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1. 发明授权

US5495718A Refrigeration of superconducting magnet systems 失效
标题翻译：超导磁体制冷
公开(公告)号：US5495718A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-05
申请号：US182439
申请日：1994-01-14
申请人： James G. Pierce , Charles B. Hood , Sibley C. Burnett , John R. Purcell
发明人： James G. Pierce , Charles B. Hood , Sibley C. Burnett , John R. Purcell
IPC分类号： F17C13/00 , F25B25/00 , F17C5/02
CPC分类号： F25B25/005 , H01F6/04
摘要： A refrigeration system includes a dewar and a refrigerator/liquefier which meets the variable demands of a superconducting magnet within the dewar. The system is sized to meet average loads over a defined duty cycle, and is variably operable to meed demands. In the preferred embodiment, a first supply of fluid circulates through a "condenser" element positioned in a dewar ullage to liquefy a separate supply of fluid in the dewar, and to refrigerate a pulsed cryogenic load therein, such as a superconducting magnet. A portion of the first supply of fluid may be diverted to refrigerate a second pulsed cryogenic load, such as magnet current leads permanently connected to the magnet. The dewar includes a cold gas vapor storage chamber separate from the dewar ullage, and the chamber is preferably located within the inner core of a solenoid superconducting magnet for compact and thermally efficient design. Responsive, independent adjustment of refrigeration to pulsed cryogenic loads is made possible.
摘要翻译：制冷系统包括杜瓦瓶和冰箱/液化器，其满足杜瓦瓶内的超导磁体的可变需求。该系统的尺寸适合于在规定的工作周期内满足平均负载，并且可变地可操作以满足需求。在优选实施例中，第一流体供应通过位于杜瓦瓶中的“冷凝器”元件循环，以液化杜瓦瓶中的单独的液体供应，并使其中的脉冲低温负载（例如超导磁体）冷藏。第一流体供应的一部分可以被转向以冷却第二脉冲低温负载，例如永久地连接到磁体的磁体电流引线。杜瓦瓶包括与杜瓦瓶分离的冷气体蒸气储存室，腔室优选位于螺线管超导磁体的内芯内，用于紧凑和热效率的设计。对脉冲低温负载进行制冷的独立调整成为可能。

2. 发明授权

US06532750B1 Method and system for densifying cryogenic propellants 失效
公开(公告)号：US06532750B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-18
申请号：US09614634
申请日：2000-07-12
申请人： Charles B. Hood
发明人： Charles B. Hood
IPC分类号： F17C310
CPC分类号： B64G5/00 , B64G1/402
摘要： The present invention relates to methods and systems for densifying liquids, specifically the densification of cryogenic propellants. A preferred system of the present invention subcools and densifies liquid propellants by utilizing a countercurrent gas or liquid flow. The countercurrent flow preferably utilizes a gas having a lower boiling point than the propellants. A packed tower may then be used, at or above atmospheric pressure, to introduce the countercurrent flow to the propellant. This methodology avoids the costs and problems associated with subatmospheric operation. A preferred embodiment is directed toward the densification of liquid oxygen, with a similar embodiment directed toward the simultaneous densification of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. Systems and methods of the present invention may also be used to densify other liquids in similar fashion.

