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1. 发明授权

US4716984A Automotive vehicle power train 失效
标题翻译：汽车动力传动系
公开(公告)号：US4716984A
公开(公告)日：1988-01-05
申请号：US844700
申请日：1986-03-27
申请人： Takefumi Hiramatsu , Noboru Ashikawa
发明人： Takefumi Hiramatsu , Noboru Ashikawa
IPC分类号： B60K5/04 , B60K17/04
CPC分类号： B60K5/04 , F16H2200/0008 , F16H3/089 , Y10T74/18416
摘要： An automotive vehicle includes a body with an engine compartment. Its power train includes: an engine with a crank shaft and at least one cylinder, mounted within the engine compartment with the crank shaft extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and with the cylinder extending generally horizontally; a transmission device with a power input shaft, coupled to the engine with the power input shaft substantially coaxial with and rotationally driven from the engine crank shaft; and a differential device, driven from the transmission device, with an axial center line which is located generally below the center line of the crank shaft. Thereby, the engine compartment arrangement can be made compact and low in height, and further the moments of inertia of the vehicle about its yaw and pitch axes can be kept low.
摘要翻译：机动车辆包括具有发动机舱的车身。其动力传动系包括：具有曲柄轴和至少一个气缸的发动机，其安装在发动机舱内，曲轴沿车身纵向方向延伸，并且气缸大致水平延伸; 具有动力输入轴的传动装置，其与所述动力输入轴联接到所述发动机，所述动力输入轴与所述发动机曲轴基本上共轴并且从所述发动机曲轴旋转驱动; 以及从传动装置驱动的差速装置，其轴向中心线大致位于曲轴的中心线的下方。由此，发动机舱的结构可以紧凑且高度低，并且车辆绕其偏航轴和俯仰轴的惯性矩可以保持较低。

2. 发明授权

US4625577A Multi-speed transmission 失效
标题翻译：多速传输
公开(公告)号：US4625577A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-02
申请号：US585987
申请日：1984-03-05
申请人： Noboru Ashikawa , Hiroshi Nakayama , Makoto Sumi
发明人： Noboru Ashikawa , Hiroshi Nakayama , Makoto Sumi
IPC分类号： F16H63/30 , F16H63/36 , G05G9/10
CPC分类号： F16H63/302 , F16H63/36 , Y10S74/90 , Y10T74/2011
摘要： A multi-speed transmission having a plurality of forward speed gear trains and at least one reverse speed gear train wherein two parallel shafts, one fixed and the other movable along its axial direction, are mounted within the transmission casing. Shifting forks are mounted on said shafts to selectively engage the forward and reverse speed gear trains. For example, for a multi-speed transmission having five forward speeds and one reverse speed, a first shift fork is slidably mounted on a stationary shaft to selectively engage the first and second gear trains, a second shift fork is slidably mounted on the slidable shaft to selectively engage the third and fourth gear trains and a third shift fork is mounted on the slidable shaft so as to be slidable in only one direction to engage the fifth speed gear train. Movement of the slidable shaft in the direction opposite that which engages the fifth speed gear train acts to engage the reverse speed gear train. The shift forks are retained in their selective position by retaining mechanisms which have retractable protrusions engageable with notches in the shafts.
摘要翻译：具有多个前进速档齿轮系和至少一个反转速度齿轮系的多速变速器，其中两个平行的轴，一个固定的，另一个可沿其轴向移动的平行轴安装在变速器壳体内。换档叉安装在所述轴上以选择性地接合前进和后退速度齿轮系。例如，对于具有五个前进速度和一个倒档速度的多速变速器，第一变速叉可滑动地安装在固定轴上以选择性地接合第一和第二齿轮系，第二变速叉可滑动地安装在滑动轴以选择性地接合第三和第四齿轮系，并且第三换档拨叉安装在滑动轴上，以便可以在一个方向上滑动以接合第五速齿轮系。滑动轴在与第五速齿轮系接合的方向相反的方向上的运动用于啮合反向速度齿轮系。换档叉通过具有与轴中的凹口接合的可伸缩突起的保持机构保持在它们的选择位置。

