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1. 发明授权

US06743221B1 Laser system and method for treatment of biological tissues 失效
公开(公告)号：US06743221B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-01
申请号：US10097555
申请日：2002-03-12
申请人： James L. Hobart , Daniel K. Negus , Daniel Paul Joseph , Peter Nigel Allen
发明人： James L. Hobart , Daniel K. Negus , Daniel Paul Joseph , Peter Nigel Allen
IPC分类号： A61B1818
CPC分类号： A61B18/22 , A61F9/00736 , A61F9/008 , A61F9/00821 , A61F2009/00863 , A61F2009/00874
摘要： A system for and method of performing laser assisted surgery is disclosed. Laser radiation is preferably delivered to a target area of tissue using a Er:YAG laser source. The laser radiation is delivered to the target area in bursts of laser radiation comprising sets of laser pulses. The bursts of laser radiation are preferably delivered to the target area at a repetition rate in a range of 10 to 40 Hz and with sufficient pulse fluences to cut and/or dissect. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, interchangeable and flexible endo-probes are configured with shield features. The shield features control the emission of laser radiation from the optical fiber while bending the flexible probes allow surgeons to access a range of approach angles for the laser treatment of biological tissue enclosed or within a cavity of a body. The probes can also be configured with mechanical cutters or other structures which allow for the mechanical manipulation of tissue during laser treatment. The system for and method of performing laser assisted surgery is particularly well suited for treating fibrous and/or fibro-vascular membranes (FVMs) on ophthalmic tissue during vitreoretinal surgery.

2. 发明授权

US5079772A Mode-locked laser using non-linear self-focusing element 失效
标题翻译：使用非线性自聚焦元件的锁模激光器
公开(公告)号：US5079772A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US632360
申请日：1990-12-21
申请人： Daniel K. Negus , Luis A. Spinelli
发明人： Daniel K. Negus , Luis A. Spinelli
IPC分类号： H01S3/08 , H01S3/098 , H01S3/16
CPC分类号： H01S3/1112 , H01S2301/085 , H01S3/0014 , H01S3/0805 , H01S3/08072 , H01S3/0811 , H01S3/0816 , H01S3/106 , H01S3/1625
摘要： A passively mode-locked laser (110) is disclosed that includes a resonant cavity (112, 114) having a gain medium (116) therein. A transmissive element (116), which may be the gain medium, is also located in the cavity and is formed from a material which varies the two-dimensional, lateral spatial profile of the beam with respect to intensity due to the Kerr effect. The resonator is arranged such that the round trip gain of the system increases with respect to the intensity of the beam so that mode-locking operation can be achieved. In one approach, the variation in the spatial profile is used to increase the extraction of energy from the gain medium. In another approach, the variation in spatial profile which occurs with an increase inintensity is used to decrease the loss in the system so that pulse operation is favored. In an illustrated embodiment, wherein the gain medium (116) is formed from titanium-sapphire, the self-phase modulation of the crystal is also used to compress the pulses into the femtosecond range. In addition, a prism set (136, 138) can be used to balance the group velocity dispersion and self-modulation of the gain crystal to achieve stable, soliton-like operation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种被动模式锁定激光器（110），其包括其中具有增益介质（116）的谐振腔（112,114）。可以是增益介质的透射元件（116）也位于空腔中并且由材料形成，该材料由于克尔效应而相对于强度改变梁的二维横向空间分布。谐振器布置成使得系统的往返增益相对于光束的强度增加，使得可以实现模式锁定操作。在一种方法中，空间分布的变化用于增加从增益介质中提取能量。在另一种方法中，随着强度增加而发生的空间分布的变化被用于减少系统中的损耗，使脉冲操作受到青睐。在所示的实施例中，其中增益介质（116）由钛 - 蓝宝石形成，晶体的自相位调制也用于将脉冲压缩到飞秒范围内。另外，可以使用棱镜组（136,138）来平衡组速度色散和增益晶体的自调节，以实现稳定的孤子状操作。

