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    • 8. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DECREASING CONTAMINATION
    • 减少污染的方法和装置
    • WO2006076265A2
    • 2006-07-20
    • PCT/US2006/000618
    • 2006-01-10
    • PULMATRIX, INC.EDWARDS, David, A.GABRIELSON, Mark, J.CLARKE, Robert, WilliamDEHAAN, Wesley, HughBRANDE, Matthew, FrederickMAN, Jonathan, Chun-Wah
    • EDWARDS, David, A.GABRIELSON, Mark, J.CLARKE, Robert, WilliamDEHAAN, Wesley, HughBRANDE, Matthew, FrederickMAN, Jonathan, Chun-Wah
    • G01N33/497A61B5/0816A61B5/0878A61B5/097G01N15/0205
    • Methods and devices to determine rate of particle production and the size range for the particles produced for an individual are described herein. The device (10) contains a mouthpiece (12), a filter (14), a low resistance one-way valve (16), a particle counter (20) and a computer (30). Optionally, the device also contains a gas flow meter (22). The data obtained using the device can be used to determine if a formulation for reducing particle exhalation should be administered to an individual. This device is particularly useful prior to and/or following entry in a cleanroom to ensure that the cleanroom standards are maintained. The device can also be used to identify animals and humans who have an enhanced propensity to exhale aerosols (referred to herein as "over producers", "super-producers", or "superspreaders"). Formulations to reduce particle production are also described herein. The formulation is administered in an amount sufficient to alter biophysical properties in the mucosal linings of the body. When applied to mucosal lining fluids, the formulation alters the physical properties such as the gel characteristics at the air/liquid interface, surface elasticity, surface viscosity, surface tension and bulk viscoelasticity of the mucosal lining. The formulation is administered in an effective amount to minimize ambient contamination due to particle formation during breathing, coughing, sneezing, or talking, which is particularly important in cleanroom applications. In one embodiment, the formulation for administration is a non-surfactant solution. In one embodiment, the formulations are conductiv formulations containing conductive agents, such as salts, ionic surfactants, o other substances that are in an ionized state or easily ionized in an aqueous o organic solvent environment. Preferably the formulation is administered in the form of an aerosol.
    • 本文描述了确定颗粒产生速率的方法和装置以及针对个体生产的颗粒的尺寸范围。 装置(10)包括一个接口(12),一个过滤器(14),一个低阻力单向阀(16),一个粒子计数器(20)和一个计算机(30)。 可选地,该装置还包含气体流量计(22)。 使用该装置获得的数据可用于确定是否应向个体施用用于减少颗粒呼气的制剂。 该设备在进入洁净室之前和/或之后特别有用,以确保洁净室标准得到维护。 该装置还可以用于鉴定具有更高呼吸气溶胶倾向的动物和人(在本文中称为“超过生产者”,“超级生产者”或“超级扩张者”)。 本文还描述了减少颗粒生产的制剂。 该制剂的施用量足以改变身体粘膜内衬的生物物理性质。 当施用于粘膜衬里液时,制剂改变物理性质,例如在空气/液体界面处的凝胶特性,表面弹性,表面粘度,表面张力和粘膜衬里的体粘弹性。 该制剂以有效的量施用以最小化由于在呼吸,咳嗽,打喷嚏或说话期间形成颗粒而造成的环境污染,这在洁净室应用中特别重要。 在一个实施方案中,用于给药的制剂是非表面活性剂溶液。 在一个实施方案中,制剂是含有导电剂,例如盐,离子表面活性剂,或其它物质,其处于离子化状态或容易在有机溶剂水溶液环境中电离的导电配方。 优选地,制剂以气溶胶的形式施用。