3. 再颁专利

USRE36332E Refrigeration of superconducting magnet system 失效
标题翻译：超导磁体制冷
公开(公告)号：USRE36332E
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US33946
申请日：1998-03-02
申请人： James G. Pierce , Charles B. Hood , Sibley C. Burnett , John R. Purcell
发明人： James G. Pierce , Charles B. Hood , Sibley C. Burnett , John R. Purcell
IPC分类号： F17C13/00 , F25B25/00 , F17C5/02
CPC分类号： F25B25/005 , H01F6/04
摘要： A refrigeration system includes a dewar and a refrigerator/liquefier which meets the variable demands of a superconducting magnet within the dewar. The system is sized to meet average loads over a defined duty cycle, and is variably operable to meed demands. In the preferred embodiment, a first supply of fluid circulates through a "condenser" element positioned in a dewar ullage to liquefy a separate supply of fluid in the dewar, and to refrigerate a pulsed cryogenic load therein, such as a superconducting magnet. A portion of the first supply of fluid may be diverted to refrigerate a second pulsed cryogenic load, such as magnet current leads permanently connected to the magnet. The dewar includes a cold gas vapor storage chamber separate from the dewar ullage, and the chamber is preferably located within the inner core of a solenoid superconducting magnet for compact and thermally efficient design. Responsive, independent adjustment of refrigeration to pulsed cryogenic loads is made possible.
摘要翻译：制冷系统包括杜瓦瓶和冰箱/液化器，其满足杜瓦瓶内的超导磁体的可变需求。该系统的尺寸适合于在规定的工作周期内满足平均负载，并且可变地可操作以满足需求。在优选实施例中，第一流体供应通过位于杜瓦瓶中的“冷凝器”元件循环，以液化杜瓦瓶中的单独的液体供应，并使其中的脉冲低温负载（例如超导磁体）冷藏。第一流体供应的一部分可以被转向以冷却第二脉冲低温负载，例如永久地连接到磁体的磁体电流引线。杜瓦瓶包括与杜瓦瓶分离的冷气体蒸气储存室，腔室优选位于螺线管超导磁体的内芯内，用于紧凑和热效率的设计。对脉冲低温负载进行制冷的独立调整成为可能。

4. 发明授权

US4346563A Super critical helium refrigeration process and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：超临界氦制冷工艺及装置
公开(公告)号：US4346563A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-31
申请号：US266573
申请日：1981-05-15
申请人： Charles B. Hood
发明人： Charles B. Hood
IPC分类号： F17C13/00 , F25B9/00 , F25J1/00 , F25J1/02 , F25B5/00
CPC分类号： F25B9/00 , F25J1/0007 , F25J1/0035 , F25J1/004 , F25J1/0045 , F25J1/0224 , F25J1/0236 , F25J1/0276 , F25B2341/0012 , F25J2210/42 , F25J2240/60 , F25J2270/912
摘要： A closed loop refrigeration process and apparatus provides a large flow of cold, supercritical gas through a device which is to be cooled at cryogenic temperatures. The output of helium gas from a compressor is precooled with liquid nitrogen and divided into two streams which are cooled by expansion and by heat exchange with the return flow of helium to the compressor. The two streams are recombined and further cooled by heat exchange with the return flow and a liquid helium bath. The entire output of the compressor, at liquid helium temperature and above critical pressure, is forced through the load. The stream is then expanded through a valve where partial liquefaction takes place to replenish the liquid helium cooling bath. Gaseous helium is drawn off from the liquid helium bath and recycled through the heat exchangers back to the compressor.
摘要翻译：闭环制冷过程和装置通过要在低温下被冷却的装置提供大流量的冷的超临界气体。来自压缩机的氦气的输出用液氮预冷却并分成两股，其通过膨胀冷却并通过与氦气的回流热交换到压缩机。通过与返回流和液氦浴的热交换将两个流重新组合并进一步冷却。在液氦温度和临界压力以上的压缩机的整个输出被迫通过负载。然后通过阀进行流扩张，在该阀处进行部分液化以补充液氦冷却浴。气态氦气从液氦浴中排出，并通过热交换器回到压缩机。

5. 发明授权

US4584839A Multi-stage cryogenic refrigerators 失效
标题翻译：多级低温冰箱
公开(公告)号：US4584839A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-29
申请号：US627123
申请日：1984-07-02
申请人： Jack E. Jensen , Charles B. Hood , Harold C. Parish
发明人： Jack E. Jensen , Charles B. Hood , Harold C. Parish
IPC分类号： F25B9/14 , F25B9/00
CPC分类号： F25B9/14 , G01R33/3804 , F25B2309/003
摘要： First and second multi-stage cryogenic refrigerators each have a displacer driven by a common motor so that the displacers are substantially 180.degree. out of phase. The final stage of each refrigerator has a regenerator arranged in a heat exchange relationship with counterflow.
摘要翻译：第一和第二多级低温冰箱各自具有由普通电动机驱动的置换器，使得置换器基本相差180度。每个冰箱的最后阶段具有以逆流方式与热交换关系布置的再生器。

