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    • 4. 发明申请
    • XENOBIOTIC COMPOUND MODULATED EXPRESSION SYSTEMS AND USES THEREFOR
    • XENOBIOTIC COMPOUND调制表达系统及其应用
    • WO2002086063A2
    • 2002-10-31
    • PCT/US2002/012161
    • 2002-04-16
    • THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIESEVANS, Ronald, M.
    • EVANS, Ronald, M.
    • C12N
    • C07K14/70567A01K2217/05A61K38/00
    • A novel nuclear receptor, termed the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR), a broad-specificity sensing receptor that is a novel branch of the nuclear receptor superfamily, has been discovered. SXR forms a heterodimer with RXR that can bind to and induce transcription from response elements present in steroid-inducible cytochrome P450 genes in response to hundreds of natural and synthetic compounds with biological activity, including therapeutic steroids as well as dietary steroids and lipids. Instead of hundreds of receptors, one for each inducing compound, the invention SXR receptors monitor aggregate levels of inducers to trigger production of metabolizing enzymes in a coordinated metabolic pathway. Agonists and antagonists of SXR are administered to subjects to achieve a variety of therapeutic goals dependent upon modulating metabolism of one or more endogenous steroids or xenobiotics to establish homeostasis. An assay is provided for identifying steroid drugs that are likely to cause drug interaction if administered to a subject in therapeutic amounts. Transgenic animals are also provided which express human SXR, thereby serving as useful models for human response to various agents which potentially impact P450-dependent metabolic processes. Also provided are expression systems and expression vectors having SXR receptors and the like operably linked to target genes of interest.
    • 已经发现了一种称为类固醇和异种生物受体(SXR)的新型核受体,作为核受体超家族的新分支的广泛特异性感受器受体。 SXR与RXR形成异源二聚体,其可以结合并诱导存在于类固醇诱导细胞色素P450基因中的响应元件的转录,以响应数百种具有生物活性的天然和合成化合物,包括治疗类固醇以及膳食类固醇和脂质。 代替数百个受体,每个诱导化合物一个,本发明SXR受体监测诱导剂的总体水平以引发代谢途径中代谢酶的产生。 SXR的激动剂和拮抗剂被施用于受试者以实现依赖于调节一种或多种内源性类固醇或异种生物的代谢以建立体内平衡的多种治疗目标。 提供了用于鉴定如果以治疗量施用给受试者的可能引起药物相互作用的类固醇药物的测定。 还提供了表达人SXR的转基因动物,从而作为人类对各种可能影响P450依赖性代谢过程的药物的反应的有用模型。 还提供了具有可操作地连接到目标靶基因的SXR受体等的表达系统和表达载体。
    • 7. 发明申请
    • METHODS, POLYPEPTIDES, NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE OF XOR-6, A VITAMIN D-LIKE RECEPTOR FROM XENOPUS
    • 方法,多肽,XOR-6的核苷酸序列,XENOPUS的维生素D样受体
    • WO1996022390A1
    • 1996-07-25
    • PCT/US1996000058
    • 1996-01-16
    • THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIESEVANS, Ronald, M.BLUMBERG, BruceUMESONO, Kazuhiko
    • THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
    • C12Q01/68
    • C07K14/463A01K2217/05A61K38/00C07K14/70567C07K14/721
    • The inventions disclosed are new members of the steroid receptor superfamily of receptors of which a representative member has been designated XOR-6. The receptors are responsive to hydroxy, mercapto or aminobenzoates and are expressed in Xenopus leavis embryos. XOR-6 is most closely related to the vitamin D3 receptor. The amino acid sequences are about 73 % identical in the DNA-binding domains and about 42 % identical in the ligand binding domain. Like the vitamin D3 receptor, XOR-6 has an extended D region between the DNA and ligand binding domains. The region amino-terminal to the XOR-6 DNA-binding domain is extremely acidic which may influence its ability to activate genes. Southern blots show that XOR-6 related sequences are present in other vertebrates including humans. Also disclosed are nucleotide sequences encoding the XOR-6 receptor, constructs and cells containing sane, and probes derived from the XOR-6 sequence. Hydroxy, mercapto and aminobenzoates modulate the transcription of the invention receptors.