3. 发明授权

US4577721A Four-wheel drive car 失效
标题翻译：四轮驱动车
公开(公告)号：US4577721A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-25
申请号：US568843
申请日：1984-01-06
申请人： Noboru Ashikawa
发明人： Noboru Ashikawa
IPC分类号： B60K17/346 , B60K17/344
CPC分类号： B60K17/346
摘要： In a four-wheel drive car comprising an engine mounted on the front or rear side of car body and having its crank shaft disposed in the direction of width of the car body, a transmission provided with an output gear capable of being connected to the crank shaft and rotating around an axis parallel with the crank shaft, a reduction gear engaging with the output gear in the rear or front of the transmission, a first differential gear provided concentrically with the reduction gear so as to transmit an output of the reduction gear in a divided manner, a second differential gear transmitting one output of the first differential gear to left and right wheels on the front or rear, a gear for transmitting the other output of the first differential gear rearward or frontward orthogonally to the crank shaft, a third differential gear for transmitting a driving force from the gear to left and right wheels on the rear or front, the improvement wherein the gear for transmitting the other output of said first differential gear rearward or frontward is disposed at a position closer to the engine rather than to an axis of said reduction gear.
摘要翻译：在一种四轮驱动车辆中，包括安装在车体的前侧或后侧的发动机，并且其曲轴设置在轿厢主体的宽度方向上，传动装置具有能够连接到曲柄轴，并且绕与曲轴平行的轴线旋转，与变速器后部或前部的输出齿轮接合的减速齿轮，与减速齿轮同心地设置的第一差速齿轮，以将减速齿轮的输出传递到第一差速齿轮将第一差速齿轮的一个输出传递到前后的左右轮的第二差速齿轮，用于将第一差速齿轮的另一输出向后或正交于曲轴传递的齿轮，第三差速齿轮用于将来自齿轮的驱动力传递到后部或前部的左右车轮的差速齿轮，其中，用于传递另一个输出的齿轮所述第一差速齿轮向后或向前设置在靠近发动机而不是所述减速齿轮的轴线的位置。

4. 发明授权

US5065836A Four-wheel drive motor vehicle having a controlled differential device 失效
标题翻译：具有控制差分装置的四轮驱动电机车辆
公开(公告)号：US5065836A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-19
申请号：US516378
申请日：1990-04-30
申请人： Tetsuro Hamada , Yoshiki Noro , Noboru Ashikawa
发明人： Tetsuro Hamada , Yoshiki Noro , Noboru Ashikawa
IPC分类号： B60K17/348 , B60K17/35 , B60K23/08 , B62D9/00 , F16D35/00 , F16D48/12
CPC分类号： F16D35/005 , B60K17/351 , B60K23/0808 , B62D9/00 , B60W2520/10 , B60W2520/105 , Y10T74/19023
摘要： A motor vehicle such as a four-wheel drive vehicle having a first axle shaft which is driven by a drive source and a second axle shaft which is driven by the same drive source, each of a pair of wheels associated with the second axle shaft being powered by way of individual variable torque transmitting devices, further comprising: a steering condition sensor; and a control unit which reduces a torque transmission ratio of one of the variable torque transmitting devices corresponding to the inner one of the wheels of the second axle shaft when the steering condition sensor has detected a steering angle greater than a prescribed value. Thereby, the problem of the tight turn braking can be avoided without losing the advantages of four-wheel drive. Other driving conditions such as braking and acceleration as well as an excessive temperature increase in each of the variable torque transmitting devices may be taken into consideration in carrying out the control of the variable torque transmitting devices which preferably consist of viscous couplings. Each of the viscous couplings is provided with means for externally varying the torque transmission ratio thereof and transmits torque between input and output thereof at a level which is substantially proportional to the speed difference between input and output thereof.

