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1. 发明专利

GB763192A Improvements in means for intensifying and storing images 未知
公开(公告)号：GB763192A
公开(公告)日：1956-12-12
申请号：GB1400654
申请日：1952-05-28
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON M D
IPC分类号： H01J29/38 , H01J31/48 , H01J31/49
摘要： 763,192. Television pick-up tubes. SHELDON, E. E. May 28, 1952 [June 1, 1951], No. 14006/54. Divided out of 763,190. Class 39(1). X-ray or atomic particle images are converted by a composite screen or screens into an electron beam which passes through a light reflecting screen and onto the viewing fluorescent screen, the composite screens each comprising a light reflecting layer 7b transparent to X-rays or atomic particles, a fluorescent layer 8b, a chemically inactive transparent barrier layer 9b and a photo-emissive layer 10b as shown in Fig. 3. A layer 29 of X-ray-reacting, electronemissive material may cover the reflecting layer 7b of the first screen. A neutron reactive layer may replace the layer 29. The fluorescent layer may contain powdered glass, the matrix being zinc silicate, selenide or sulphide, calcium tungstate or BaPbSO4. The photo-emissive layer may be calsium oxide/silver or calsium potassium or lithium with antimony or bismuth. The barrier layer may be a suitable plastic and transparent to ultra violet. The remaining subject matter of the Specification is substantially the same as that described in Specification 763,190. Specification 763,191 also is referred to.

2. 发明专利

GB793161A Improvements in and relating to storage devices for images 未知
公开(公告)号：GB793161A
公开(公告)日：1958-04-09
申请号：GB1549154
申请日：1954-05-26
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON M D
IPC分类号： H01J31/52
摘要： 793,161. Storage tubes. SHELDON, E. E. May 26, 1954, No. 15491/54. Class 39(1). The composite screen of a discharge tube for converting X-ray and other radiation images into visible images comprises a fluorescent layer separated from the photo-electric layer by a light-transparent layer of a synthetic plastic material, the fluorescent material also being embedded in a similar material, e.g. a polyester. Radiation falling on screen 5A is converted to an electron image which is amplified in a similar screen 8, 9, 10, 11, to give a composite electron stream which is accelerated on to a perforate storage target 41. An electron beam 50 is modulated by the storage image to yield a light image on the fluorescent screen 44 corresponding to the original radiation. Penetrating gamma radiation e.g. from radioisotopes requires a pen-hole screen with the photo-cathode.

3. 发明专利

GB763191A A device for intensifying images produced by radiation 未知
公开(公告)号：GB763191A
公开(公告)日：1956-12-12
申请号：GB1367654
申请日：1952-05-28
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON M D
IPC分类号： H01J29/38 , H01J31/48 , H01J31/49
摘要： 763,191. X-ray image intensifiers. SHELDON, E. E. May 28, 1952 [June 1, 1951], No. 13676/54. Drawings to Specification. Class 39(1). A composite screen for a device for intensifying images produced by radiation e.g. X-rays neutrons and electrons, comprises an electronpervious light-impervious reflecting layer e.g. Al or Ag, a fluorescent layer of zinc sulphide selenide or silicate, calcium tungstate or barium lead sulphate, a chemically inactive transparent conductive layer e.g. thin metal or nesa, and a photoconductive layer e.g. selenium, Cu2O, germanium, thallium sulphide and the sulphides, selenides and oxides of other elements. An X-ray image incident on a composite photo cathode which includes fluorescent and other layers generates an electron image which is amplified before falling on the photo-conductive target as described in Specification 763,190. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), the X-ray image is converted by an external fluorescent screen into a light image which after a spherical correction and reflection at a spherical mirror falls on the normal photo cathode of a tube described in Specification 763,190.

