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1. 发明授权

US4446109A System for dry scrubbing of flue gas 失效
标题翻译：烟气干洗系统
公开(公告)号：US4446109A
公开(公告)日：1984-05-01
申请号：US327116
申请日：1981-12-03
申请人： Even Bakke
发明人： Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , C01B17/62 , C01B17/96 , B01D53/34
CPC分类号： C01B17/96 , B01D53/501 , C01B17/62
摘要： A flue gas dry scrubbing system achieves higher sulfur dioxide removal efficiency with a better utilization of alkali reagent chemicals as well as increased dry product recovery performance using a combination of spray drying with an alkali reagent slurry and with a recycled stream comprising a mixture of unreacted alkali, sulfite and sulfate reaction products and flyash which directly contacts the sulfur dioxide-containing flue gas. Preferably the recycled mixture contacts the flue gas in the spray dryer. The invention utilizes a splitting method and a splitter apparatus wherein the particle product powder is separated into two fractions for recycling and for product disposal. The rate of splitting is fully adjustable over a wide range.
摘要翻译：烟道气干燥洗涤系统通过喷雾干燥与碱性试剂浆料的组合以及包含未反应的碱的混合物的再循环料流，可以更好地利用碱试剂化学品以及提高的干燥产物回收性能来实现更高的二氧化硫去除效率，亚硫酸盐和硫酸盐反应产物和直接接触含二氧化硫烟道气的飞灰。优选地，再循环混合物在喷雾干燥器中接触烟道气。本发明利用分离方法和分流装置，其中将颗粒产物粉末分离成两部分用于再循环和用于产品处理。分割速率可在宽范围内完全调节。

2. 发明授权

US4364910A Integrated flue gas processing method 失效
公开(公告)号：US4364910A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-21
申请号：US271512
申请日：1981-06-08
申请人： Howard P. Willett , Even Bakke
发明人： Howard P. Willett , Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B01D47/06 , B01D53/50 , B03C3/017 , B03C3/16 , B03C3/41 , B03C3/53 , C01B17/00
CPC分类号： B03C3/53 , B01D47/06 , B01D53/50 , B01D53/501 , B03C3/017 , B03C3/16 , B03C3/41
摘要： A system and process for flue gas processing to remove both gaseous contaminants such as sulfur dioxide and particulate matter such as flyash integrates spray scrubbing apparatus and wet electrostatic precipitation apparatus and provides for the advantageous extraction and utilization of heat present in the flue gas which is being processed. The integrated system and process utilizes a spray scrubbing tower into which the flue gas is introduced and into which aqueous alkali slurry is introduced as spray for sulfur dioxide removal therein. The flue gas leaves the tower moisture laden and enters a wet electrostatic precipitator which includes a heat exchanger where flyash and entrained droplets in the flue gas are removed by electrostatic precipitation and heat is removed from the flue gas. The cleaned flue gas exits from the precipitator and discharges into a stack. The heat removed from the flue gas finds use in the system or otherwise in the steam generation plant. The wet electrostatic precipitator of the integrated system and process includes a portion constructed as a cross flow heat exchanger with flue gas saturated with water vapor moving vertically upwards inside tubes arranged in a staggered pattern and ambient air being pulled horizontally across the outside of those tubes to cool the tube walls and thereby remove heat from the flue gas and cause condensation of water vapor on the inside wall surfaces. The condensate washes the electrostatically collected flyash particles down from the inside tube walls. The heat that is extracted from the saturated flue gas in the wet electrostatic precipitator heat exchanger may be utilized in several different ways, including: (1) for flue gas reheat after the wet electrostatic precipitator; (2) for preheating of combustion air to the steam generator boiler; and, (3) for heating of buildings. The integrated flue gas processing system and process of this invention provides many advantages resulting in increased efficiency and improved economy of flue gas cleaning and wide application of use.

