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    • 4. 发明授权
    • Zero-stopping incrementers
    • 零停止增量
    • US5635858A
    • 1997-06-03
    • US476299
    • 1995-06-07
    • Chin-An ChangSang H. Dhong
    • Chin-An ChangSang H. Dhong
    • G06F7/50G06F7/505H03K19/21
    • G06F7/5055
    • A zero-stopping incrementer operates on the recognition that half of all digital values that require incrementing will be even numbers; that is, the least significant bit (LSB) is a binary "0". Incrementing such a number merely requires changing the LSB from a binary "0" to a binary "1". For odd numbers (i.e., those where the LSB is a binary "1"), the zero-stopping incrementer searches for the first binary "0" beginning with the LSB. Once found, that binary "0" is changed to a binary "1" and all the binary "1s" preceding it are changed to binary "0s". No change is required to the higher order bits following the first binary "0". This operation is very fast, the worst case being the case when all the binary bits of the number to be incremented are "1s". Nevertheless, the process is significantly increased, especially for 64-bit numbers which are processed by modern superscalar microprocessors. As compared with conventional incrementers using an adder-like scheme, the zero-stopping incrementer is about three times faster with power consumption less than half of the conventional incrementers.
    • 零停止增量器对识别需要递增的所有数字值的一半将为偶数的操作。 也就是说,最低有效位(LSB)是二进制“0”。 增加这样的数字只需要将LSB从二进制“0”改变为二进制“1”。 对于奇数(即,LSB是二进制“1”的那些),零停止增量器从LSB开始搜索第一个二进制“0”。 一旦找到,该二进制“0”被改变为二进制“1”,并且其前面的所有二进制“1”被改变为二进制“0”。 在第一个二进制“0”之后的高阶位不需要改变。 这个操作是非常快的,最坏的情况就是要增加数字的所有二进制位都是“1s”的情况。 然而,该过程显着增加,特别是对于由现代超标量微处理器处理的64位数字。 与使用加法器方案的常规增量器相比,零停止增量器的功耗大约是常规加法器的一半的功耗的三倍。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Heterojunction transistor
    • 异质结晶体管
    • US4395722A
    • 1983-07-26
    • US198904
    • 1980-10-21
    • Leo EsakiChin-An Chang
    • Leo EsakiChin-An Chang
    • H01L29/205H01L29/737H01L29/88H01L29/72
    • H01L29/7371H01L29/205
    • A heterojunction transistor device having emitter and collector regions of a first conductivity type separated by an ultra-thin base region of a second conductivity type. Abrupt heterojunctions are formed which are then heat treated to allow the formation of graded heterojunctions exhibiting rectifying characteristics. Typically, the emitter and collector regions are comprised of GaSb while said base region is comprised of InAs. The band gap of the emitter region is selectively chosen to be relatively wide in comparison to the band gap of the base region. Moreover, the band gap of the emitter and collector regions is substantially equal to the conduction band discontinuity between the emitter and base, and the band gap of the base is substantially equal to the valance band discontinuity and the edge of the conduction band of the base region is substantially coincident with the edge of the valance band of the emitter region. The base region is heavily doped to reduce the base resistance thereby maintaining an injection efficiency close to unity.
    • 一种异质结晶体管器件,其具有由第二导电类型的超薄基极区域隔开的第一导电类型的发射极和集电极区域。 形成突然异质结,然后对其进行热处理,以形成具有整流特性的渐变异质结。 通常,发射极和集电极区域由GaSb组成,而所述基极区域由InAs构成。 与基极区域的带隙相比,选择性地将发射极区域的带隙选择为相对较宽。 此外,发射极和集电极区域的带隙基本上等于发射极和基极之间的导带不连续性,并且基极的带隙基本上等于价带不连续性,并且基极的导带的边缘 区域与发射极区域的价带的边缘基本一致。 基极区被重掺杂以降低基极电阻,从而保持注入效率接近于一个一致性。