3. 发明授权

US4998254A Stabilized synchronously pumped dye laser 失效
标题翻译：稳定同步抽运染料激光
公开(公告)号：US4998254A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-05
申请号：US381969
申请日：1989-07-18
申请人： Daniel K. Negus
发明人： Daniel K. Negus
IPC分类号： H01S3/00 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/131 , H01S3/139
CPC分类号： H01S3/094026 , H01S3/0057 , H01S3/1312 , H01S3/139
摘要： A length stabilized, dispersion compensated synchronously pumped mode locked dye laser is disclosed. The output of the dye laser is actively stabilized by monitoring the output power thereof and generating an error signal for actively adjusting the cavity length. The operation is enhanced by actively controlling the power of the pump pulses exciting the dye laser so that the power fluctuations in the dye laser are due primarily to fluctuations in cavity length. Stability is also enhanced by operating the cavity with a negative group velocity disperison. The resultant lengthening of the output pulses is compensated by a pulse compressor, located outside of the cavity, which adds a positive group velocity disperison to upchirp and shorten the pulses.
摘要翻译：公开了一种长度稳定的色散补偿同步泵模式锁定染料激光器。染料激光器的输出通过监视其输出功率并产生用于主动调节腔体长度的误差信号来主动稳定。通过主动地控制激发染料激光器的泵浦脉冲的功率来增强操作，使得染料激光器的功率波动主要是由于腔体长度的波动。通过以负组速度扰动操作腔也增强了稳定性。所产生的输出脉冲的延长由位于空腔外部的脉冲压缩机补偿，这对正弦波增加了正的群速度扰动并缩短了脉冲。

4. 发明授权

US07220256B2 Laser system and method for treatment of biological tissues 有权
标题翻译：激光系统和治疗生物组织的方法
公开(公告)号：US07220256B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-22
申请号：US10669294
申请日：2003-09-23
申请人： James L. Hobart , Daniel K. Negus , Daniel Paul Joseph , Peter Nigel Allen
发明人： James L. Hobart , Daniel K. Negus , Daniel Paul Joseph , Peter Nigel Allen
IPC分类号： A61B18/18
CPC分类号： A61B18/22 , A61F9/00736 , A61F9/008 , A61F9/00821 , A61F2009/00863 , A61F2009/00874
摘要： A system for and method of performing laser assisted surgery is disclosed. Laser radiation is preferably delivered to a target area of tissue using a Er:YAG laser source. The laser radiation is delivered to the target area in bursts of laser radiation comprising sets of laser pulses. The bursts of laser radiation are preferably delivered to the target area at a repetition rate in a range of 10 to 40 Hz and with sufficient pulse fluences to cut and/or dissect. In accordance with a preferred embodiment, interchangeable and flexible endo-probes are configured with shield features. The shield features control the emission of laser radiation from the optical fiber while bending the flexible probes allow surgeons to access a range of approach angles for the laser treatment of biological tissue enclosed or within a cavity of a body. The probes can also be configured with mechanical cutters or other structures which allow for the mechanical manipulation of tissue during laser treatment. The system for and method of performing laser assisted surgery is particularly well suited for treating fibrous and/or fibro-vascular membranes (FVMs) on ophthalmic tissue during vitreoretinal surgery.
摘要翻译：公开了一种执行激光辅助手术的方法和方法。激光辐射优选使用Er：YAG激光源传送到组织的目标区域。激光辐射以包括一组激光脉冲的激光辐射的脉冲串传送到目标区域。激光辐射的脉冲优选以10至40Hz范围内的重复频率和足够的脉冲通量切割和/或解剖地传送到目标区域。根据优选实施例，可互换和灵活的内窥镜配置有屏蔽特征。屏蔽特征控制来自光纤的激光辐射的发射，同时弯曲柔性探针允许外科医生进入一系列的接近角度，以激光治疗封闭的或在体腔内的生物组织。探针还可以配置有机械切割器或其他结构，这些结构允许在激光治疗期间对组织进行机械操作。执行激光辅助手术的系统和方法特别适用于在玻璃体视网膜手术期间治疗眼组织上的纤维和/或纤维血管膜（FVM）。

