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1. 发明专利

GB581274A Improvements in the manufacture of cloth or garments 未知
公开(公告)号：GB581274A
公开(公告)日：1946-10-07
申请号：GB2343444
申请日：1944-11-24
申请人： LOUIS BERNARD STRAUSS
IPC分类号： D06M11/05
摘要： A fabric, which is made from a yarn formed by spinning a mixture of wool and fur fibres, is treated with hot water or a hot aqueous liquid and thereafter the fabric while still hot is contacted with cold water and rinsed. Preferably the hot aqueous liquid is a solution of soap, e.g of a mixture of alkali soap and oil soap. A detergent such as a sulphated or sulphonated glyceride may be present. The washing treatment may be carried out at 120 DEG -130 DEG F. for about 20 minutes. After removal of water and soil, fresh water may be added together with soda ash and washing may be continued at 115 DEG -120 DEG F. A further quantity of water at the same temperature together with mineral oil and a germicide may be added. The liquid is drained off, and while the fabric is still hot, it is rinsed in cold water. The water is extracted until the fabric is damp and the fabric is then dried in a heated tumbler. The fur fibres may be of mink, racoon, beaver, muscrat, or vicuna. The mixed wool and fur yarn may contain 20-40 per cent of fur. Long or short wool fibres may be used. Knitted or woven fabrics may be treated. If desired the process may be carried out on garments such as sweaters. Ammonia, or cresols may be used as the germicidal substance. The treatment removes harshness of feel and gives a soft handle. Rinsing the hot fabric in cold water causes the wool fibres to contract and bind the fur fibres firmly. The scouring treatment removes grease, fats, and odours. The treatment brings the fur fibres to the surface of the yarn and causes them to close the pores in the fabric. This effect is enhanced by the tumbling operation.

2. 发明授权

US5472531A Insensitive explosive composition 失效
标题翻译：不敏感的炸药组成
公开(公告)号：US5472531A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-05
申请号：US385843
申请日：1995-02-01
申请人： Joseph Turci , Mark Mezger , Bernard Strauss , Thelma Manning
发明人： Joseph Turci , Mark Mezger , Bernard Strauss , Thelma Manning
IPC分类号： C06B21/00 , C06B25/34 , C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C06B21/0025 , C06B45/10
摘要： The explosive blasting composition in this invention contains 1 to 40 pert Aluminum powder, 40 to 80 percent Cyclotetramethylene Tetranitramine, 4 to 15 percent Cellulose Acetate Butyrate, 5 to 20 percent of 1:1 mixture of bis 2,2-dinitropropyl acetate and bis 2,2-dinitropropyl formal, and, and 0.25 to 0.75 percent Tri (dioctyl Phosphato) Titanate.The method of making the above composition consists of combining Cyclotetramethylene Tetranitramine, Cellulose Acetate Buterate, 1:1 bis 2,2-dinitropropyl acetate and bis 2,2-dinitropropropyl formal, and tri (dioctyl phosphato) titanate, mixed at an elevated temperature for a period of time. Prior to blowdown, the Aluminum powder is added. to the mix. Mixing continues and blowdown is initiated to remove excess solvents for the purpose of extrusion.
摘要翻译：本发明的爆炸性喷砂组合物含有1〜40％的铝粉，40〜80％的四亚甲基四胺，4〜15％的醋酸丁酸纤维素，5〜20％的2,2-二硝基丙基乙酸酯和双，2-二硝基丙基甲醛，和0.25至0.75％的三（二辛基磷酸酯）钛酸酯。制备上述组合物的方法由将四亚甲基四硝胺，乙酸纤维素丁酸酯，1:1 2,2-二硝基丙基乙酸酯和双2,2-二硝基丙基甲醛与三（二辛基磷酸酯）钛酸酯组合，在高温下混合，一段时间。在排污之前，加入铝粉。混合混合继续进行，为了挤出而开始排污以除去多余的溶剂。

