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1. 发明授权

US4915819A Treatment of viscous crude oils 失效
标题翻译：粘性原油的处理
公开(公告)号：US4915819A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-10
申请号：US242689
申请日：1988-09-09
申请人： Maria L. Chirinos , Jorge L. Grosso , Ignacio Layrisse , Alan Stockwell
发明人： Maria L. Chirinos , Jorge L. Grosso , Ignacio Layrisse , Alan Stockwell
IPC分类号： C10G21/00 , C10G21/28
CPC分类号： C10G21/003 , C10G21/28
摘要： Asphaltenes and/or wax and/or water are removed from crude oil by contacting the crude oil with an organic solvent to dissolve the crude oil and precipitate asphaltenes and/or wax and separate the oil and water. Solvent is then separated from the deasphalted and/or dewaxed and/or dehydrated crude oil.Removing asphaltenes, wax and/or water reduces the viscosity of the crude oil and it can then be transported, e.g. by pumping through a pipeline, with less expenditure of energy.

2. 发明授权

US4806231A Method for desalting crude oil 失效
标题翻译：脱盐原油的方法
公开(公告)号：US4806231A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-21
申请号：US195410
申请日：1988-05-18
申请人： Maria L. Chirinos , David E. Graham , Ignacio Layrisse , Alan Stockwell
发明人： Maria L. Chirinos , David E. Graham , Ignacio Layrisse , Alan Stockwell
IPC分类号： C10G31/08 , C10G17/00
CPC分类号： C10G31/08
摘要： The salt content of crude oil is reduced by washing crude oil containing residual salt water with wash water of lower salinity than the water present in the crude oil and allowing the resulting mixture to settle into a layer of crude oil of reduced salt water content and a layer of saline water. The quantity of wash water employed is greater than 7.5% by volume of the crude oil.The saline water may be recycled and a proportion removed from the recycle stream and a corresponding quantity of water of lower salinity added.Washing with relatively large quantities of water results in the formation of a less stable emulsion. Consequently, less severe conditions are required to break it to recover the desalted crude oil.
摘要翻译：通过用含有较低盐度的洗涤水与含有原油的水洗涤含有残留盐水的原油来降低原油的盐含量，并使得到的混合物沉淀成一层盐水含量降低的原油一层盐水。使用的洗涤水的量大于原油的7.5体积％。盐水可以循环使用，从再循环流中除去一定比例的相应量的较低盐度的水。用相当大量的水洗涤导致形成较不稳定的乳液。因此，需要较不苛刻的条件来打破它以回收脱盐原油。

3. 发明授权

US4923483A Viscous hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions 失效
标题翻译：粘性烃类水包油乳液
公开(公告)号：US4923483A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-08
申请号：US263896
申请日：1988-10-28
申请人： Ignacio A. Layrisse R. , Domingo R. Polanco , Hercilio Rivas , Euler Jimenez G. , Lirio Quintero , Jose Salazar P. , Mayela Rivero , Antonio Cardenas , Maria L. Chirinos , Daysi Rojas , Humberto Marquez
发明人： Ignacio A. Layrisse R. , Domingo R. Polanco , Hercilio Rivas , Euler Jimenez G. , Lirio Quintero , Jose Salazar P. , Mayela Rivero , Antonio Cardenas , Maria L. Chirinos , Daysi Rojas , Humberto Marquez
IPC分类号： C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/328 , Y10S516/07
摘要： Methods for the formation, processing, transportation and end use of a hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion.
摘要翻译：水包油乳液的形成，加工，运输和最终用途的方法。