5. 发明授权

US5504763A System for minimizing the depolarization of a laser beam due to thermally induced birefringence 失效
标题翻译：用于最小化由于热引起的双折射引起的激光束去极化的系统
公开(公告)号：US5504763A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US498143
申请日：1995-07-19
申请人： William K. Bischel , Murray K. Reed , Daniel K. Negus , George Frangineas
发明人： William K. Bischel , Murray K. Reed , Daniel K. Negus , George Frangineas
IPC分类号： H01S3/10 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/23 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H01S3/2333 , H01S2301/206 , H01S3/005 , H01S3/08072 , H01S3/10076 , H01S3/2341
摘要： A system is disclosed for minimizing the depolarization of a laser beam due to thermally induced birefringence in a rod-shaped gain medium over a wide range of excitation levels. After passing through the gain medium, the polarization of the beam is rotated by ninety degrees and either redirected back into the same gain medium or a substantially identical gain medium. By this arrangement, the portion of the beam that was radially polarized during the first pass is tangentially polarized during the second pass so that the original polarization is restored. In order to maximize the compensation, a relay image system is used to generate an image of the beam in the gain medium as it existed during the first pass and project that image into the gain medium during the second pass. The magnification of the relayed image is substantially one to one with respect to the actual image. By using a relayed image with a unity magnification, the size of the beam and the angle and the position of the rays in the beam are preserved at varying thermal loads. In this manner, maximum coincidence of the rays during the two passes is achieved. In the case of asymmetric pumping, performance can be enhanced by inverting the image of the beam prior to the second pass through the gain medium. The subject system is particularly useful for maximizing the fidelity of a phase conjugate reflector used in a solid state amplifier.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于使激光束的去极化最小化的系统，这是由于在宽范围的激发水平下的杆状增益介质中的热诱导双折射。在通过增益介质之后，光束的偏振旋转90度，并且重定向回相同的增益介质或基本上相同的增益介质。通过这种布置，在第二次通过期间，在第一遍期间被径向偏振的光束的部分在第二次通过期间被切向极化，使得原始极化恢复。为了最大化补偿，使用中继图像系统来生成在第一次通过期间存在的增益介质中的波束的图像，并且在第二遍期间将该图像投影到增益介质中。中继图像的放大率相对于实际图像基本上是一对一。通过使用具有单位放大率的中继图像，在变化的热负荷下保留光束的大小以及光束在光束中的角度和位置。以这种方式，实现了两次通过期间的射线的最大重合。在不对称泵浦的情况下，可以通过在第二次通过增益介质之前反转光束的图像来提高性能。该主题系统对于使用在固态放大器中的相位共轭反射体的保真度最大化特别有用。

6. 发明授权

US5164946A Birefringent filter for use in a tunable pulsed laser cavity 失效
标题翻译：用于可调脉冲激光腔的双折射滤光片
公开(公告)号：US5164946A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-17
申请号：US665469
申请日：1991-03-06
申请人： Daniel K. Negus , Bernard J. Couillaud
发明人： Daniel K. Negus , Bernard J. Couillaud
IPC分类号： H01S3/08 , H01S3/106
CPC分类号： H01S3/1062 , H01S3/08004
摘要： A birefringent filter ("BRF") unit, for use in the cavity of a tunable pulsed laser generating ultrashort pulses, including means for suppressing satellite pulses resulting from surface reflections. In one preferred embodiment, the inventive BRF has substantially parallel front and back surfaces, and is cut so that its optical axis is not parallel to its front surface. For example, the inventive BRF may be a quartz crystal having a thickness of 3 mm, with its optical axis oriented at an angle substantially equal to 50 degrees from the plane of its front surface. In a second preferred embodiment, the inventive BRF includes a relatively thick, non-birefringent component coupled with index matching material to a relatively thin birefringent component. In a third preferred embodiment, the inventive BRF includes a pair of thick birefringent components designed so that the ordinary ray of the first component becomes the extraordinary ray of the second component. In this third embodiment, the two components preferably have substantially equal birefringence N, and differ in thickness by an amount W chosen so that the overall optical phase shift induced by the inventive BRF is substantially equal to the optical phase shift induced by a conventional single-component BRF having thickness W and birefringence N.
摘要翻译：双折射滤光器（“BRF”）单元，用于产生超短脉冲的可调谐脉冲激光的空腔，包括用于抑制表面反射产生的卫星脉冲的装置。在一个优选实施例中，本发明的BRF具有基本上平行的前表面和后表面，并且被切割成使得其光轴不平行于其前表面。例如，本发明的BRF可以是厚度为3mm的石英晶体，其光轴定向成与其前表面的平面大致相等的50度角。在第二优选实施例中，本发明的BRF包括相对较厚的非折射元件，其与折射率匹配材料耦合到相对较薄的双折射元件。在第三优选实施例中，本发明的BRF包括一对厚双折射组件，其被设计成使得第一组分的普通光线变为第二组分的非凡光线。在该第三实施例中，两个部件优选地具有基本上相等的双折射率N，并且厚度不同，所选择的量W使得由本发明的BRF引起的总的光学相移基本上等于由常规的单折射率引起的光学相移。分量BRF具有厚度W和双折射N.