3. 发明授权

US06997996B1 High energy thermoplastic elastomer propellant 失效
标题翻译：高能热塑性弹性体推进剂
公开(公告)号：US06997996B1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-14
申请号：US09665190
申请日：2000-09-12
申请人： Thelma G. Manning , Joseph L. Prezelski , Sam Moy , Bernard Strauss , James A. Hartwell , Arpad Juhasz
发明人： Thelma G. Manning , Joseph L. Prezelski , Sam Moy , Bernard Strauss , James A. Hartwell , Arpad Juhasz
IPC分类号： C06B45/10 , C06B25/34 , D03D23/00
CPC分类号： C06B45/105 , C06B21/0075 , C06B25/34
摘要： A high energy propellant, comprising an oxetane thermoplastic elastomer energetic binder admixed with a high energy explosive filler. The oxetane thermoplastic elastomer energetic binder preferably comprises from about five percent to about thirty percent by weight and the high energy explosive filler comprises from about seventy percent to about ninety-five percent by weight of the composition. A preferred propellant further includes an explosive plasticizer, preferably in an amount of about four percent to about seven percent of the plasticizer by weight of the propellant. The preferred filler is selected from the group consisting of CL-20, TNAZ, RDX and mixtures thereof. The preferred plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of TNAZ, BTTN, TMETN, TEGDN, BDNPA/F, methyl NENA, ethyl NENA and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the propellant is actually a pair of high energy propellants comprising a mixture of first and second high energy propellants with the first propellant having a burning rate at least two times faster than the burning rate of the second propellant. The first propellant includes an oxetane thermoplastic elastomer energetic binder admixed with CL-20 high energy explosive filler. The second propellant including an oxetane thermoplastic elastomer energetic binder admixed with RDX high energy explosive filter. Plasticizers and relative amounts for each of the first and second propellants are the same as for the single propellant.
摘要翻译：一种高能推进剂，包括与高能爆炸填料混合的氧杂环丁烷热塑性弹性体能量粘合剂。氧杂环丁烷热塑性弹性体能量粘合剂优选包含约5重量％至约30重量％，高能爆炸填料占组合物的约70重量％至约95重量％。优选的推进剂还包括爆炸性增塑剂，优选的量为推进剂重量的增塑剂的约4％至约7％。优选的填料选自CL-20，TNAZ，RDX及其混合物。优选的增塑剂选自TNAZ，BTTN，TMETN，TEGDN，BDNPA / F，甲基NENA，乙基NENA及其混合物。在优选实施方案中，推进剂实际上是一对包含第一和第二高能推进剂的混合物的高能推进剂，其中第一推进剂的燃烧速率比第二推进剂的燃烧速度快至少两倍。第一推进剂包括与CL-20高能爆炸填料混合的氧杂环丁烷热塑弹性体能量粘合剂。第二推进剂包括与RDX高能炸药过滤器混合的氧杂环丁烷热塑性弹性体能量粘合剂。每种第一和第二推进剂的增塑剂和相对量与单一推进剂相同。