5. 发明授权

US4977989A Dog clutch mechanism 失效
标题翻译：狗离合器机构
公开(公告)号：US4977989A
公开(公告)日：1990-12-18
申请号：US212431
申请日：1988-06-28
申请人： Noboru Ashikawa , Kazuhiko Shimada , Shoji Tokushima , Tetsurou Hamada , Naoya Akama , Masami Takano , Makoto Watanabe
发明人： Noboru Ashikawa , Kazuhiko Shimada , Shoji Tokushima , Tetsurou Hamada , Naoya Akama , Masami Takano , Makoto Watanabe
IPC分类号： B60K17/35 , B60K23/08 , F16D11/10 , F16D27/118 , F16H63/30
CPC分类号： F16D11/10 , B60K17/35 , B60K23/08 , F16D27/118 , F16D2011/006 , F16D2011/008 , F16H2063/305 , F16H2063/3093 , F16H63/304 , Y10T403/604
摘要： A dog clutch mechanism includes a case, first and second rotatable shafts rotatably disposed coaxially in the case, the second rotatable shaft having an annular groove defined in an outer periphery thereof, a dog piece fixedly mounted on the first rotatable shaft and having first dog teeth confronting an end of the second rotatable shaft, a hub axially slidably mounted on the second rotatable shaft and having second dog teeth meshingly engageable with the first dog teeth, the second dog teeth being movable out of meshing engagement with the first dog teeth under a thrust force in response to relative torque transmission between the first and second rotatable shafts. The hub has guide holes extending radially therethrough toward the second rotatable shaft and a plurality of balls are retained respectively in the guide holes are and engageable in the annular groove. A sleeve is axially slidably disposed on an outer periphery of the hub for engaging the balls and pressing the balls into at least the annular groove.
摘要翻译：狗离合器机构包括壳体，同轴地可旋转地设置在壳体中的第一和第二可旋转轴，第二可旋转轴具有限定在其外周中的环形槽，固定地安装在第一可旋转轴上并具有第一齿形齿面对第二可旋转轴的端部，轴向可滑动地安装在第二可旋转轴上并且具有与第一狗齿啮合的第二狗齿的轮毂，第二狗齿可以在推力下与第一狗齿啮合啮合响应于第一和第二可旋转轴之间的相对扭矩传递的力。轮毂具有朝向第二可旋转轴径向延伸的导向孔，并且多个球分别保持在导向孔中并可接合在环形槽中。套筒轴向可滑动地设置在轮毂的外周上，用于接合球并将球压入至少环形槽中。

6. 发明授权

US4589304A Driving gear interaxle differential assembly for all-wheel-drive vehicles 失效
标题翻译：用于全轮驱动车辆的驱动齿轮差速器组合
公开(公告)号：US4589304A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-20
申请号：US657543
申请日：1984-10-04
申请人： Noboru Ashikawa , Karl Friedrich , Heribert Lanzer
发明人： Noboru Ashikawa , Karl Friedrich , Heribert Lanzer
IPC分类号： B60K17/348 , B60K17/346 , F16H48/30 , F16H48/38 , F16H37/08 , F16H1/42
CPC分类号： B60K17/346
摘要： A four wheel drive gear box having a planetary internal differential concentric with a reduction gear driven by an output gear of a transmission, a planetary carrier driven by the reduction gear, a ring gear driving a first shaft concentric with the reduction gear, a sun gear driving a second shaft which carries a gear which drives, via other gearing, an inter-wheel differential, the first shaft driving the other inter-wheel differential, a support member enclosing the inter-axle differential and connected with the reduction gear, and a connecting member between the ring gear and the first shaft.
摘要翻译：一种四轮驱动齿轮箱，其具有与由变速器的输出齿轮驱动的减速齿轮同心的行星内差速器，由减速齿轮驱动的行星架，驱动与减速齿轮同心的第一轴的齿圈，太阳齿轮驱动第二轴，该第二轴承载通过其它传动装置驱动轮间差速器的第一轴，驱动另一个轮间差速器的第一轴，封闭车轴间差速器并与减速齿轮连接的支撑构件，以及环形齿轮与第一轴之间的连接构件。