7. 发明授权

US5097471A Mode-locked laser using non-linear self-focusing element 失效
标题翻译：使用非线性自聚焦元件的锁模激光器
公开(公告)号：US5097471A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-17
申请号：US741106
申请日：1991-08-06
申请人： Daniel K. Negus , Luis A. Spinelli
发明人： Daniel K. Negus , Luis A. Spinelli
IPC分类号： H01S3/098 , H01S3/16
CPC分类号： H01S3/1112 , H01S3/0014 , H01S3/0805 , H01S3/0811 , H01S3/0816 , H01S3/1625
摘要： A passively mode-locked laser (110) is disclosed that includes a resonant cavity (112, 114) having a gain medium (116) therein. A transmissive element (116), which may be the gain medium, is also located in the cavity and is formed from a material which varies the two-dimensional, lateral spatial profile of the beam with respect to intensity due to the Kerr effect. The resonator is arranged such that the round trip gain of the system increases with respect to the intensity of the beam so that mode-locking operation can be achieved. In one approach, the variation in the spatial profile is used to increase the extraction of energy from the gain medium. In another approach, the variation in spatial profile which occurs with an increase in intensity is used to decrease the loss in the system so that pulse operation is favored. In an illustrated embodiment, wherein the gain medium (116) is formed from titanium-sapphire, the self-phase modulation of the crystal is also used to compress the pulses into the femtosecond range. In addition, a prism set (136, 138) can be used to balance the group velocity dispersion and self-phase modulation of the gain crystal to achieve stable, solution-like operation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种被动模式锁定激光器（110），其包括其中具有增益介质（116）的谐振腔（112,114）。可以是增益介质的透射元件（116）也位于空腔中并且由材料形成，该材料由于克尔效应而相对于强度改变梁的二维横向空间分布。谐振器布置成使得系统的往返增益相对于光束的强度增加，使得可以实现模式锁定操作。在一种方法中，空间分布的变化用于增加从增益介质中提取能量。在另一种方法中，随着强度的增加而发生的空间分布的变化被用于减少系统中的损耗，使脉冲操作受到青睐。在所示的实施例中，其中增益介质（116）由钛 - 蓝宝石形成，晶体的自相位调制也用于将脉冲压缩到飞秒范围内。此外，可以使用棱镜组（136,138）来平衡增益晶体的组速度色散和自相位调制，以实现稳定的解决方案操作。

8. 发明授权

US5046070A Longitudinally laser pumped laser with compensation for thermal lens effects 失效
标题翻译：纵向激光泵浦激光器补偿热透镜效应
公开(公告)号：US5046070A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US527013
申请日：1990-05-22
申请人： Daniel K. Negus
发明人： Daniel K. Negus
IPC分类号： H01S3/0941
CPC分类号： H01S3/09415 , H01S3/08072 , H01S3/1022 , H01S3/1625 , H01S3/1636
摘要： A laser system is disclosed wherein a solid state gain medium (30) is longitudinally pumped with the beam (40) from another laser (42). The laser is configured with an optically stable resonator while at the same time matching the shape of the pump beam to the shape of the cavity beam in the gain medium. Optimum matching is achieved by taking into consideration thermal lens effects in the gain medium resulting from absorption of the pump beam.
摘要翻译：公开了一种激光系统，其中固态增益介质（30）被来自另一激光器（42）的光束（40）纵向泵浦。激光器配置有光学稳定的谐振器，同时将泵浦光束的形状与增益介质中的空腔光束的形状相匹配。通过考虑由吸收泵浦光束引起的增益介质中的热透镜效应来实现最佳匹配。