6. 发明授权

US3937367A Gas charged sprayer 失效
标题翻译：充气喷雾器
公开(公告)号：US3937367A
公开(公告)日：1976-02-10
申请号：US580765
申请日：1975-05-27
申请人： Charles B. Hood
发明人： Charles B. Hood
IPC分类号： B05B9/08 , B65D83/14 , B65D83/06
CPC分类号： B65D83/60 , B05B9/002 , B05B9/0833
摘要： A manually portable spray tank includes a plug-like adapter mounted in the filler opening or mouth of the tank to receive and hold a pressurized can or canister containing a liquid propellant. The adapter includes a depending, elongated heat exchanger tube or trap which is closed at its lower end and which extends almost to the bottom of the tank for direct heat exchange contact with the liquid contained in the tank. Liquid propellant under pressure flows from the supply can into the heat exchanger tube or trap where it is vaporized by heat from the spray liquid in the tank. The vaporized propellant then passes under relatively high pressure outwardly through a comparatively small opening in the upper end of the heat exchanger tube into the ullage of the tank to pressurize the column of spray liquid in the tank and thereby insure its forcible discharge from the outlet of the spray tank.
摘要翻译：手动便携式喷雾罐包括安装在罐的加料口或口中的塞状适配器，用于容纳和保持包含液体推进剂的加压罐或罐。适配器包括垂直的细长的热交换器管或捕集器，其在其下端处封闭，并且几乎延伸到罐的底部，用于与容纳在罐中的液体直接热交换接触。压力下的液体推进剂从供应罐流入热交换器管或捕集器，在其中通过来自罐中喷雾液体的热量蒸发。汽化的推进剂然后通过相对较高的压力通过热交换器管的上端中相对小的开口进入罐的空腔，以对罐中的喷射液体柱进行加压，从而确保其强力从出口喷雾罐。

7. 发明授权

US06968704B2 Method and system for densifying cryogenic propellants 失效
标题翻译：致密化低温推进剂的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06968704B2
公开(公告)日：2005-11-29
申请号：US10386085
申请日：2003-03-11
申请人： Charles B. Hood
发明人： Charles B. Hood
IPC分类号： F25J3/02 , B64G1/40 , B64G5/00 , C06D5/00 , F02K9/44 , F25J1/02 , F17C11/00
CPC分类号： B64G5/00 , B64G1/402
摘要： The present invention relates to methods and systems for densifying liquids, specifically the densification of cryogenic propellants. A preferred system of the present invention subcools and densifies liquid propellants by utilizing a countercurrent gas or liquid flow. The countercurrent flow preferably utilizes a gas having a lower boiling point than the propellants. A packed tower may then be used, at or above atmospheric pressure, to introduce the countercurrent flow to the propellant. This methodology avoids the costs and problems associated with subatmospheric operation. A preferred embodiment is directed toward the densification of liquid oxygen, with a similar embodiment directed toward the simultaneous densification of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. Systems and methods of the present invention may also be used to densify other liquids in similar fashion.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于致密化液体的方法和系统，特别是低温推进剂的致密化。本发明优选的系统通过利用逆流气体或液体流将冷凝和致密化液体推进剂。逆流优选利用具有比推进剂低的沸点的气体。然后可以在大气压或高于大气压下使用填充塔以将逆流引入推进剂。这种方法避免了与低于大气压运行相关的成本和问题。优选的实施方案涉及液氧的致密化，其中类似的实施方案涉及液氧和液氢的同时致密化。本发明的系统和方法也可用于以类似的方式致密化其它液体。

