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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Radioisotope photoelectric generator
    • 放射性同位素光电发生器
    • US4178524A
    • 1979-12-11
    • US868246
    • 1978-01-10
    • James C. Ritter
    • James C. Ritter
    • G21D7/00
    • G21D7/00
    • This disclosure is directed to a radioisotope photoelectric generator for producing electrical energy. The construction of the generator is similar to that of a well-known storage battery. The generator is composed of alternate layers of high-Z, (high atomic-number) and low-Z(low atomic number) material which are insulated by vacuum or other insulating material. Low-energy photons from a radioactive source interact predominantly with the high-Z material by the photoelectric process, ejecting photoelectrons whose energy extends up to the incident gamma-ray energy E. By selecting the high-Z material thickness to be less than one electron range (at energy E) and the low-Z material thickness to be more than one electron range, there is a net electron transfer from the high-Z plates to the low-Z plates because electrons are emitted predominantly from the high-Z plates and stop in the low-Z plates. After start-up, a potential difference will build up between the high-Z and low-Z plates. An upper limit for this potential difference in kilovolts is the energy E in keV. The high-Z plates are connected together electrically and the low-Z plates are connected together electrically thus forming a "battery. " The "battery" delivers power to an external electrical load, preferably but not necessarily a resistor, whose value is chosen to maximize the power delivered to the electrical load, to yield the voltage desired, to control the temperature of the plates, or a combination of such considerations.
    • 本公开涉及用于产生电能的放射性同位素光电发生器。 发电机的结构类似于众所周知的蓄电池。 发生器由高Z,(高原子数)和低Z(低原子序数)材料的交替层组成,通过真空或其他绝缘材料绝缘。 来自放射源的低能光子通过光电过程主要与高Z材料相互作用,喷射其能量延伸到入射伽马射线能量E的光电子。通过选择高Z材料厚度小于一个电子 范围(以能量E)和低Z材料厚度为多于一个电子范围,存在从高Z板到低Z板的净电子转移,因为电子主要从高Z板 并停在低Z板上。 启动后,高Z和低Z板之间将产生潜在差异。 这个千伏特电位差的上限是keV中的能量E。 高Z板电气连接在一起,低Z板电连接在一起形成“电池”。“电池”将电力输送到外部电气负载,优选但不一定是电阻器,其值被选择为 最大限度地传递到电负载的功率,产生所需的电压,以控制板的温度,或这些考虑的组合。