9. 发明授权

US6027256A Composite laser diode enclosure and method for making the same 失效
标题翻译：复合激光二极管外壳及其制作方法
公开(公告)号：US6027256A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-22
申请号：US7173
申请日：1998-01-14
申请人： John Lawrence Nightingale , Matthew Rekow , Daniel K. Negus , Richard D. Cullins , Michael Jay Finander
发明人： John Lawrence Nightingale , Matthew Rekow , Daniel K. Negus , Richard D. Cullins , Michael Jay Finander
IPC分类号： H01S5/022 , H01S5/024 , H01S5/0683 , H01S5/40 , G02B6/42
CPC分类号： H01S5/02208 , H01S5/024 , H01S5/02284 , H01S5/02415 , H01S5/02476 , H01S5/0683 , H01S5/4025
摘要： A composite laser diode enclosure, and a method of making the same, having a first enclosure sealed within a second enclosure. Each enclosure having a thermally conductive base plate, a side wall band attached to the base plate, and a lid attached to the side wall band to hermetically seal each enclosure. The materials forming the side wall band and lids are selected so that high quality metallurgical bonds are formed between the base plates and the side wall bands, and between the side wall bands and the lids. The first enclosure contains a laser diode, coupling optics, and input ends of optical fibers for delivering the laser diode output out of the enclosures. The second enclosure contains the first enclosure, TE coolers, thermistors, and a PC board with an optical detector, E-prom, interlock circuit and voltage protection circuit. Thermistors monitor the temperature of each enclosure. The detector captures stray scattered radiation emanating from the first enclosure to monitor the output power of the laser diode. Sealed electrical and optical connections couple electrical and optical signals into and out of the enclosures while maintaining the hermetic seals of the enclosures.
摘要翻译：复合激光二极管外壳及其制造方法，其具有密封在第二外壳内的第一外壳。每个外壳具有导热基板，附接到基板的侧壁带和附接到侧壁带的盖以密封每个外壳。选择形成侧壁带和盖的材料，使得在基板和侧壁带之间以及侧壁带和盖之间形成高质量的冶金结合。第一个外壳包含激光二极管，耦合光学器件和光纤的输入端，用于将激光二极管输出传送出外壳。第二个外壳包含第一个外壳，TE冷却器，热敏电阻和带有光学检测器，E-prom，互锁电路和电压保护电路的PC板。热敏电阻监控每个外壳的温度。检测器捕获从第一个外壳发出的散射散射的辐射，以监测激光二极管的输出功率。密封的电气和光学连接将电和光信号耦合到外壳中并保持外壳的同时保持外壳的气密密封。

10. 发明授权

US5455837A Flashlamp energy control circuit 失效
标题翻译：闪光灯能量控制电路
公开(公告)号：US5455837A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-03
申请号：US310565
申请日：1994-09-22
申请人： Daniel K. Negus , Jim Chiu , Paul A. Cornelius
发明人： Daniel K. Negus , Jim Chiu , Paul A. Cornelius
IPC分类号： H05B41/34 , H01S3/00
CPC分类号： H05B41/34
摘要： A circuit is disclosed for controlling the output of a flashlamp used to excite a gain medium. The circuit functions to supply energy to the flashlamp for fixed time intervals to generate repetitive pulses having a uniform duration. The circuit includes a photodetector for generating an output signal which is proportional to the light generated by the flashlamp. During a first phase of the fixed interval, the circuit delivers a first voltage level to the flashlamp. At the end of the first phase, a comparison is made between the output of the flashlamp as measured by the photodetector and a target output level. The circuit also initiates a second, boost phase where the voltage supplied to the flashlamp is increased. The length of the boost phase is selected so that at the end of the fixed interval, the total light output generated by the flashlamp is substantially equal to the desired output level.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于控制用于激发增益介质的闪光灯的输出的电路。电路用于以固定的时间间隔向闪光灯供应能量以产生具有均匀持续时间的重复脉冲。该电路包括用于产生与由闪光灯产生的光成正比的输出信号的光电检测器。在固定间隔的第一阶段期间，电路向闪光灯传送第一电压电平。在第一阶段结束时，通过由光电检测器测量的闪光灯的输出与目标输出电平进行比较。该电路还启动提供给闪光灯的电压增加的第二升压阶段。选择升压阶段的长度，使得在固定间隔结束时，由闪光灯产生的总光输出基本上等于期望的输出电平。

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