3. 发明授权

US3960687A Electrostatically enhanced removal of sulfur dioxide from gaseous carriers 失效
标题翻译：从气态载体静电增强二氧化硫的去除
公开(公告)号：US3960687A
公开(公告)日：1976-06-01
申请号：US410447
申请日：1973-10-29
申请人： Even Bakke , Michael Witte , Manankumar S. Mehta
发明人： Even Bakke , Michael Witte , Manankumar S. Mehta
IPC分类号： B03C3/013 , B01D53/50 , C01B17/60 , B01K1/00
CPC分类号： C01B17/60 , B01D53/501
摘要： Closed circuit process for effecting the selective removal of sulfur dioxide values from industrial waste gases or the like wherein a particularly constituted confined solution of mixed ammonium phosphates is exposed to absorbent contact with a sulfur dioxide bearing gas stream in an electrostatic force field followed by a thermally induced desorption of recoverable sulfur dioxide values therefrom and regeneration of the solution preparatory to reexposure thereof to the suflur dioxide bearing gas stream.
摘要翻译：用于实现从工业废气等中选择性除去二氧化硫值的闭路过程，其中将特别构成的混合磷酸铵的限制溶液暴露于与静电力场中的含二氧化硫的气流进行吸收接触，随后是热引起可回收的二氧化硫值的解吸附和再次将其再次暴露于二氧化硫气体流中的溶液。

4. 发明授权

US4784674A Mist eliminator module and a method for self-cleaning of the same 失效
标题翻译：除雾器模块及其自清洁方法
公开(公告)号：US4784674A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-15
申请号：US82053
申请日：1987-08-05
申请人： Otto Sarmiento , Even Bakke
发明人： Otto Sarmiento , Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B01D45/04 , B01D45/08 , B01D45/10 , B01D45/18 , B01D46/04
CPC分类号： B01D45/08 , B01D45/04 , B01D45/10
摘要： A mist eliminator module, comprising a plurality of smooth parallel mist eliminator blades, preferably formed from a fiber reinforced polymeric material is disclosed. Each blade has in a captive edge portion at least one aperture, which is aligned with apertures in adjacent blades. At least one support rod extends through the apertures, with a plurality of resilient tubular spacers fitted onto the rod between the blades. At least one rigid spacer bar, having a plurality of slots in one face for receiving the free blade edge portions is attached to the other blade edges. A water spray may be directed onto the blades to form a film of water on the blades. The blades may be cleaned in place by removing the spacer bar and separating each blade from an adjacent blade, and manually cleaning each side of each blade. The blades may also be cleaned by operating the tower with the water spray running and the support bar removed so that the blades flex sufficiently to flake off any accumulated solids.
摘要翻译：公开了一种除雾器模块，其包括多个光滑平行除雾器叶片，优选地由纤维增强的聚合材料形成。每个叶片在捕获边缘部分中具有至少一个孔，其与相邻叶片中的孔对准。至少一个支撑杆延伸穿过孔，其中多个弹性管状隔离件装配在叶片之间的杆上。至少一个刚性间隔杆在一个面中具有用于接收自由叶片边缘部分的多个狭槽附接到另一个叶片边缘。水喷雾可以被引导到叶片上以在叶片上形成水膜。可以通过移除间隔杆并将每个叶片与相邻的叶片分离，并且手动地清洁每个叶片的每一侧，可以在适当位置清洁叶片。刀片还可以通过在水喷射运行并且支撑杆被移除的情况下操作塔来清洁，使得叶片充分弯曲以剥离任何积聚的固体。

