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    • 1. 发明申请
    • Alkene Hydrofunctionalization Reactions
    • 烯烃水合反应
    • US20090069580A1
    • 2009-03-12
    • US12146304
    • 2008-06-25
    • Matthew S. SigmanKeith M. Gligorich
    • Matthew S. SigmanKeith M. Gligorich
    • C07D309/22C07C2/04C09K3/00
    • C07D413/04C07B37/04C07D309/18C07D309/22
    • A reductive cross coupling reaction process for functionalization of a nucleophilic alkene can be achieved. The nucleophilic alkene and a nucleophilic cross coupling partner compound can be reacted in the presence of an oxidizable alcohol and a suitable catalyst to form a reductive coupling product. Various additives can also be useful to refine the process such as by mitigating certain undesirable intermediates, facilitating specific site selectivity for various substitutions or reaction sites, etc. Chiral additives can be optionally used which act to provide asymmetric catalysis, e.g. allow for regioselective and stereoselective production of reductive coupling products. A reductive cross coupling pathway can include oxidizing the oxidizable alcohol to form a catalyst hydride. The nucleophilic alkene can be inserted into the catalyst hydride to form a catalyst-alkyl intermediate. Further, the catalyst-alkyl intermediate can be transmetallized with the nucleophilic cross coupling partner compound to form a transmetallated intermediate. The catalyst can be reductively eliminated to form the reductive coupling product and a reduced catalyst. Finally, the reduced catalyst can be oxidized under aerobic conditions, for example with oxygen, to form the oxidized catalyst and subsequent repetition through the cyclic pathway.
    • 可以实现亲核烯烃官能化的还原交叉偶联反应方法。 亲核烯烃和亲核交联配偶体化合物可以在可氧化的醇和合适的催化剂的存在下反应以形成还原偶联产物。 各种添加剂也可用于改进方法,例如通过减轻某些不需要的中间体,促进各种取代或反应位点等的特定位点选择性等。可以任选使用手性添加剂,其用于提供不对称催化,例如 允许区域选择性和立体选择性地生产还原性偶联产物。 还原交叉偶联途径可以包括氧化可氧化的醇以形成催化剂氢化物。 可以将亲核烯烃插入到催化剂氢化物中以形成催化剂 - 烷基中间体。 此外,催化剂 - 烷基中间体可以与亲核交联偶联配合物化合物转化金属化以形成经金属化的中间体。 催化剂可被还原除去以形成还原偶联产物和还原催化剂。 最后,还原催化剂可以在有氧条件下,例如用氧气氧化,形成氧化的催化剂,随后通过循环途径重复。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Alkene hydrofunctionalization reactions
    • 烯烃氢官能化反应
    • US08088346B2
    • 2012-01-03
    • US12146304
    • 2008-06-25
    • Matthew S. SigmanKeith M. Gligorich
    • Matthew S. SigmanKeith M. Gligorich
    • C01G55/00
    • C07D413/04C07B37/04C07D309/18C07D309/22
    • A reductive cross coupling reaction process for functionalization of a nucleophilic alkene can be achieved. The nucleophilic alkene and a nucleophilic cross coupling partner compound can be reacted in the presence of an oxidizable alcohol and a suitable catalyst to form a reductive coupling product. Various additives can also be useful to refine the process such as by mitigating certain undesirable intermediates, facilitating specific site selectivity for various substitutions or reaction sites, etc. Chiral additives can be optionally used which act to provide asymmetric catalysis, e.g. allow for regioselective and stereoselective production of reductive coupling products. A reductive cross coupling pathway can include oxidizing the oxidizable alcohol to form a catalyst hydride. The nucleophilic alkene can be inserted into the catalyst hydride to form a catalyst-alkyl intermediate. Further, the catalyst-alkyl intermediate can be transmetallized with the nucleophilic cross coupling partner compound to form a transmetallated intermediate. The catalyst can be reductively eliminated to form the reductive coupling product and a reduced catalyst. Finally, the reduced catalyst can be oxidized under aerobic conditions, for example with oxygen, to form the oxidized catalyst and subsequent repetition through the cyclic pathway.
    • 可以实现亲核烯烃官能化的还原交叉偶联反应方法。 亲核烯烃和亲核交联配偶体化合物可以在可氧化的醇和合适的催化剂的存在下反应以形成还原偶联产物。 各种添加剂也可用于改进方法,例如通过减轻某些不需要的中间体,促进各种取代或反应位点等的特定位点选择性等。可以任选使用手性添加剂,其用于提供不对称催化,例如 允许区域选择性和立体选择性地生产还原性偶联产物。 还原交叉偶联途径可以包括氧化可氧化的醇以形成催化剂氢化物。 可以将亲核烯烃插入到催化剂氢化物中以形成催化剂 - 烷基中间体。 此外,催化剂 - 烷基中间体可以与亲核交联偶联配合物化合物转化金属化以形成经金属化的中间体。 催化剂可被还原除去以形成还原偶联产物和还原催化剂。 最后,还原催化剂可以在有氧条件下,例如用氧气氧化,形成氧化的催化剂,随后通过循环途径重复。