4. 发明专利

GB788445A Device for examination of inaccessible parts 未知
公开(公告)号：GB788445A
公开(公告)日：1958-01-02
申请号：GB1841554
申请日：1954-06-23
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON M D
IPC分类号： A61B1/00
摘要： 788,445. Television. SHELDON, E. E. June 23, 1954 [March 11, 1954], No. 18415/54. Class 40 (3). [Also in Groups VI and XL (a)] A television system arranged in the form of an endoscope for viewing inaccessible parts of the human body or machinery is characterized by the use of a flexible light conductor for conveying the image detail to the image-signal generator. Where the generator is in the form of camera pick-up tube, it is necessary to convey a complete image of the part under examination and the conductor is formed of a bundle of quartz, rutile, plastic or other light-conducting fibres, each of which in effect conveys one image point. The fibres are polished on their surfaces and preferably coated with a very thin layer of a material having an index of refraction lower than that of the fibre. The fibres are glued together only at their ends so that the conductor as a whole retains the maximum flexibility. In an alternative arrangement, the fibres are held together at their ends by threading each through an opening in a fine mesh screen. When it is necessary to restrict the cross-sectional area of the light conductor, reference is made to the use of an optical demagnifying system to form a reduced image of the part under examination on the end of the conductor. A magnifying system may be employed to restore the image at the other end before projecting it on to the camera tube. Where the signal generator is in the form of a photo-electric cell and operates in conjunction with a flying-spot scanner illuminating the part under examination; it is only necessary to convey detail of one image point at a time and the light conductor comprises a single flexible rod. Fig. 1 illustrates an endoscope incorporating a camera-type pick-up tube 55A. 51A is the light conductor together with optical systems 53A, 54A at each end, and 7 is a source of image illumination. The whole assembly is contained within a flexible housing 66 formed of a stainless steel spiral 66a covered with rubber tubing 66b and an outer cover (not shown) of neoprene. The end is formed with windows 12 and 18 for illuminating and viewing the part under examination and terminates in a conical rubber tip 67. Pump 44 communicating with a channel 44a permits the examined part to be distended by air or fluid. Channel 44a may also serve to evacuate the contents of the examined part. Power supplies 9, a scanning generator 32A, an amplifier 43a 1 and a cathode-ray display tube 37A for the pick-up tube signals remain external to the housing 66. To facilitate placing the endoscope in position through sharply curved passages, it may be constructed so that the housing may first be placed in position and the light conductor and pick-up tube introduced into the housing subsequently. The pick-up tube may also be formed in two parts of reduced length (see Group XL (b)) comprising respectively a cathode-ray tube flying-spot scanner and a signal-generating tube with aphoto-cathode responsive to the flying-spot scanner, which are introduced separately and then brought into working relationship. The Specification describes modifications, Figs. 5 and 6a (not shown), in which components of scanning for the signal-generating tube are performed optically. In another modification, Fig. 8 (not shown), the source 7 of image illumination is arranged at the pick-up tube end of the light conductor and transmits its light to the part under examination by way of the light conductor. The light conductor in this embodiment extends to a window in the tip of the endoscope, it being stated that the window may be opened mechanically and the end of the light conductor brought forward slightly so as to be close to the examined part. The Specification discusses in general terms a large number of additional details including the use of ultraviolet and infra-red responsive pick-up tubes and the adaption of the system for colour working. The source of illumination may be separate from the endoscope. Fig. 9 illustrates an endoscope incorporating photo-electric cells and operating in conjunction with a cathoderay tube flying-spot scanner 76A. The light conductor in this arrangement comprises only a single flexible rod 77A. The construction is otherwise similar to that shown in Fig. 1. As illustrated, three photo-electric cells 78a 1 , 78b 1 and 78c 1 are provided and operate in conjunction with crossed dichroic filters 80A for colour analysis. Reference is made, however, to the use of a single photo-electric cell in a black-andwhite system.

