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1. 发明授权

US5855748A Electrochemical cell having a mass flow field made of glassy carbon 失效
标题翻译：具有由玻璃碳制成的质量流场的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US5855748A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-05
申请号：US953611
申请日：1997-10-17
申请人： Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
发明人： Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
IPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： The invention relates to an electrochemical cell which has an electrode, a membrane disposed in contact with one side of the electrode and a mass flow field disposed on the other side of the electrode for directing fluid to and away from the electrode. The mass flow field comprises glassy carbon. The cell of the present invention is particularly useful in converting anhydrous hydrogen halide, in particular, hydrogen fluoride, directly to essentially dry halogen gas, such as anhydrous hydrogen fluoride to fluorine gas.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及电化学电池，其具有电极，与电极的一侧接触的膜和设置在电极的另一侧的质量流场，用于将流体引导到电极和远离电极。质量流场包括玻璃碳。本发明的电池特别可用于将无水卤化氢，特别是氟化氢直接转化为基本上干燥的卤素气体，例如无水氟化氢至氟气。

2. 再颁专利

USRE37042E1 Electrochemical conversion of anhydrous hydrogen halide to halogen gas using a cation-transporting membrane 失效
标题翻译：使用阳离子传输膜将无水卤化氢电化学转化为卤素气体
公开(公告)号：USRE37042E1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-06
申请号：US09093468
申请日：1998-06-08
申请人： James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , John S. Newman
发明人： James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , John S. Newman
IPC分类号： C25B124
CPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/22 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , C25B15/08 , H01M4/9083 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/0208 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/247 , H01M2300/0082 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention relates to a process for electrochemically converting anhydrous hydrogen halide, such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, to essentially dry halogen gas, such as chlorine, fluorine, bromine and iodine gas, respectively. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a process for electrochemically converting anhydrous hydrogen chloride to essentially dry chlorine gas. This process allows the production of high-purity chlorine gas. In this process, molecules of essentially anhydrous hydrogen chloride are transported through an inlet of an electrochemical cell. The molecules of the essentially anhydrous hydrogen chloride are oxidized at the anode of the cell to produce essentially dry chlorine gas and protons, which are transported through the membrane of the cell. The transported protons are reduced at the cathode to form either hydrogen gas or water.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种将无水卤化氢如氯化氢，氟化氢，溴化氢和碘化氢电化学转化成基本上干燥的卤素气体如氯，氟，溴和碘气的方法。在优选的实施方案中，本发明涉及将无水氯化氢电化学转化为基本上干氯气的方法。这个过程允许生产高纯度氯气。在该过程中，基本上无水氯化氢的分子通过电化学电池的入口输送。基本上无水氯化氢的分子在电池的阳极被氧化，以产生基本上干的氯气和质子，其被输送通过电池的膜。输送的质子在阴极处被还原成氢气或水。

3. 再颁专利

USRE36985E Anode useful for electrochemical conversion of anhydrous hydrogen halide to halogen gas 失效
标题翻译：阳极可用于将无水卤化氢电化学转化成卤素气体
公开(公告)号：USRE36985E
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US93535
申请日：1998-06-08
申请人： James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garland Law, Jr. , John S. Newman
发明人： James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garland Law, Jr. , John S. Newman
IPC分类号： C25B11/04 , B01D61/44 , C25B1/02 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/22 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/00 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , C25B15/08 , H01M4/90 , H01M4/92 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/22 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B15/08 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/247 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0208 , H01M8/0228 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A particular anode comprising an electrochemically active material selected from the group .[.comprising.]. .Iadd.consisting of .Iaddend.the oxides of the elements tin, germanium and lead and mixtures comprising at least one of the respective oxides of such elements is useful in an electrochemical cell for the direct production of essentially dry halogen gas from essentially anhydrous halogen halide, or in a process for such production of essentially dry halogen gas. This cell or process may be used to produce halogen gas such as chlorine, bromine, fluorine and iodine from a respective anhydrous hydrogen halide, such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen iodide.
摘要翻译：包括选自由元素锡，锗和铅的元素组成的组[包括]的电化学活性材料的特定阳极和包含这些元素的各自氧化物中的至少一种的混合物可用于直接生产的电化学电池从基本上无水的卤化卤基本上是干的卤素气体，或在这种生产基本上干的卤素气体的方法中。这种电池或工艺可用于从相应的无水卤化氢如氯化氢，溴化氢，氟化氢和碘化氢中产生卤素气体如氯，溴，氟和碘。