5. 发明授权

US4324770A Process for dry scrubbing of flue gas 失效
标题翻译：废气干洗方法
公开(公告)号：US4324770A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-13
申请号：US189026
申请日：1980-09-22
申请人： Even Bakke
发明人： Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , C01B17/62 , C01B17/96 , C01B17/00
CPC分类号： C01B17/96 , B01D53/501 , C01B17/62
摘要： A flue gas dry scrubbing process and system achieves higher sulfur dioxide removal efficiency with a better utilization of alkali reagent chemicals as well as increased dry product recovery performance using a combination of spray drying with an alkali reagent slurry and with a recycled stream comprising a mixture of unreacted alkali, sulfite and sulfate reaction products and flyash which directly contacts the sulfur dioxide-containing flue gas. Preferably the recycled mixture contacts the flue gas in the spray dryer. The invention utilizes a splitting method and a splitter apparatus wherein the particle product powder is separated into two fractions for recycling and for product disposal. The rate of splitting is fully adjustable over a wide range.
摘要翻译：烟道气干燥洗涤过程和系统通过使用喷雾干燥与碱性试剂浆料的组合以及再循环的流将二氧化硫去除效率提高到更好地利用碱试剂化学品以及提高的干燥产物回收性能，未反应的碱，亚硫酸盐和硫酸盐反应产物和直接接触含二氧化硫的烟道气的飞灰。优选地，再循环混合物在喷雾干燥器中接触烟道气。本发明利用分离方法和分流装置，其中将颗粒产物粉末分离成两部分用于再循环和用于产品处理。分割速率可在宽范围内完全调节。

6. 发明授权

US4305909A Integrated flue gas processing system 失效
标题翻译：综合烟气处理系统
公开(公告)号：US4305909A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-15
申请号：US130202
申请日：1980-03-13
申请人： Howard P. Willett , Even Bakke
发明人： Howard P. Willett , Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B01D47/06 , B01D53/50 , B03C3/017 , B03C3/16 , B03C3/53 , B01D50/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/50 , B01D47/06 , B03C3/017 , B03C3/16 , B03C3/53
摘要： A system for processing hot flue gas to remove both gaseous contaminants such as sulfur dioxide and particulate matter such as flyash integrates spray scrubbing apparatus and wet electrostatic precipitation apparatus and provides for the advantageous extraction and utilization of heat present in the flue gas. The integrated system utilizes a spray scrubbing tower and a wet electrostatic precipitator which includes a portion constructed as a cross flow heat exchanger with flue gas saturated with water vapor moving vertically upwards inside tubes arranged in a staggered pattern and ambient air being pulled horizontally across the outside of those tubes to cool the tube walls and thereby remove heat from the flue gas and cause condensation of water vapor on the inside wall surfaces. The condensate washes the electrostatically collected flyash particles down from the inside tube walls. The heat that is extracted from the saturated flue gas may be utilized for flue gas reheat after the wet electrostatic precipitator or for preheating of combustion air to the steam generator boiler.
摘要翻译：用于处理热烟气以除去诸如二氧化硫的气体污染物和诸如飞灰的颗粒物质的系统将喷雾洗涤装置和湿静电沉淀装置整合，并且提供有利地提取和利用烟气中存在的热量。该集成系统使用喷雾洗涤塔和湿式静电除尘器，其包括被构造为横流式热交换器的部分，其中蒸汽饱和的水蒸汽沿垂直向上移动，以交错方式布置，并且外部空气被水平地横过外部这些管子用于冷却管壁，从而从烟道气中除去热量，并引起水蒸气在内壁表面上的冷凝。冷凝物从静脉内收集的飞灰颗粒从内壁管壁下降。从饱和烟气中提取的热量可用于湿式静电除尘器之后的烟道气再热，或用于将燃烧空气预热到蒸汽发生器锅炉。

7. 发明授权

US3958961A Wet electrostatic precipitators 失效
标题翻译：湿式静电除尘器
公开(公告)号：US3958961A
公开(公告)日：1976-05-25
申请号：US514973
申请日：1974-10-15
申请人： Even Bakke
发明人： Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B03C3/16 , B03C3/36 , B03C3/78
CPC分类号： B03C3/16 , B03C3/36 , B03C3/78
摘要： A wet electrostatic precipitator has an inlet diffuser, a transverse electrostatic discharge section, an extended discharge section, a mist eliminator section and an outlet section. The inlet diffuses includes discharge electrodes interposed between collection plates extending in the direction of flow of gaseous feed and water sprays. The transverse discharge section includes baffles transverse to the direction of flow of the gaseous feed and water sprays. The extended discharge section includes transverse baffles and electrodes. The outlet section following the mist eliminator includes overlapped baffles.
摘要翻译：湿式静电除尘器具有入口漫射器，横向静电放电部分，延伸放电部分，除雾器部分和出口部分。入口扩散包括插入在气态进料和水喷雾流动方向上延伸的收集板之间的放电电极。横向排放部分包括横向于气态进料和水喷雾流动方向的挡板。扩展放电部分包括横向挡板和电极。除雾器后面的出口部分包括重叠的挡板。