    • 所公开的发明是受体的类固醇受体超家族的新成员,其代表性成员已经被称为XOR-6。 受体对羟基,巯基或氨基苯甲酸有反应,并在非洲爪蟾胚胎中表达。 XOR-6与维生素D3受体最密切相关。 氨基酸序列在DNA结合结构域中约73%相同,在配体结合结构域中约42%相同。 像维生素D3受体一样,XOR-6在DNA和配体结合结构域之间具有延伸的D区。 XOR-6 DNA结合结构域的氨基末端区域是极酸性的,这可能影响其激活基因的能力。 Southern印迹显示XOR-6相关序列存在于包括人在内的其他脊椎动物中。 还公开了编码XOR-6受体的核苷酸序列,含有正义的构建体和细胞,以及衍生自XOR-6序列的探针。 羟基,巯基和氨基苯甲酸调节本发明受体的转录。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • TREATMENT OF DISEASE STATES WHICH RESULT FROM NEOPLASTIC CELL PROLIFERATION USING PPAR-GAMMA ACTIVATORS AND COMPOSITIONS USEFUL THEREFOR
    • 使用PPAR-GAMMA激活剂和组合物治疗由神经细胞增殖引起的疾病状态
    • WO1998029113A1
    • 1998-07-09
    • PCT/US1997024190
    • 1997-12-29
    • THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIESEVANS, Ronald, M.TONTONOZ, PeterNAGY, Laszlo
    • THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
    • A61K31/20
    • A61K31/44A61K31/12A61K31/19A61K31/192A61K31/205A61K31/445A61K31/557A61K31/5575A61K2300/00
    • In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that PPAR gamma is expressed consistently in tissues associated with each of a variety of disease states which result from neoplastic cell proliferation. It has further been discovered that maximal activation of PPAR gamma with exogenous ligand promotes terminal differentiation of primary cells which are otherwise subject to neoplastic cell proliferation. In accordance with another aspect of the invention, it has been discovered that RXR-specific ligands are also potent agents for induction of differentiation of cells expressing the PPAR gamma /RXR alpha heterodimer, and that simultaneous treatment of cells subject to neoplastic cell proliferation with a PPAR gamma -selective ligand, in combination with an RXR-specific ligand, results in an additive stimulation of differentiation. Thus, the effect of neoplastic cell proliferation can be ameliorated by treatment of cells undergoing neoplastic cell proliferation with PPAR gamma agonists, optionally in the further presence of RXR agonists, thereby blocking further proliferation thereof. Accordingly, compounds and compositions which are useful for the treatment of a variety of disease states which result from neoplastic cell proliferation have been identified and are described herein.
    • 根据本发明,已经发现PPARγ在与由肿瘤细胞增殖引起的多种疾病状态中的每一种相关的组织中一致地表达。 进一步发现,外源性配体的PPARγ的最大活化促进原始细胞的终末分化,否则其将受到肿瘤细胞增殖的影响。 根据本发明的另一方面,已经发现RXR特异性配体也是用于诱导表达PPARγ/RXRα异二聚体的细胞分化的有效试剂,并且同时处理具有赘生性细胞增殖的细胞 PPARγ选择性配体与RXR特异性配体组合导致分化的加性刺激。 因此,可以通过用任选地在RXR激动剂的进一步存在下治疗与PPARγ激动剂进行肿瘤细胞增殖的细胞来改善肿瘤细胞增殖的作用,从而阻止其进一步增殖。 因此,已经鉴定并描述了可用于治疗由肿瘤细胞增殖引起的各种疾病状态的化合物和组合物。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • MODULATORS FOR NEW MEMBERS OF THE STEROID/THYROID SUPERFAMILY OF RECEPTORS
    • STEROID / THYROID SUPERFAMILY受体的新成员的调节剂
    • WO1996036230A1
    • 1996-11-21
    • PCT/US1996003865
    • 1996-04-17
    • THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIESEVANS, Ronald, M.FORMAN, Barry, M.
    • THE SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES
    • A16K31/56
    • A61K31/568
    • In accordance with the present invention, there are provided modulators for orphan member(s) of the steroid/thyroid superfamily of receptors which is related to the previously described CAR- alpha . Thus, compounds of the general class of androstans have been identified as modulators for a newly discovered isoform of CAR. Compounds discovered in accordance with the present invention can be employed in a variety of applications, e.g., for the modulation of processes mediated by an isoform of CAR or CAR-like species, to increase the libido of a subject (especially a subject undergoing therapy using a 5 alpha -reductase inhibitor), in a screening assay for the presence of receptors involved in the modulation of libido, and the like. Also provided in accordance with the present invention are methods for the identification of compounds which modulate processes mediated by an isoform of CAR or CAR-like species, as well as novel compositions derived therefrom.
    • 根据本发明,提供了与先前描述的CAR-α相关的受体类固醇/甲状腺超家族的孤儿成分的调节剂。 因此,一般类型的雄激素类化合物已被鉴定为新发现的CAR同种型的调节剂。 根据本发明发现的化合物可以用于各种应用,例如用于调节由CAR或CAR样物质的同种型介导的过程,以增加受试者的性欲(特别是接受治疗的受试者使用 5α-还原酶抑制剂),在涉及调节性欲的受体的存在的筛选测定中等。 根据本发明还提供了用于鉴定调节由CAR或CAR样物质的同种型介导的过程的化合物的方法,以及由其衍生的新型组合物。