5. 发明专利

GB763190A Intensifying and storing images formed by x-rays or atomic particles 未知
公开(公告)号：GB763190A
公开(公告)日：1956-12-12
申请号：GB1350252
申请日：1952-05-28
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON M D
IPC分类号： H01J29/38 , H01J31/48 , H01J31/49
摘要： 763,190. Television pick-up tubes. SHELDON, E. E. May 28, 1952 [June 1, 1951], No. 13502/52. Class 39(1). [Also in Group XL(b)] A discharge tube comprises means for converting an X-ray or atomic particle image into changes of electrical conductivity and a low velocity scanning beam for producing video signals corresponding to the changes in conductivity. A composite photo-cathode screen 6 comprises a thin X- ray transparent light transmitting layer 7 e.g. aluminium, a fluorescent layer 8 of zinc silicate, zinc selenide or sulphide, calcium tungstate or barium lead sulphate mixed with glass, a barrier layer 9 of mica, glass, silica, ZnF2, a metal or a plastic and a photo-emissive layer 10 of caesium oxide/silver or of caesium potassium or lithium with either antimony or bismuth. Alternatively an X-ray sensitive electron-emissive screen of lead, gold or uranium may be used as the photo cathode with or without an adjacent secondary emissive layer of silver or magnesium. The next stage in the tube may be an electron multiplier 18, 19 of one or more stages. The amplifying section 12 comprises successive composite screens each consisting of layers as for screen 6 e.g. an electron pervious light reflecting layer 13, a fluorescent layer 14, a barrier layer 15 and a photo emissive layer 16. Inorganic and organic phosphors e.g. anthracene and naphthalene are suitable materials for layer 14. Magnetic and electrostatic means focussing and demagnifying the electron image are provided. The storage target 21 comprises an electron pervious light reflecting layer 21a, e.g. aluminium or silver, a fluorescent layer 21b, a conductive layer 21c and a photo-conductive layer 21d; the materials for the latter including selenium, Cu2O, germanium, thallium sulphide and lead sulphide or selenide. The layer 21c is transparent and functions as a signal plate. The target is scanned by a low velocity beam 23 from electron gun 25 through a mesh 65 and the signals fed via an amplifier to a receiver tube 90a. This image may be further amplified by a pick-up tube 92 or fed back to the X-ray pick-up tube 1 whilst the X-ray beam is suppressed. In a modification, Fig. 2 (not shown), the electrons of the low velocity scanning beam reflected by the target are returned to an electron multiplier, and an additional helical motion may be imparted to the returning electrons so that only the scattered electrons enter the multiplier, the reflected electrons being stopped by the edge of the multiplier aperture. Alternatively an additional electrode is provided to separate the scattered and reflected electrons. The signals may be fed to a tube where they may be stored for a predetermined time before transmission to the receiver. The storage target is a metal or wire mesh upon which barium or calcium fluoride and a thin overlayer of metal are deposited by evaporation. and it is located between two conducting meshes. The reading beam passes through the storage mesh to the signal plate in proportion to the charge laid down by the writing beam, the signal current being amplified and fed to kinescopes, facsimile receivers or electrographic cameras. Erasure of the positive stored image is obtained by control of the target potential to give secondary emission less than unity. In a further modification, the X-ray image impinges directly on the composite photo-conductive target: In all systems, the resistance and insulation of the composite target are made high by using specially prepared selenium produced by condensing on a cold surface or by introducing an additional dielectric layer of mica, silica or glass between the photo-conducting and conducting layers. The tube may be made sensitive to protons and neutrons by including neutron reactive materials e.g. boron, lithium gadolinum, uranium and the paraffins in the composite photo-cathode. Cadmium or copper are also reactive to neutrons to give gamma emission which actuates the fluorescent layer. Alternatively the protons and electrons from the neutron reactive layer act on electron-emissive layers such as beryllium, magnesium or silver. The fluorescent layers may have cone- or pyramid-like depressions on their surface to give increased emissive areas. Specifications 763,191 and 763,192 are referred to.