4. 发明授权

US5961795A Electrochemical cell having a resilient flow field 失效
标题翻译：具有弹性流场的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US5961795A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-05
申请号：US821147
申请日：1997-03-20
申请人： Dennie Turin Mah , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr.
发明人： Dennie Turin Mah , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr.
IPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , C25B15/08 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/24 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/247 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B15/08 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/0204 , H01M8/0226 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0221 , H01M8/0234 , Y02P70/56
摘要： The invention relates to an electrochemical cell which has an electrode, a membrane disposed in contact with one side of the electrode, and a resilient flow field disposed on the other side of the electrode. The resilient flow field provides uniform electrical contact with the electrode. Such a flow field is preferably an elastomer, which can be be made by molding techniques, thereby decreasing the cost and increasing the ease with which such a flow field may be manufactured. The resilient flow field of the present invention is particularly useful in converting anhydrous hydrogen halide directly to essentially dry halogen gas, such as anhydrous hydrogen chloride to chlorine gas, although it may be used in a cell which converts aqueous reactants.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种电化学电池，其具有电极，与电极的一侧接触的膜和设置在电极另一侧的弹性流场。弹性流场提供与电极的均匀电接触。这种流场优选是弹性体，其可以通过模制技术制造，从而降低成本并增加可以制造这种流场的容易性。本发明的弹性流场特别可用于将无水卤化氢直接转化为基本上干燥的卤素气体，例如无水氯化氢至氯气，尽管它可用于转化含水反应物的电池。

5. 发明授权

US5868912A Electrochemical cell having an oxide growth resistant current distributor 失效
标题翻译：具有氧化物生长阻力电流分布器的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US5868912A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US962640
申请日：1997-11-03
申请人： David Lee Reichert , Charles Collmar Seastrom , Vinci Martinez Felix , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
发明人： David Lee Reichert , Charles Collmar Seastrom , Vinci Martinez Felix , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
IPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/24 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/26 , C25B1/24 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/247 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0208 , H01M8/0228
摘要： The invention relates to an electrochemical cell which has an electrode, which may be either an anode or a cathode, and a membrane disposed in contact with one side of the electrode. An anode current bus is disposed on the other side of the anode, and a cathode current bus is disposed on the other side of the cathode. An anode current distributor collects current from the anode current bus and distributes it to the anode by electronic conduction, and a cathode current distributor collects current from the cathode and distributes it to the cathode bus by electronic conduction. The anode or the cathode current distributor is made of a metal which is treated by either nitriding, boriding or carbiding the metal in order to make the metal oxide growth resistant. In particular, the current distributor comprises tantalum that has been nitrided to form Ta.sub.2 N. The current distributor thus provides a barrier between the current bus and the electrode, and the anolyte, catholyte and products of the cell. This is especially important in aggressive environments, such as hydrogen chloride. Thus, the cell of the present invention is particularly useful in converting anhydrous hydrogen halide directly to essentially dry halogen gas, such as anhydrous hydrogen chloride to chlorine gas, or for converting aqueous hydrogen chloride to wet chlorine gas.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种电化学电池，其具有可以是阳极或阴极的电极和与电极的一侧接触的膜。阳极电流总线设置在阳极的另一侧，阴极电流总线设置在阴极的另一侧。阳极电流分配器从阳极电流总线收集电流并通过电子导通将其分配到阳极，并且阴极电流分配器从阴极收集电流并通过电子导通将其分配到阴极总线。阳极或阴极电流分配器由金属制成，其通过氮化，硼化或碳化金属处理，以使金属氧化物生长抗性。特别地，电流分布器包括被氮化以形成Ta2N的钽。因此，电流分配器在电流母线和电极之间提供阻挡层，以及电池的阳极电解液，阴极电解液和产物。这在腐蚀性环境中尤其重要，如氯化氢。因此，本发明的电池特别可用于将无水卤化氢直接转化为基本上干燥的卤素气体，例如无水氯化氢至氯气，或将氯化氢水溶液转化为湿氯气。