8. 发明授权

US5697220A Refrigeration of superconducting magnet systems 失效
标题翻译：超导磁体制冷
公开(公告)号：US5697220A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-16
申请号：US610381
申请日：1996-03-04
申请人： James G. Pierce , Charles B. Hood , Sibley C. Burnett , John R. Purcell
发明人： James G. Pierce , Charles B. Hood , Sibley C. Burnett , John R. Purcell
IPC分类号： F17C13/00 , F25B25/00 , F17C1/00
CPC分类号： F25B25/005 , H01F6/04
摘要： A refrigeration system includes a dewar and a refrigerator/liquefier which meets the variable demands of a superconducting magnet within the dewar. The system is sized to meet average loads over a defined duty cycle, and is variably operable to meed demands. In the preferred embodiment, a first supply of fluid circulates through a "condenser" element positioned in a dewar ullage to liquefy a separate supply of fluid in the dewar, and to refrigerate a pulsed cryogenic load therein, such as a superconducting magnet. A portion of the first supply of fluid may be diverted to refrigerate a second pulsed cryogenic load, such as magnet current leads permanently connected to the magnet. The dewar includes a cold gas vapor storage chamber separate from the dewar ullage, and the chamber is preferably located within the inner core of a solenoid superconducting magnet for compact and thermally efficient design. Responsive, independent adjustment of refrigeration to pulsed cryogenic loads is made possible.
摘要翻译：制冷系统包括杜瓦瓶和冰箱/液化器，其满足杜瓦瓶内的超导磁体的可变需求。该系统的尺寸适合于在规定的工作周期内满足平均负载，并且可变地可操作以满足需求。在优选实施例中，第一流体供应通过位于杜瓦瓶中的“冷凝器”元件循环，以液化杜瓦瓶中的单独的液体供应，并使其中的脉冲低温负载（例如超导磁体）冷藏。第一流体供应的一部分可以被转向以冷却第二脉冲低温负载，例如永久地连接到磁体的磁体电流引线。杜瓦瓶包括与杜瓦瓶分离的冷气体蒸气储存室，腔室优选位于螺线管超导磁体的内芯内，用于紧凑和热效率的设计。对脉冲低温负载进行制冷的独立调整成为可能。

9. 发明授权

US4466252A Cryopump 失效
标题翻译：冷冻者
公开(公告)号：US4466252A
公开(公告)日：1984-08-21
申请号：US426518
申请日：1982-09-29
申请人： Charles B. Hood
发明人： Charles B. Hood
IPC分类号： B01D8/00 , F04B37/08
CPC分类号： F04B37/08 , Y10S417/901
摘要： The inner cryopanel of a cryopump includes a substrate having a plurality of holes such that the open areas represent 30% to 70% of the surface area of the substrate. A layer of cryosorbing material is secured to one surface of the substrate. An imperforate panel is juxtaposed to said one surface of said substrate.
摘要翻译：低温泵的内部低温板包括具有多个孔的衬底，使得开放区域表示衬底的表面积的30％至70％。一层冷冻保护材料固定在基底的一个表面上。无孔板与所述基板的所述一个表面并列。

10. 发明授权

US4049156A Thermally-responsive liquid dispenser 失效
标题翻译：热敏响液体分配器
公开(公告)号：US4049156A
公开(公告)日：1977-09-20
申请号：US610114
申请日：1975-09-04
申请人： Charles B. Hood
发明人： Charles B. Hood
IPC分类号： B05B12/12 , C02F1/68 , B65D83/14
CPC分类号： C02F1/686 , B05B12/12 , C02F2103/023
摘要： A structurally simple device in the form of a closed container and vented outlet conduit operates in accordance with Charles' law to intermittently dispense quantities of a liquid reagent in response to an increase in ambient atmospheric temperatures. The present liquid dispensing device finds particular utility in supplying liquid reagents, such as scale inhibitors, biocides and the like to the water circulating systems of air conditioners.
摘要翻译：密闭容器和通气出口管道形式的结构简单的装置根据查尔斯定律根据环境大气温度的增加间歇地分配数量的液体试剂。本发明的液体分配装置在将空气调节器的水循环系统等液体试剂（如防垢剂，杀生物剂等）中提供特别的用途。

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