8. 发明授权

US4074983A Wet electrostatic precipitators 失效
标题翻译：湿式静电除尘器
公开(公告)号：US4074983A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-21
申请号：US648839
申请日：1976-01-14
申请人： Even Bakke
发明人： Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B03C3/09 , B03C3/01 , B03C3/16 , B03C3/36 , B03C3/78 , B03C3/74
CPC分类号： B03C3/36 , B03C3/01 , B03C3/16 , B03C3/78
摘要： The precipitator includes main sections each having a plurality of spaced parallel collection plates with discharge electrodes being interposed between the collection plates. The plates extend in the direction of flow of a gaseous medium. Sprays of water are continuously directed against the collection plates. The gas enters through a diverging inlet section in which there are arranged several sets of baffles in longitudinal spaced relation. Each set of baffles includes at least two rows of channels extending at a slight angle to the vertical. The channels in each row are spaced apart a distance greater than their width, and the rows are offset so that each channel in a second row is opposite a space between channels in a first row. Sprays direct water on the upstream surfaces of the baffles in each set, said sprays being directed both in the direction of flow of the gaseous medium and transverse thereto. Following the inlet section there is a transverse electrostatic precipitator section in which sets of baffles are arranged transverse to the direction of flow of the gaseous medium upstream and downstream of the transverse discharge electrodes. Water sprays are continuously applied to the latter baffles. An extended discharge section is provided upstream and downstream of the main precipitator sections including transverse baffles and electrodes for applying a field toward said baffles from said main sections along the path of the medium. The final section is a transverse electrostatic precipitator section defining a mist eliminator, the baffles of which may be sprayed intermittently as required. An outlet section following the mist eliminator section is provided with a set of baffles the rows of which are in overlapping relation so that there is no "open" flow.
摘要翻译：除尘器包括主要部分，每个主要部分具有多个间隔开的平行收集板，其中放电电极插在收集板之间。板在气态介质的流动方向上延伸。水喷射液连续地指向收集板。气体通过发散的入口部分进入，其中以几个纵向间隔的关系布置了几组挡板。每组挡板包括至少两排与垂直方向成微小角度的通道。每行中的通道间隔开一个大于其宽度的距离，并且行被偏移，使得第二行中的每个通道与第一行中的通道之间的空间相反。在每组中的挡板的上游表面上喷洒直接的水，所述喷雾沿着气态介质的流动方向并横向于其两者。在入口部分之后，存在横向静电除尘器部分，其中挡板组横向于横向放电电极的上游和下游的气态介质的流动方向布置。水喷雾连续地施加到后面的挡板。在主沉淀器部分的上游和下游设置有延伸的排放部分，包括横向挡板和电极，用于沿着介质的路径从所述主要部分向所述挡板施加场。最后一部分是限定除雾器的横向静电除尘器部分，其挡板可以根据需要间歇喷涂。在除雾器部分之后的出口部分设置有一组挡板，它们的排处于重叠关系，使得没有“开放”的流动。

