant determined according to ASTM D 664-58 is at least 2, and(2) the polymeric material is a copolymer of (A) a C.sub.12 -C.sub.20 alkyl alcohol ester of methacrylic acid and (B) n-butyl or isobutyl alcohol ester of methacrylic acid in which the ratio by weight of (A)/(B) is in the range of 15-85/85-15 or the same copolymer containing in its structure styrene or styrene homologue units up to maximum 70% by weight the copolymer in either case optionally containing up to 0.4% by weight of methacrylic acid units.
摘要翻译：一种液体显影剂组合物，其适用于在包含在表面上的直接或反向感测静电电荷图案中可见的组合物，该组合物含有体积电阻率为至少109欧姆·厘米且介电常数小于3的烃液体，带负电荷的悬浮调色剂，其包含在其表面上带有有机聚合物材料的颜料颗粒和至少一种有机离子表面活性剂，其中（1）有机有机离子表面活性剂是一种油溶性过碱性碱性金属氢氧化物，其中碱金属接地金属是镁，钙或碱，硫酸钠具有至少800的平均分子量，以及根据ASTM D 664-58测定的表面活性剂的总碱值（TBN）至少为2，和（2）聚合物是共聚物（A）甲基丙烯酸的C12-C20烷基醇酯和（B）甲基丙烯酸的正丁基或异丁基醇酯，其中（A ）/（B）在15-85 / 85-15的范围内，或相同的共聚物在其结构中含有苯乙烯或苯乙烯同系物单元，最高达70重量％，共聚物在任一情况下任选含有至多0.4重量％的甲基丙烯酸单元。

7. 发明授权

US4123374A Electrophoretic development 失效
标题翻译：电泳发育
公开(公告)号：US4123374A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-31
申请号：US760516
申请日：1977-01-19
申请人： Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder , Walter F. De Winter , Bernard H. Tavernier
发明人： Yvan K. Gilliams , Noel J. De Volder , Walter F. De Winter , Bernard H. Tavernier
IPC分类号： C08F20/00 , C08F20/26 , C08F290/00 , C08F299/00 , G03G9/13 , G03G9/12
CPC分类号： G03G9/131 , Y10S526/934
摘要： A liquid developer composition suitable for use in developing electrostatic charge patterns, which composition contains in an electrically insulating carrier liquid having a volume resistivity of at least 10.sup.9 Ohm.multidot.cm and a dielectric constant below 3, a dispersed particulate coloring substance bearing one or more charge control substances and an organic polymeric material, wherein said polymeric material is a copolymer containing the following recurring units (A) and (B) or (A) and (C): ##STR1## wherein: R represents hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms,R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or an acyl group,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen or carboxyl in free acid or salt form,R.sup.3 represents hydroxyl or an ether group,A represents an alkylene chain of 12 to 20 carbon atoms,Y.sup.1 represents --CO--O--CH.sub.2 --CHOH--CH.sub.2 --Y.sup.2 represents --CO--, andx represents 4 to 20.
摘要翻译：一种适用于显影静电荷图案的液体显影剂组合物，该组合物含有体积电阻率为至少109欧姆×厘米且介电常数低于3的电绝缘载体液体，含有一种或多种电荷控制物质的分散颗粒着色物质（A）和（B）或（A）和（C）的共聚物：其中所述聚合物材料是包含以下重复单元（A）和（B）或（A）和（C）的共聚物： C）其中：

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