4. 发明授权

US5798481A High energy TNAZ, nitrocellulose gun propellant 失效
标题翻译：高能TNAZ，硝化棉枪推进剂
公开(公告)号：US5798481A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-25
申请号：US743782
申请日：1996-11-07
申请人： Thelma Manning , Bernard Strauss , Joseph P. Prezelski , Sam Moy
发明人： Thelma Manning , Bernard Strauss , Joseph P. Prezelski , Sam Moy
IPC分类号： C06B25/24 , C06B25/34 , C06B45/10
CPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C06B25/24
摘要： A high energy propellant, comprising at least one oxidizer; a nitrocellul binder; an ethyl centralite stabilizer; a plasticizer; and an oxetane thermoplastic elastomer energetic binder. The oxetane thermoplastic elastomer energetic binder comprises from about zero percent to about fifteen percent by weight of the propellant. The preferred oxidizer is selected from the group consisting of CL-20, TNAZ, RDX, HMX and mixtures thereof. The oxidizer comprises from about five percent to about forth percent by weight of the propellant. The nitrocellulose binder comprises from about fifteen percent to about fifty percent by weight of the propellant and the ethyl centralite stabilizer comprises from about 0.7 percent to about 1.5 percent by weight of the propellant. The plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of TNAZ, BTTN, TMETN, TEGDN, BDNPA/F, methyl NENA, ethyl NENA and mixtures thereof. The plasticizer comprises from about five percent to about thirty-five percent by weight of the propellant.
摘要翻译：一种高能推进剂，包括至少一种氧化剂; 硝酸纤维素粘合剂; 乙基中心石稳定剂; 增塑剂; 和氧杂环丁烷热塑性弹性体能量粘合剂。氧杂环丁烷热塑性弹性体能量粘合剂包含推进剂的约0重量％至约15重量％。优选的氧化剂选自CL-20，TNAZ，RDX，HMX及其混合物。氧化剂占推进剂的约5重量％至约4重量％。硝化纤维素粘合剂占推进剂的约15％至约50％，并且乙基中心石稳定剂占推进剂的约0.7％至约1.5％。增塑剂选自TNAZ，BTTN，TMETN，TEGDN，BDNPA / F，甲基NENA，乙基NENA及其混合物。增塑剂占推进剂的约5％至约35％。

5. 发明授权

US5567912A Insensitive energetic compositions, and related articles and systems and processes 失效
标题翻译：不敏感的能量组成，以及相关文章和系统和过程
公开(公告)号：US5567912A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-22
申请号：US322863
申请日：1994-10-11
申请人： Thelma G. Manning , Joseph Turci , Mark J. Mezger , Bernard Strauss
发明人： Thelma G. Manning , Joseph Turci , Mark J. Mezger , Bernard Strauss
IPC分类号： C06B21/00 , C06B25/34 , C06B45/10 , C06B45/24
CPC分类号： C06B21/0025 , C06B25/34 , C06B45/10
摘要： The invention is an insensitive energetic composition that is an explosive and the related articles and systems. The composition has HMX or RDX as an energetic filler, a nonenergetic binder and an energetic plasticizer. The plasticizer is a nitrato-nitramine or a liquid nitrate ester. This provides a matrix with a glass transition temperature below minus 45 degrees Centigrade. In another variation, the composition can also include aluminum powder. Generally, the materials have particularly strong blast effects.
摘要翻译： 7发明是一种不敏感的精力充沛的组合物，是爆炸物和相关物品和系统。该组合物具有HMX或RDX作为能量填充剂，非能量粘合剂和高能增塑剂。增塑剂是硝酸 - 硝胺或硝酸硝酸酯。这提供了玻璃化转变温度低于摄氏45度的矩阵。在另一个实施方案中，组合物还可以包括铝粉末。通常，这些材料具有特别强的爆炸效果。

6. 发明授权

US06524706B1 Reduction of energetic filler sensitivity in propellants through coating 失效
标题翻译：通过涂层降低推进剂中高能填料的灵敏度
公开(公告)号：US06524706B1
公开(公告)日：2003-02-25
申请号：US09820373
申请日：2001-03-27
申请人： Thelma G. Manning , Bernard Strauss
发明人： Thelma G. Manning , Bernard Strauss
IPC分类号： B32B516
CPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C06B45/22 , Y10T428/2991
摘要： A main energetic ingredient filler useful for propellant-based munitions, comprising filler particles having a fine particle size of less than about 10 micrometers diameter and a thin coating of graphite on the filler particles in an amount such that the weight of the graphite is less than about two percent of the weight of the filler particles. Preferred filler particles have a fine particle size of less than about ten micrometers diameter, and most preferred are fillers with a particle size having an average particle diameter ranging from about two to about eight micrometers. The preferred filler is selected from the group consisting of CL-20, TNAZ, NQ, RDX, HMX and mixtures thereof. Most preferred is a filler of CL-20 ground to an average particle diameter of about five to ten micrometers. The preferred amount of graphite comprises about one percent by weight of the filler particles. The filler may be formed into a propellant including a binder and a plasticizer. The method of making the main energetic ingredient filler of this invention includes the steps of grinding the filler to a fine particle size and coating graphite on the particles in an amount such that the weight of graphite is less than about two percent of the weight of the filler particles.
摘要翻译：用于基于推进剂的弹药的主要能量成分填料，其包含具有小于约10微米直径的细粒度的填料颗粒和在填料颗粒上的石墨薄层，其量使得石墨的重量小于约为填料颗粒重量的2％。优选的填料颗粒具有小于约十微米直径的细粒度，最优选的是具有平均粒径为约2-约八微米的粒度的填料。优选的填料选自CL-20，TNAZ，NQ，RDX，HMX及其混合物。最优选的是CL-20的填料，其平均粒径为约5至10微米。石墨的优选含量为填料颗粒的约1重量％。填料可以形成包括粘合剂和增塑剂的推进剂。制备本发明的主要能量成分填料的方法包括以下步骤：将填料研磨至细粒度并在颗粒上涂覆石墨，其量使得石墨的重量小于石墨重量的约2％填料颗粒。

