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1. 发明授权

US5973626A Byte-based prefix encoding 失效
标题翻译：基于字节的前缀编码
公开(公告)号：US5973626A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US42509
申请日：1998-03-17
申请人： Toby Berger , Yi-Jen Chiu , Mikio Kawahara
发明人： Toby Berger , Yi-Jen Chiu , Mikio Kawahara
IPC分类号： H03M7/42 , H03M7/40 , H03M7/00
CPC分类号： H03M7/42
摘要： Two software-only prefix encoding techniques employ encoding look-up tables to produce contributions to the encoded bit stream that are incremented in integral numbers of bytes to facilitate accelerated encoding rates at the expense of an acceptable trade-off in increased memory size requirements. The first technique, referred to as offset-based encoding, employs encoding tables which eliminate most of the bit-based operations that need to be performed by a prefix encoder without inordinately expanding memory requirements. In offset-based encoding, a Huffman table is employed which contains information for each number of bits by which the length of a Huffman word is offset from an integral number of bytes. The encoding method generates bytes of encoded data, even though the Huffman code has variable length code words for each symbol to be encoded. The second technique, referred to as byte-based encoding, employs a byte-based Huffman encoding table which operates even faster than the offset-based encoding scheme because it does not employ any bit-based operations at all; however, this is achieved at the expense of a considerable expansion in memory requirements.
摘要翻译：两个仅软件前缀编码技术采用编码查找表来产生对以字节为单位递增的编码比特流的贡献，以便以增加的存储器大小要求的可接受的折衷为代价来加速编码速率。称为基于偏移的编码的第一种技术使用编码表，其消除了需要由前缀编码器执行的大部分基于位的操作，而不会不断扩大存储器需求。在基于偏移的编码中，使用霍夫曼表，其包含每个比特数的信息，通过该信息，霍夫曼字的长度与整数字节偏移。编码方法生成编码数据的字节，即使霍夫曼代码对于要编码的每个符号具有可变长度代码字。被称为基于字节的编码的第二种技术采用基于字节的霍夫曼编码表，其基于偏移的编码方案运行甚至更快，因为它完全不采用任何基于位的操作; 然而，这是以大量的内存需求扩张为代价的。

2. 发明申请

US20100203546A1 Allele Determining Device, Allele Determining Method And Computer Program 审中-公开
标题翻译：等位基因确定装置，等位基因确定方法和计算机程序
公开(公告)号：US20100203546A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-12
申请号：US12764679
申请日：2010-04-21
申请人： Mami Yamashita , Mikio Kawahara
发明人： Mami Yamashita , Mikio Kawahara
IPC分类号： C12Q1/68 , C12M1/34
CPC分类号： C12Q1/6827 , C12Q2561/109 , C12Q2537/165
摘要： According to an allele determining device 1 that determines a single nucleotide polymorphism of a gene, an approximating unit 4 approximates an optical measurement result obtained by observing a reagent that reacts with a specific base sequence of a gene, to a logistic curve that is a curve using light intensity and time as parameters. A determining unit 5 determines a single nucleotide polymorphism using a plateau value or an inflection point that is a characteristic point of the approximated logistic curve, the measured light intensity, and the like.
摘要翻译：根据确定基因的单核苷酸多态性的等位基因确定装置1，近似单元4将通过观察与基因的特定碱基序列反应的试剂获得的光学测定结果近似为对数曲线，其为曲线使用光强度和时间作为参数。确定单元5使用作为近似逻辑曲线的特征点的平台值或拐点来确定单核苷酸多态性，测量的光强度等。

3. 发明授权

US6118029A Process for producing 3,3',5,5'-tetra-t butylbiphenol 失效
标题翻译：制备3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基联苯酚的方法
公开(公告)号：US6118029A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-12
申请号：US015962
申请日：1998-01-30
申请人： Yoichiro Isota , Kazuhiko Yao , Mikio Kawahara
发明人： Yoichiro Isota , Kazuhiko Yao , Mikio Kawahara
IPC分类号： C07C37/11 , C07C37/14 , C07C39/15 , C07C39/12
CPC分类号： C07C37/14 , C07C37/11 , C07C37/50
摘要： A batch or continuous process produces highly pure 3,3',5,5'-tetra-t-butylbiphenol suitable as a starting material for the synthesis of 4,4'-biphenol. The process for producing 3,3',5,5'-tetra-t-butylbiphenol comprises conducting an oxidation coupling of purified 2,6-di-t-butylphenol(i) or crude 2,6-di-t-butylbiphenol(ii), said crude 2,6-di-t-butylphenol being obtained by reacting isobutylene with phenol in the presence of an aluminum catalyst, and removing the aluminum catalyst. The 2,6-di-t-butylphenol is oxidatively coupled in an alkali metal catalyst mixture comprising (1) an alkali metal catalyst and alkylphenols, or (2) alkali metal catalyst, alkylphenols and phenol to produce 3,3',5,5'-tetra-t-butylbiphenol. The oxidative coupling is conducted together with 10-30% by weight of phenol and/or t-butylphenol per 100% by weight of 2,6-di-t-butylphenol in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst.
摘要翻译：分批或连续方法产生适合作为合成4,4'-联苯酚的起始原料的高纯度3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基联苯。制备3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基联苯酚的方法包括纯化的2,6-二叔丁基苯酚（i）或粗2,6-二叔丁基联苯酚（ ii）所述粗制2,6-二叔丁基苯酚是通过异丁烯与酚在铝催化剂存在下反应而得到的，并除去铝催化剂。 2,6-二叔丁基苯酚在碱金属催化剂混合物中氧化偶联，该混合物包括（1）碱金属催化剂和烷基酚，或（2）碱金属催化剂，烷基酚和苯酚，产生3,3' 5'-四叔丁基联苯酚。在碱金属催化剂存在下，每100重量％的2,6-二叔丁基苯酚与10-30重量％的苯酚和/或叔丁基苯酚一起进行氧化偶联。