6. 发明授权

US3400292A Radiation transporting devices provided with hollow members mounted in an array 失效
标题翻译：具有安装在阵列中的中空部件的辐射传送装置
公开(公告)号：US3400292A
公开(公告)日：1968-09-03
申请号：US49896165
申请日：1965-10-20
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON
发明人： EMANUEL SHELDON EDWARD
IPC分类号： A61B1/00 , A61B1/05 , G01M3/00 , G01M3/38 , G02B23/26 , H01J31/28 , H01J31/50 , H04N3/00
CPC分类号： H04N3/00 , A61B1/00165 , A61B1/05 , G01M3/005 , G01M3/38 , G02B23/26 , H01J31/28 , H01J31/50 , H01J2231/50015 , H01J2231/50068

7. 发明授权

US3417745A Fiber endoscope provided with focusing means and electroluminescent means 失效
标题翻译：具有聚焦装置和电致发光装置的光纤内窥镜
公开(公告)号：US3417745A
公开(公告)日：1968-12-24
申请号：US30405363
申请日：1963-08-23
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON
发明人： EMANUEL SHELDON EDWARD
IPC分类号： A61B1/00 , A61B1/002
CPC分类号： A61B1/002 , A61B1/00096 , A61B1/00165 , A61B1/00177 , A61B1/00188

8. 发明授权

US3400291A Image intensifying tubes provided with an array of electron multiplying members 失效
标题翻译：具有电子倍增元件阵列的图像增强管
公开(公告)号：US3400291A
公开(公告)日：1968-09-03
申请号：US39296064
申请日：1964-08-28
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON
发明人： EMANUEL SHELDON EDWARD
IPC分类号： H01J31/50 , H01J43/24
CPC分类号： H01J31/507 , H01J43/24

9. 发明授权

US4104647A Apparatus with two vacuum chambers for electrophotography producing image by electrical charges 失效
标题翻译：具有用于电子照相的两个真空室的装置通过电荷产生图像
公开(公告)号：US4104647A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-01
申请号：US754405
申请日：1976-12-27
申请人： Edward Emanuel Sheldon
发明人： Edward Emanuel Sheldon
IPC分类号： G03G15/32 , G03G15/044
CPC分类号： G03G15/321
摘要： This invention relates to the novel system of electrophotography. The image of examined object is converted in a novel vacuum tube into a beam of electrons. The beam of electrons is converted next into an electrical or light pattern and is stored on a movable sheet of dielectric material which travels through said vacuum tube. Means are provided for introducing said sheet or tape of dielectric material into said vacuum tube and for transporting it after the exposure to the outside of said vacuum tube. It was found that continuous introduction of a movable sheet of said dielectric material into the vacuum tube causes an irreparable damage to the photocathode of said tube. This problem was solved by the use of a membrane which transmits said beam of electrons and which separates effectively the vacuum compartment of said tube in which the photocathode is located from the rest of said tube.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及新型的电子照相系统。被检查对象的图像在新颖的真空管中被转换为电子束。电子束接下来被转换成电或光图案，并且被存储在传播通过所述真空管的电介质材料的可移动片上。提供了用于将所述介电材料片或带引入所述真空管中并在暴露于所述真空管的外部之后传送的装置。已经发现，将所述电介质材料的可动片连续引入真空管中导致对所述管的光电阴极的不可修复的损坏。通过使用透射所述电子束并且有效地将光阴极所在管的真空室与所述管的其余部分分离的膜来解决该问题。

10. 发明授权

US3375388A Vacuum tubes provided with light conducting members and with a screen of a high photoelectric sensitivity 失效
标题翻译：设有导光构件和具有高光电灵敏度的屏幕的真空管
公开(公告)号：US3375388A
公开(公告)日：1968-03-26
申请号：US38796164
申请日：1964-08-06
申请人： EDWARD EMANUEL SHELDON
发明人： EMANUEL SHELDON EDWARD
IPC分类号： G02B6/06 , H01J31/50
CPC分类号： G02B6/06 , H01J31/50 , H01J2231/50015 , H01J2231/50068

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