7. 发明授权

US5239894A Shift control system 失效
标题翻译：移动控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5239894A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-31
申请号：US799340
申请日：1991-11-27
申请人： Kiyoshi Oikawa , Takafumi Tsurumi , Akihito Ohhashi , Noboru Ashikawa , Kouji Yamaguchi , Hisashi Kunii
发明人： Kiyoshi Oikawa , Takafumi Tsurumi , Akihito Ohhashi , Noboru Ashikawa , Kouji Yamaguchi , Hisashi Kunii
IPC分类号： B60W10/04 , B60W10/06 , B60W10/10 , B60W10/11 , F02D29/00 , F16H3/12 , F16H61/04 , F16H61/08 , F16H61/682 , F16H63/18 , F16H63/40 , F16H63/50
CPC分类号： B60W10/06 , B60W10/11 , B60W30/18 , B60W2710/0605 , B60W2710/0644 , F16H61/0403 , F16H61/682 , F16H63/18 , F16H63/502 , Y10T477/675 , Y10T74/19251
摘要： A shift control system for a vehicle transmission with multiple gear trains and a main shaft connected to an engine crankshaft through a clutch. The shift control system allowing shifting without disengaging the clutch. In conducting a shifting operation through a roller synchro mechanism associated with a gear train, the number of revolutions per minute of the engine crankshaft is promptly decreased through at least one of an ignition control device and a fuel supply control means to synchronize the number of revolutions per minute of a main shaft and a counter shaft of the transmission when the number of revolutions per minute of the main shaft is larger than the number of revolutions per minute for synchronizing with the counter shaft and the number of revolutions per minute of the engine crankshaft is increased to synchronize the number of revolutions per minute of the main shaft and the counter shaft when the number of revolutions per minute of the main shaft is less than the number of revolutions per minute for synchronizing with the counter shaft. This enables a prompt shifting.

8. 发明授权

US5181893A Transmission for vehicle 失效
标题翻译：车辆变速箱
公开(公告)号：US5181893A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-26
申请号：US799548
申请日：1991-11-27
申请人： Noboru Ashikawa , Bunsho Yaguchi , Toyoshi Yasuda , Masami Takano , Akihito Ohhashi , Hiroyuki Shimada , Masahiro Akioka
发明人： Noboru Ashikawa , Bunsho Yaguchi , Toyoshi Yasuda , Masami Takano , Akihito Ohhashi , Hiroyuki Shimada , Masahiro Akioka
IPC分类号： B60K17/08 , F16D41/08 , F16D41/10 , F16H3/08 , F16H57/04 , F16H63/18
CPC分类号： F16H3/089 , B60K17/08 , F16D41/088 , F16D41/105 , F16H3/08 , F16H57/0434 , F16H63/18
摘要： A vehicle transmission of the type having a main shaft and a parallel counter shaft with a plurality of selectable gear trains therebetween. The axis of the engine crankshaft is disposed perpendicular to intermediate portions of the main shaft and the counter shaft, with the low speed gear trains and high speed gear trains positioned on opposite lateral sides of the crankshaft. This results not only in a reduced size of the transmission in the axial direction of the crankshaft but also in a reduced lateral size of the transmission, as compared with a transmission in which the crankshaft is connected in series to the transmission main shaft. A synchro mechanism is mounted on the counter shaft and a shift drum for operating the synchro mechanism is positioned parallel to the counter shaft. This insures a space for disposition of the synchro mechanism between gears of the relatively large diameter gears on the counter shaft and ensures a smooth shifting operation, without an increase in the lateral size of the transmission due to the shift drum.