4. 发明授权

US4895641A Method of desalting crude oil 失效
标题翻译：脱盐原油的方法
公开(公告)号：US4895641A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-23
申请号：US387417
申请日：1989-07-31
申请人： Maria I. Briceno , Maria L. Chirinos , Alistair S. Taylor , Spencer E. Taylor
发明人： Maria I. Briceno , Maria L. Chirinos , Alistair S. Taylor , Spencer E. Taylor
IPC分类号： B01D17/05 , B01D17/00 , B01D17/04 , C10G19/02 , C10G31/08 , C10G33/04 , C10G33/06
CPC分类号： C10G31/08 , C10G33/04
摘要： The salt content of a heavy crude oil is reduced by a method which comprises the steps of(a) mixing 70 to 98% by volume of a heavy crude oil having a viscosity in the range 200 to 250,000 mPa.s at the mixing temperature with 30 to 2% by volume of an aqueous solution of an emulsifying surfactant or an alkali, percentages being expressed as percentages by volume of the total mixture; mixing being effected under low shear conditions in the range 10 to 1,000 reciprocal seconds, in such manner that an HIPR emulsion is formed comprising distorted oil droplets having mean droplet diameters in the range 2 to 50 micron separated by aqueous films,(b) breaking the resulting emulsion, and(c) separating the resulting mixture into a layer of relatively salt-free oil and a layer of relatively salt-enhanced water.Heavy crude oils are desalted by the above method without requiring a hydrocarbon diluent.The high surface area of the aqueous lamellae in the HIPR emulsion increases the probability of contacts occurring between them and the droplets of salt water originally present in the crude oil, and thus leads to greater desalting efficiency.
摘要翻译：重质原油的盐含量通过以下步骤来降低，该方法包括以下步骤：（a）将70至98体积％的重质原油与混合温度下的粘度在200至250,000mPa.s范围内混合， 30至2体积％的乳化表面活性剂或碱的水溶液，百分比表示为总混合物的体积百分比; 在低剪切条件下在10至1,000个倒数秒的范围内进行混合，使得形成HIPR乳液，其包含通过水性膜分离的平均液滴直径在2至50微米范围内的变形油滴，（b）将和（c）将所得混合物分离成相对不含盐的油层和相对盐增强水层。重质原油通过上述方法脱盐而不需要烃类稀释剂。 HIPR乳液中的水性薄片的高表面积增加了它们与原油中原来存在的盐水的液滴之间发生接触的可能性，从而导致更大的脱盐效率。

5. 发明授权

US4795478A Viscous hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions 失效
标题翻译：粘性烃类水包油乳液
公开(公告)号：US4795478A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-03
申请号：US96643
申请日：1987-09-11
申请人： Ignacio A. Layrisse R. , Domingo R. Polanco , Hercilio Rivas , Euler Jimenez G. , Lirio Quintero , Jose Salazar P. , Mayela Rivero , Antonio Cardenas , Maria L. Chirinos , Daysi Rojas , Humberto Marquez
发明人： Ignacio A. Layrisse R. , Domingo R. Polanco , Hercilio Rivas , Euler Jimenez G. , Lirio Quintero , Jose Salazar P. , Mayela Rivero , Antonio Cardenas , Maria L. Chirinos , Daysi Rojas , Humberto Marquez
IPC分类号： B01D17/05 , B01F17/42 , B01F17/52 , C10L1/32
CPC分类号： C10L1/328 , Y10T137/0391
摘要： Method for the formation, processing, transportation and end use of a hydrocarbon-in-water emulsion.
摘要翻译：水包油乳液的形成，加工，运输和最终用途的方法。

6. 发明授权

US4781819A Treatment of viscous crude oils 失效
标题翻译：粘性原油的处理
公开(公告)号：US4781819A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-01
申请号：US888109
申请日：1986-07-21
申请人： Maria L. Chirinos , Jorge L. Grosso , Ignacio Layrisse , Alan Stockwell
发明人： Maria L. Chirinos , Jorge L. Grosso , Ignacio Layrisse , Alan Stockwell
IPC分类号： C10G21/00 , C10G21/28 , C10C3/00
CPC分类号： C10G21/003 , C10G21/28
摘要： Asphaltenes and/or wax and/or water are removed from crude oil by contacting the crude oil with an organic solvent to dissolve the crude oil and precipitate asphaltenes and/or wax and separate the oil and water. Solvent is then separated from the deasphalted and/or dewaxed and/or dehydrated crude oil.Removing asphaltenes, wax and/or water reduces the viscosity of the crude oil and it can then be transported, e.g. by pumping through a pipeline, with less expenditure of energy.
摘要翻译：通过使原油与有机溶剂接触，从原油中除去沥青质和/或蜡和/或水，以溶解原油并沉淀沥青质和/或蜡并分离油和水。然后将溶剂与脱沥青和/或脱蜡和/或脱水的原油分离。除去沥青质，蜡和/或水会降低原油的粘度，然后可以运输，例如，通过抽水管道，节约能源。