6. 发明授权

US5863395A Electrochemical cell having a self-regulating gas diffusion layer 失效
标题翻译：具有自调节气体扩散层的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US5863395A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-26
申请号：US969707
申请日：1997-11-28
申请人： Dennie Turin Mah , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
发明人： Dennie Turin Mah , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
IPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/10 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： C25B9/10 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： The invention relates to an electrochemical cell having an electrode with a catalyst layer and a gas diffusion layer. The cell also includes a mass flow field for directing fluid to and away from the electrode. An additional gas diffusion layer is disposed between the gas diffusion layer and the flow field. This increases the diffusion resistance of the fluid. The electrochemical cell of the present invention is particularly useful in a process for electrochemically converting anhydrous hydrogen halide to essentially dry halogen gas, where it is necessary to control and increase limiting current. It is also possible to use the additional gas diffusion layer in an aqueous process electrochemical cell.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种电化学电池，其具有带催化剂层和气体扩散层的电极。电池还包括用于将流体引导到电极和远离电极的质量流场。在气体扩散层和流场之间设置另外的气体扩散层。这增加了流体的扩散阻力。本发明的电化学电池特别可用于将无水卤化氢电化学转化为基本上干的卤素气体的方法，其中需要控制和增加限制电流。还可以在水处理电化学电池中使用另外的气体扩散层。

7. 发明授权

US5824199A Electrochemical cell having an inflatable member 失效
标题翻译：具有充气构件的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US5824199A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-20
申请号：US951787
申请日：1997-10-17
申请人： Walter John Simmons , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
发明人： Walter John Simmons , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman
IPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , C25B11/06 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/24 , C25B11/20
CPC分类号： H01M8/247 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/0247 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/0232 , H01M8/0267
摘要： A conductive inflatable member is provided in an electrochemical cell between an electrode and a current for providing uniform contact pressure, and thus uniform electrical contact between the electrode and the current bus. The inflatable member may comprise a pair of flexible plates, where one plate is thinner than the other plate. The cell of the present invention is particularly useful in converting anhydrous hydrogen halide directly to essentially dry halogen gas, such as anhydrous hydrogen chloride to dry chlorine gas, or in converting aqueous hydrogen halide, such as aqueous hydrogen chloride, to wet chlorine gas.
摘要翻译：在电极和电流之间的电化学电池中提供导电充气构件，以提供均匀的接触压力，从而在电极和电流母线之间形成均匀的电接触。可膨胀构件可以包括一对柔性板，其中一个板比另一个板更薄。本发明的电池特别可用于将无水卤化氢直接转化为基本上干燥的卤素气体，例如无水氯化氢至干氯气，或将卤化氢水溶液如氯化氢水溶液转化为湿氯气。

8. 再颁专利

USRE37433E1 Electrochemical conversion of anhydrous hydrogen halide to halogen gas using a membrane-electrode assembly or gas diffusion electrodes 有权
标题翻译：使用膜 - 电极组件或气体扩散电极将无水卤化氢电化学转化为卤素气体
公开(公告)号：USRE37433E1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09466659
申请日：1999-12-17
申请人： William H. Zimmerman , James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , John Scott Newman
发明人： William H. Zimmerman , James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , John Scott Newman
IPC分类号： C25B126
CPC分类号： C25B1/24 , B01D61/44 , C25B1/02 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/22 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , C25B15/08 , H01M4/8605 , H01M4/881 , H01M4/8828 , H01M4/8835 , H01M4/8882 , H01M4/8896 , H01M4/92 , H01M4/923 , H01M4/925 , H01M4/928 , H01M8/0206 , H01M8/0208 , H01M8/0213 , H01M8/0228 , H01M8/1004 , H01M8/247 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell and a process for converting anhydrous hydrogen halide to halogen gas using a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) or a separate membrane and electrode arrangement, such as gas diffusion electrodes with a membrane.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及电化学电池和使用膜 - 电极组件（MEA）或单独的膜和电极装置（诸如具有膜的气体扩散电极）将无水卤化氢转化为卤素气体的方法。

