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1. 发明授权

US5717911A Relational database system and method with high availability compliation of SQL programs 失效
标题翻译：关系型数据库系统与SQL程序高可用性并发方法
公开(公告)号：US5717911A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-10
申请号：US377287
申请日：1995-01-23
申请人： Louise M. Madrid , Richard A. Meier , Franco Putzolu , Sunil Sharma , Thomas J. O'Shea , James H. Troisi , Hansjorg Zeller , Gary M. Gilbert , Donald S. Maier , Elizabeth G. Davis , Pedro Celis
发明人： Louise M. Madrid , Richard A. Meier , Franco Putzolu , Sunil Sharma , Thomas J. O'Shea , James H. Troisi , Hansjorg Zeller , Gary M. Gilbert , Donald S. Maier , Elizabeth G. Davis , Pedro Celis
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30433 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： An SQL program executor and an SOL compiler both include options for avoiding recompilations of execution plans whenever the runtime object and the compile time object referenced by an execution plan meet predefined schema similarity criteria. Thus, recompilation is sometimes avoided even though the compile time object has been altered or the run time object is not the same object as the compile time object. To enable late binding, schema information is stored in each execution plan for each object to be accessed by the execution plan. The stored schema information is a subset of the full object schema, and includes information about all the aspects of the objects to be accessed which must remain unchanged in order for the execution plan to be operable. While executing a compiled program, the SQL executor avoids recompilations of execution plans whenever the runtime object and the compile time object referenced by an execution plan meet predefined schema similarity criteria. When a recompilation of an SQL program is required, only the execution plans which do not meet the schema similarity criteria are recompiled if the compiled program has been assigned appropriate runtime parameters. The late binding features of the SQL executor also enable a compiled program to access objects distinct from the objects referenced by the program at compile time. Similarly, the SQL compiler includes the ability to recompile only those execution plans which do not meet the schema similarity criteria and thus are inoperable.
摘要翻译： SQL程序执行器和SOL编译器都包括用于在运行时对象和执行计划引用的编译时对象满足预定义的模式相似性标准时避免重新编译执行计划的选项。因此，即使编译时间对象已被更改或运行时间对象与编译时间对象不是相同的对象，有时也可避免重新编译。为了启用后期绑定，模式信息存储在执行计划要访问的每个对象的每个执行计划中。存储的模式信息是完整对象模式的一个子集，并且包括关于要访问的对象的所有方面的信息，这些信息必须保持不变，以便执行计划可操作。在执行编译程序时，只要执行计划引用的运行时对象和编译时对象都符合预定义的模式相似性标准，SQL执行程序就会避免重新编译执行计划。当需要重新编译SQL程序时，如果已编译的程序已分配适当的运行时参数，则仅重新编译不符合模式相似性标准的执行计划。 SQL执行程序的后期绑定功能还使得编译的程序能够在编译时访问与程序引用的对象不同的对象。类似地，SQL编译器包括仅重新编译那些不符合模式相似性标准因而无法操作的执行计划的能力。

2. 发明授权

US5625815A Relational database system and method with high data availability during table data restructuring 失效
标题翻译：关系数据库系统和方法在表数据重组期间具有高数据可用性
公开(公告)号：US5625815A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-29
申请号：US629000
申请日：1996-04-12
申请人： Donald S. Maier , Roberta S. Marton , James H. Troisi , Pedro Celis
发明人： Donald S. Maier , Roberta S. Marton , James H. Troisi , Pedro Celis
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30595 , Y10S707/99938
摘要： A database computer system includes memory, residing in a plurality of interconnected computer nodes, for storing database tables. Each database table has a plurality of columns, a primary key index based on a specified subset of the columns, and an associated table schema. At least a subset of the database tables are partitioned into a plurality of partitions, each partition storing records having primary key values in a primary key range distinct from the other partitions. A transaction manager generates and stores an audit trail, each audit entry denoting a database table record event, such as an addition, deletion or alteration of a specified database table record in a specified one of said database tables. Four online data definition procedures allow the structure of a database table to be altered while the database table remains available to execution of transactions, with minimal impact of the availability of the database table for transaction execution. The four online data definition procedures are a move partition procedure, a split partition procedure, a move partition boundary procedure, and a create new index procedure. Each of these online procedures has three or four phases of execution. In a first phase, records of a table partition or the entire table are accessed using read only access, so as to generate a new partition, move records between two partitions, or to create a new index. In a second phase, audit trail entries are used to clean up the data structures created during the first phase. In a third phase, access to the database table is briefly locked while audit trail entries created after the second phase are used to make final changes to the data structures created during the first phase, and while the database table schema is updated to reflect the changes to the database table produced.
摘要翻译：数据库计算机系统包括驻留在多个互连的计算机节点中的用于存储数据库表的存储器。每个数据库表具有多个列，基于列的指定子集的主键索引以及相关联的表模式。数据库表的至少一个子集被划分成多个分区，每个分区存储具有与其他分区不同的主键范围中的主键值的记录。事务管理器生成并存储审计跟踪，每个审计条目表示数据库表记录事件，例如在指定的一个所述数据库表中添加，删除或更改指定的数据库表记录。四个在线数据定义过程允许更改数据库表的结构，同时数据库表仍然可用于执行事务，对事务执行的数据库表的可用性影响最小。四个在线数据定义过程是移动分区过程，分割分割过程，移动分区边界过程和创建新的索引过程。这些在线程序中的每一个都有三到四个执行阶段。在第一阶段，使用只读访问来访问表分区或整个表的记录，以便生成新分区，在两个分区之间移动记录，或创建新的索引。在第二阶段，审计线索条目用于清理在第一阶段中创建的数据结构。在第三阶段中，对第二阶段之后创建的审计跟踪条目进行初步修改，并在更新数据库表模式以反映更改时，将对数据库表进行简单的锁定到数据库表生成。

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