7. 发明授权

US4934398A Preparaton of HIPR emulsions and transportation thereof 失效
标题翻译：制备HIPR乳液及其运输
公开(公告)号：US4934398A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-19
申请号：US201271
申请日：1988-06-02
申请人： Maria L. Chirinos , Alistair S. Taylor , Spencer E. Taylor
发明人： Maria L. Chirinos , Alistair S. Taylor , Spencer E. Taylor
IPC分类号： B01F3/00 , B01F3/08 , C10L1/32
CPC分类号： B01F3/0811 , C10L1/328 , Y10T137/0391
摘要： An HIPR (high internal phase ratio) emulsion of oil in water is prepared by directly mixing 70 to 98% by volume of a viscous oil having a viscosity in the range 200 to 250,000 mPa.s at the mixing temperature with 30 to 2% by volume of an aqueous solution of an emulsifying surfactant or an alkali, percentages being expressed as percentages by volume of the total mixture. Mixing is effected under low shear conditions in the range 10 to 1,000 reciprocal seconds in such manner that an emulsion is formed comprising highly distorted oil droplets having mean droplet diameters in the range 2 to 50 micron separated by thin interfacial films.The emulsions are much less viscous than the oils from which they are prepared and may, optionally after dilution, be pumped through a pipeline.Viscous crude oils may be transported by this method.
摘要翻译：油中水的HIPR（高内相比）乳液通过将70至98体积％的粘度油在粘度为200至250,000mPa.s的混合温度下以30至2％乳化表面活性剂或碱的水溶液的体积，百分比表示为总混合物的体积百分比。在低剪切条件下在10至1000个倒数秒的范围内进行混合，使得形成包含由薄界面膜分离的平均液滴直径在2至50微米范围内的高度变形油滴的乳液。乳液比它们制备的油粘度低得多，并且可以任选地在稀释后被泵送通过管道。粘性原油可以通过这种方法运输。

8. 发明授权

US4801304A Process for the production and burning of a natural-emulsified liquid fuel 失效
标题翻译：用于生产和燃烧天然乳化液体燃料的方法
公开(公告)号：US4801304A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-31
申请号：US875450
申请日：1986-06-17
申请人： Domingo R. Polanco , Ignacio Layrisse , Hercilio Rivas , G. Euler Jimenez , Lirio Q. de Paz , Jose P. Salazar , Mayela Rivero , Emilio Guevara , Maria L. Chirinos
发明人： Domingo R. Polanco , Ignacio Layrisse , Hercilio Rivas , G. Euler Jimenez , Lirio Q. de Paz , Jose P. Salazar , Mayela Rivero , Emilio Guevara , Maria L. Chirinos
IPC分类号： C09K3/00 , C10L1/12 , C10L1/18 , C10L1/182 , C10L1/183 , C10L1/188 , C10L1/19 , C10L1/22 , C10L1/222 , C10L1/232 , C10L1/24 , C10L1/32 , C10L10/04 , C10L10/18
CPC分类号： C10L1/328 , Y10T137/0391
摘要： A process for the preparation of a natural liquid fuel and, more particularly, a process that allows a high sulfur natural fuel to be converted into energy by combustion with a substantial reduction in sulfur oxide emissions.
摘要翻译：一种制备天然液体燃料的方法，更具体地说，一种允许高硫天然燃料通过燃烧转化为能量并大大减少硫氧化物排放的方法。

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