7. 发明授权

US5099008A Process of reducing shock sensitivity of explosive nitramine compounds by crystal modification 失效
标题翻译：通过晶体改性降低爆炸性硝胺化合物的冲击敏感性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5099008A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-24
申请号：US703305
申请日：1991-05-20
申请人： H. William Voigt, Jr. , Bernard Strauss
发明人： H. William Voigt, Jr. , Bernard Strauss
IPC分类号： C06B23/00 , C06B25/34 , C07D251/06 , C07D257/02
CPC分类号： C07D257/02 , C06B23/005 , C06B25/34 , C07D251/06
摘要： A process for producing very-fine crystals of a nitramine explosive selec from HMX and RDX or mixtures thereof, said crystals having a positive surface charge and being sufficiently stable to shock and to impact to meet military standards as well as having acceptable explosive power and having desirable high density. Said process comprising modifying said crystals with pyrrolidone by treating nitramine explosives selected from cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) and cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) and mixtures thereof by (1) dissolving the nitramine in a solution of polyvinyl pyrrolidone in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, (2) precipitating the resulting polyvinyl pyrrolidone-modified nitramine crystals into cold water, which optionally contains the suspending agent, arabinogallactan, and in the case of HMX, beta seed crystals, (3) filtering the resulting suspension, (4) treating the resulting filter cake with a solution of polyvinyl pyrrolidone in 95% ethanol, filtering and drying the resulting filter cake at about 80.degree. C.-90.degree. C. to remove the ethanol and water to promote crystal density and, in the case of HMX, to convert the gamma polymorph to the denser beta polymorph and (5) recovering the resulting modified very-fine crystals of nitramine explosive.
摘要翻译：一种生产选自HMX和RDX或其混合物的硝胺炸药的非常细晶体的方法，所述晶体具有正的表面电荷，并且对于冲击和冲击足够稳定以满足军事标准以及具有可接受的爆炸力并具有理想的高密度。所述方法包括：（1）将硝胺溶解在N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮中的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液中，通过处理选自环四亚甲基四硝胺（HMX）和环三亚甲基三硝胺（RDX）的硝胺炸药及其混合物，用吡咯烷酮改性所述晶体，（2）将得到的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮改性的硝胺晶体析出成冷水，任选地含有悬浮剂阿拉伯糖凝胶，在HMX，β晶种的情况下，（3）过滤得到的悬浮液，（4）滤饼用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于95％乙醇中，过滤并干燥所得滤饼约80℃-90℃以除去乙醇和水以促进晶体密度，在HMX的情况下，将γ多晶型物转化为更致密的β多晶型物，（5）回收所得到的硝化炸药的非常细微的晶体。