9. 发明授权

US4921065A Four-wheel drive motor vehicle having a controlled differential device 失效
标题翻译：具有受控差动装置的四轮驱动机动车辆
公开(公告)号：US4921065A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-01
申请号：US175827
申请日：1988-03-31
申请人： Tetsuro Hamada , Yoshiki Noro , Noboru Ashikawa
发明人： Tetsuro Hamada , Yoshiki Noro , Noboru Ashikawa
IPC分类号： B60K17/348 , B60K17/35 , B60K23/08 , B62D9/00 , F16D35/00 , F16D48/12
CPC分类号： F16D35/005 , B60K17/351 , B60K23/0808 , B62D9/00 , B60W2520/10 , B60W2520/105 , Y10T74/19023
摘要： A motor vehicle such as a four-wheel drive vehicle having a first axle shaft which is driven by a drive source and a second axle shaft which is driven by the same drive source, each of a pair of wheels associated with the second axle shaft being powered by way of individual variable torque transmitting devices, further comprising: a steering condition sensor; and a control unit which reduces a torque transmission ratio of one of the variable torque transmitting devices corresponding to the inner one of the wheels of the second axle shaft when the steering condition sensor has detected a steering angle greater than a prescribed value. Thereby, the problem of the tight turn braking can be avoided without losing the advantages of four-wheel drive. Other driving conditions such as braking and acceleration as well as an excessive temperature increase in each of the variable torque transmitting devices may be taken into consideration in carrying out the control of the variable torque transmitting devices which preferably consist of viscous couplings. Each of the viscous couplings is provided with means for externally varying the torque transmission ratio thereof and transmits torque between input and output thereof at a level which is substantially proportional to the speed difference between input and output thereof.
摘要翻译：诸如四轮驱动车辆的机动车辆具有由驱动源驱动的第一车轴和由相同驱动源驱动的第二车轴，与第二车轴相关联的一对车轮中的每一个通过单个可变扭矩传递装置进行动力，还包括：转向状态传感器; 以及控制单元，当所述转向状态传感器已经检测到大于规定值的转向角时，所述控制单元减小与所述第二车轴的所述车轮的内侧相对应的所述可变转矩传递装置中的一个的转矩传递比。因此，可以避免紧凑制动的问题，而不失去四轮驱动的优点。在执行优选由粘性联轴器组成的可变扭矩传递装置的控制中，可以考虑其他驱动条件，例如制动和加速以及每个可变扭矩传递装置中的过度升温。每个粘性联轴器都设置有用于外部改变其扭矩传递比的装置，并以其输入和输出之间的速度差基本成比例的水平传递其输入和输出之间的扭矩。

10. 发明授权

US5224393A Electronically controlled transmission and steering wheel located shift mechanism 失效
标题翻译：电子控制传动和转向轮定位移位机构
公开(公告)号：US5224393A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US696631
申请日：1991-05-07
申请人： Noboru Ashikawa , Masami Takano , Akihito Ohhashi , Toyoshi Yasuda
发明人： Noboru Ashikawa , Masami Takano , Akihito Ohhashi , Toyoshi Yasuda
IPC分类号： B60K20/00 , B60K20/02 , B60K20/06 , B60W30/18 , F16D41/08 , F16H3/12 , F16H59/04 , F16H59/08 , F16H61/26 , F16H61/682 , F16H63/18
CPC分类号： B60W30/18 , B60K20/06 , B60W10/06 , B60W10/11 , F16D41/088 , F16H59/044 , F16H63/18 , B60W2710/0605 , B60W2710/0644 , B60W2710/1005 , F16H2059/006 , F16H2059/0239 , F16H61/682 , Y10T74/1926 , Y10T74/19279
摘要： An electronically controlled transmission in which a shift actuator for driving a sleeve of a roller synchro mechanism and a throttle actuator for an engine are electronically controlled. The shift actuator is comprised of a drum type actuator of a simple structure comprising a shift drum and a shift fork. The use of the roller synchro mechanism ensures that only a small driving force for the shift drum is required, which makes it possible to provide a reduction in size of the shift actuator. In addition, a shift lever for operating a shift switch for producing the shifting instruction signal is mounted on either left or right side of the steering wheel. This ensures that the shifting-up and shifting-down signals can be produced by one of the driver's hands, leading to an improvement in operability of the shift lever.

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