9. 发明授权

US5635149A Wet scrubbing method and apparatus for removing sulfur oxides from combustion effluents 失效
标题翻译：用于从燃烧废水中除去硫氧化物的湿式洗涤方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5635149A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-03
申请号：US257698
申请日：1994-06-09
申请人： Jonas S. Klingspor , Even Bakke , Gerald E. Bresowar
发明人： Jonas S. Klingspor , Even Bakke , Gerald E. Bresowar
IPC分类号： B01D53/50 , B01D53/73 , C01F11/18 , F23J15/00 , F23J15/04 , C01B17/22
CPC分类号： F23J15/04 , B01D53/501 , B01D53/502 , B01D53/504 , B01D53/73 , C01F11/185 , F23J15/006 , C01P2004/61 , F23J2215/20 , F23J2217/102 , F23J2219/30 , F23J2219/40
摘要： Sulfur oxides (SO.sub.x) are scrubbed from combustion effluents with aqueous limestone slurries with greater efficiency and with economies in capital and operating costs. In the preferred embodiment of a single-loop, open-tower countercurrent limestone wet scrubber, effluent flow rates are greatly increased while L/G values and reaction tank residence times are decreased. Improved entrainment eliminator design, novel nozzle placement and spacing, and the use of a hydrocyclone to separate and recycle smaller particles of limestone from the byproduct gypsum, facilitate these advantages. The limestone is reduced to very fine particles, e.g. about 8.mu. or less with more than 99% of the particle by weight less than 44.mu., and introduced into a scrubbing slurry which is contacted with SO.sub.x -laden effluent.
摘要翻译：硫氧化物（SOx）从具有较高效率和经济资本和运营成本的石灰石浆料的燃烧废水中洗涤。在单回路，开式塔式逆流石灰石湿式洗涤器的优选实施例中，流出物流速大大增加，而L / G值和反应槽停留时间减少。改进的夹带消除器设计，新颖的喷嘴布置和间隔，以及使用水力旋流器从副产物石膏中分离和回收较小的石灰石颗粒，有利于这些优点。石灰石被还原成非常细的颗粒，例如约8μm或更小，超过99％的颗粒重量小于44μm，并引入与SO x负载的流出物接触的洗涤浆液中。

10. 发明授权

US4389225A Electrostatic precipitator having high strength discharge electrode 失效
标题翻译：具有高强度放电电极的静电除尘器
公开(公告)号：US4389225A
公开(公告)日：1983-06-21
申请号：US247797
申请日：1981-03-26
申请人： Howard P. Willett , Even Bakke
发明人： Howard P. Willett , Even Bakke
IPC分类号： B03C3/16 , B03C3/41 , B03C3/78 , B03C3/74
CPC分类号： B03C3/16 , B03C3/41
摘要： There is disclosed an electrostatic precipitator with a discharge electrode having dimensional and configuration characteristics which provide high field strength and high current density particularly in a wet electrostatic precipitator. The round cylindrical collector tube of length (L) and with an inner diameter (D) has a coaxially positioned discharge electrode having an electrode supporting mast of a diameter from 0.25 to 0.40 D with an electrically conducting closed screw flight secured to the mast. The screw flight has an overall diameter (d) of from 0.33 to 0.67 D with a pitch of from D-d/2 to D-d and an overall length of from one screw revolution to L-(D-d), preferably one-half L or less and most preferably one to two revolutions. The short screw flight is economical and readily adjusted. The screw flight has a thickness of from about 0.05 to 0.15 inch and has a symmetrically curved outer edge. The collector tube is flared at its lower end to direct water away from the electrode mast as the water is discharged from the tube. The discharge electrode is supported from above and centered by means of adjustable tie rods at its lower end.
摘要翻译：公开了具有放电电极的静电除尘器，具有提供高场强和高电流密度的尺寸和构造特性，特别是在湿式静电除尘器中。长度为（L）且具有内径（D）的圆柱形收集器管具有同轴放置的放电电极，其具有直径为0.25至0.40D的电极支撑桅杆，其具有固定到桅杆的导电闭合螺旋形飞行器。螺杆飞行的总直径（d）为0.33至0.67D，间距为Dd / 2至Dd，总长度为一螺杆转至L（Dd），优选为一半或更小，最优选1至2圈。短螺旋飞行是经济的并且容易调整。螺旋飞行的厚度为约0.05至0.15英寸，并且具有对称弯曲的外边缘。当水从管排出时，收集器管在其下端被张开以将水引导离开电极桅杆。放电电极从上方支撑并通过其下端的可调式拉杆居中。

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