4. 发明授权

US06835859B2 Method for continuously producing 3,3′,5,5′-tetra-t-butyl-4,4′-biphenol 有权
标题翻译：连续生产3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-联苯酚的方法
公开(公告)号：US06835859B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-28
申请号：US10684638
申请日：2003-10-14
申请人： Mikio Kawahara
发明人： Mikio Kawahara
IPC分类号： C07L3912
CPC分类号： C07C37/11 , C07C39/15
摘要： A method for continuously producing 3,3′,5,5′-tetra-t-butyl-4,4′-biphenol by oxidizing/dimerizing 2,6-di-t-butylphenol, comprising the steps of: supplying 2,6-di-t-butylphenol to a first reaction section of a reaction apparatus in which at least the first reaction section and a second reaction section are connected in series; supplying alkali catalyst to at least said first reaction section; and distributing oxygen containing gas to each reaction section respectively; whereby a reaction mixture containing 3,3′,5,5′-tetra-t-butyl-4,4′-biphenol is obtained from a last reaction section.
摘要翻译：一种通过氧化/二聚2,6-二叔丁基苯连续生产3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-联苯酚的方法，包括以下步骤：提供2,6 - 二叔丁基苯酚与至少第一反应段和第二反应段串联连接的反应装置的第一反应段; 向至少所述第一反应段供应碱催化剂; 并分别向每个反应段分配含氧气体; 从最后一个反应段获得含有3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-联苯酚的反应混合物。

5. 发明授权

US06794548B2 Method of producing 4,4′-biphenol 有权
标题翻译：制备4,4'-联苯酚的方法
公开(公告)号：US06794548B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-21
申请号：US10685193
申请日：2003-10-14
申请人： Mikio Kawahara , Toyokazu Kitaura
发明人： Mikio Kawahara , Toyokazu Kitaura
IPC分类号： C07C3912
CPC分类号： C07C37/50 , C07C39/15
摘要： A method for producing 4,4′-biphenol, comprising the steps of: preparing serially arranged reaction bathes for two or more steps; and carrying out a debutylation reaction of 3,3′,5,5′-tetra-t-butyl-4,4′-biphenol sequentially in the presence of an acid catalyst in a reaction solvent by supplying at least one kind of phenols selected from the group consisting of phenol, monoalkylphenols, dialkylphenols, and trialkylphenols, in a proportion of at least 0.5 mole part relative to one mole part of 3,3′,5,5′-tetra-t-butyl-4,4′-biphenol, to each reaction bath as a solvent for addition, wherein the number of carbon atoms of alkyl groups in alkylphenols consisting of the monoalkylphenols, dialkylphenols, and trialkylphenols, is each independently in the range of 1 to 4, and wherein a solvent for addition to a reaction bath for the latter step has a smaller average number of alkyl groups than a solvent for addition to a reaction bath for the former step.
摘要翻译：一种制备4,4'-联苯酚的方法，包括以下步骤：制备两个或多个步骤的连续排列的反应洗涤剂; 并在酸催化剂存在下，在反应溶剂中依次进行3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-联苯酚的丁基化反应，得到至少一种选自由苯酚，单烷基酚，二烷基酚和三烷基苯酚组成的组相对于1摩尔份3,3'，5,5'-四叔丁基-4,4'-联苯酚为至少0.5摩尔份作为添加溶剂的每个反应浴，其中由单烷基酚，二烷基酚和三烷基苯酚组成的烷基苯酚中的烷基的碳原子数各自独立地为1〜4，并且在添加到用于后一步骤的反应浴具有比用于添加到前一步骤的反应浴的溶剂的平均烷基数更少的反应浴。

6. 发明授权

US5099076A Method for preparing p,p'-biphenol 失效
标题翻译：制备P，P'-二苯酚的方法
公开(公告)号：US5099076A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US593114
申请日：1990-10-05
申请人： Katsunori Takahashi , Mikio Kawahara , Shunji Yago , Yoshiharu Ayabe
发明人： Katsunori Takahashi , Mikio Kawahara , Shunji Yago , Yoshiharu Ayabe
IPC分类号： C07B61/00 , C07C37/11 , C07C37/14 , C07C37/50 , C07C37/84 , C07C39/15
CPC分类号： C07C37/11 , C07C37/14 , C07C37/50
摘要： The present invention is directed to a method for the preparation of p,p'-biphenol by simplified processes achieved by batch or continuous operations which comprises using phenol and isobutylene as starting materials, allowing phenol to react with isobutylene in the presence of aluminum phenoxide, oxidizing the resulting reaction liquid in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, and debutylating the reaction liquid in the presence of a debutylation catalyst.

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