9. 发明授权

US6042702A Electrochemical cell having a current distributor comprising a conductive polymer composite material 失效
标题翻译：具有包含导电聚合物复合材料的电流分配器的电化学电池
公开(公告)号：US6042702A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-28
申请号：US812494
申请日：1997-03-07
申请人： Robert Joseph Kolouch , David Lee Reichert , Robert Lloyd Freed , Andrew Kelsey Birchenall , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman , Douglas John Eames
发明人： Robert Joseph Kolouch , David Lee Reichert , Robert Lloyd Freed , Andrew Kelsey Birchenall , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , James Arthur Trainham, III , John Scott Newman , Douglas John Eames
IPC分类号： C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/02 , H01M8/24 , C25B9/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/247 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/0215 , H01M8/0221 , H01M8/0226 , H01M8/0234 , H01M8/0243 , H01M8/0247 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： The invention relates to an electrochemical cell which has an electrode, a membrane disposed in contact with one side of the electrode and a current bus disposed on the other side of the electrode. A current distributor which is disposed between the electrode and the current bus distributes current to the electrode by electronic conduction. The current distributor is made of a non-porous layer of a conductive polymer composite material. The current distributor thus provides a barrier between the current bus and the reactant and the product of the cell. This is especially important in aggressive environments, such as hydrogen chloride. Thus, the cell of the present invention is particularly useful in converting anhydrous hydrogen halide directly to essentially dry halogen gas, such as anhydrous hydrogen chloride to chlorine gas, or in converting aqueous hydrogen chloride to wet chlorine gas.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种电化学电池，其具有电极，与电极的一侧接触的膜和设置在电极另一侧的电流总线。设置在电极和电流总线之间的电流分配器通过电子导通将电流分配给电极。电流分配器由导电聚合物复合材料的无孔层制成。因此，电流分配器在电流总线与反应物和电池的产物之间提供了一个屏障。这在腐蚀性环境中尤其重要，如氯化氢。因此，本发明的电池特别可用于将无水卤化氢直接转化为基本上干燥的卤素气体，例如无水氯化氢转化为氯气，或将氯化氢水溶液转化为湿氯气。

10. 发明授权

US5855759A Electrochemical cell and process for splitting a sulfate solution and producing a hyroxide solution sulfuric acid and a halogen gas 失效
标题翻译：电化学电池和用于分解硫酸盐溶液并产生氢氧化物溶液硫酸和卤素气体的方法
公开(公告)号：US5855759A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-05
申请号：US962638
申请日：1997-11-03
申请人： Kenneth Bernard Keating , James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , John Scott Newman
发明人： Kenneth Bernard Keating , James Arthur Trainham, III , Clarence Garlan Law, Jr. , John Scott Newman
IPC分类号： B01D61/44 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/22 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/24 , C25B1/00
CPC分类号： C25B1/22 , B01D61/44 , C25B1/16 , C25B1/24 , C25B1/26 , C25B9/04 , C25B9/10 , H01M8/247 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： The present invention relates to an electrochemical cell and a process for producing a hydroxide solution, sulfuric acid and a halogen gas from a hydrogen halide and a sulfate solution. In particular, the sulfate solution may be an alkali metal sulfate solution, such as sodium or potassium sulfate solution, an alkaline earth metal sulfate solution or an ammonium sulfate solution. The cell and the process may use either an anhydrous or an aqueous hydrogen halide, namely, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen bromide and hydrogen iodide, to a respective dry halogen gas, such as chlorine, fluorine, bromine, or iodine, to produce hydrogen ions in order to split the alkali metal solution and form the sulfuric acid. The cell has two membrane-electrode assemblies, where an anode is disposed in contact with one membrane, and a cathode is disposed in contact with another membrane. The sulfate solution is fed in between the membrane-electrode assemblies.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种电化学电池及其制备方法，该方法由卤化氢和硫酸盐溶液制备氢氧化物溶液，硫酸和卤素气体。特别地，硫酸盐溶液可以是碱金属硫酸盐溶液，例如硫酸钠或硫酸钾溶液，碱土金属硫酸盐溶液或硫酸铵溶液。电池和工艺可以使用无水或卤化氢水溶液，即氯化氢，氟化氢，溴化氢和碘化氢，分别加到氯，氟，溴或碘等各种干燥的卤素气体中，以产生氢离子以分离碱金属溶液并形成硫酸。电池具有两个膜 - 电极组件，其中阳极设置成与一个膜接触，并且阴极设置成与另一膜接触。硫酸盐溶液进料在膜 - 电极组件之间。

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