8. 发明授权

US5690868A Multi-layer high energy propellants 失效
标题翻译：多层高能推进剂
公开(公告)号：US5690868A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-25
申请号：US744392
申请日：1996-11-07
申请人： Bernard Strauss , Thelma Manning , Joseph P. Prezelski , Sam Moy
发明人： Bernard Strauss , Thelma Manning , Joseph P. Prezelski , Sam Moy
IPC分类号： C06B45/00 , C06B45/10 , C06B45/12 , C06B21/00
CPC分类号： C06B45/105 , C06B45/00 , C06B45/12
摘要： A multi-layer propellant and a method for making the same is provided, in ich the propellant has at least one slow burning formulation and at least one fast burning formulation, such that the ratio of these burning rates is at least 2:1. The propellant produces an impetus of at least 1300 Joules/gm. The preferred binder is a high energy oxetane thermoplastic elastomer. The preferred slow burning formulation employs RDX, while the preferred fast burning formulation employs CL-20. The two formulations are formed separately, such as in layers that are then fused, using the bonding strength of the binder. The shape may be any shape that is useful in munitions and may include one or many layers of each burning rate. Preferred shapes include a multi-layered propellant with one slow burning formulation on top and a bottom layer of the fast burning formulation. The layers may be formed from ribbons, discs, cones, truncated cones and partial spheres. The amount of binder in each formulation should be sufficient to provide a uniformly dispersed oxidizer throughout the layer. Preferred amounts of binder range from about five percent to about thirty percent by weight, based on the total weight of the propellant.
摘要翻译：提供了多层推进剂及其制备方法，其中推进剂具有至少一种缓慢燃烧制剂和至少一种快速燃烧制剂，使得这些燃烧速率的比例至少为2:1。推进剂产生至少1300焦耳/克的推动力。优选的粘合剂是高能氧杂环丁烷热塑性弹性体。优选的缓慢燃烧制剂采用RDX，而优选的快速燃烧配方采用CL-20。两种制剂分别形成，例如使用粘合剂的粘合强度然后熔化的层。形状可以是在弹药中有用的任何形状，并且可以包括每个燃烧速率的一层或多层。优选的形状包括在快速燃烧制剂的顶部和底层上具有一种缓慢燃烧制剂的多层推进剂。这些层可以由带状物，圆盘，锥体，截锥体和局部球体形成。每种制剂中粘合剂的量应足以在整个层中提供均匀分散的氧化剂。基于推进剂的总重量，粘合剂的优选量为约5重量％至约30重量％。

9. 发明授权

US5716557A Method of making high energy explosives and propellants 失效
标题翻译：制造高能炸药和推进剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US5716557A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-10
申请号：US744390
申请日：1996-11-07
申请人： Bernard Strauss , Thelma Manning , Joseph P. Prezelski , Sam Moy
发明人： Bernard Strauss , Thelma Manning , Joseph P. Prezelski , Sam Moy
IPC分类号： C06B21/00 , C06B25/34
CPC分类号： C06B21/005 , C06B25/34
摘要： A method of formulating high energy explosives and propellants, including e steps of melting the explosive at a temperature just above its melting temperature, admixing and dissolving or plasticizing a binder, and extruding or casting the resultant solution into a useful form for further forming the resulting material into a munitions. The first step in this method includes the use of any high energy explosive material. Examples of these include hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane or CL-20, 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine or TNAZ, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene or S-TNT, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene or S-TNB, HMX, RDX, butane-trio-trinitrate or BTTN, trimethylolethane trinitrate or TMETN; triethylene glycol dinitrate or TEGDN, bis, 2,2-dinitro propyl acetal/bis 2,2 dinitro propyl formal or BDNPA/F, methyl nitrato ethyl nitramine or methyl NENA, ethyl NENA, mixtures thereof and the like. Binders that are useful for the present invention include cellulose acetate butyrate, ethyl centralite, oxetane thermoplastic elastomers, nitrocellulose, HYTREL and ESTANE polymers, and the like.
摘要翻译：一种配制高能爆炸物和推进剂的方法，包括在高于其熔融温度的温度下熔化炸药的步骤，混合和溶解或塑化粘合剂，将所得溶液挤出或浇铸成有用的形式，以进一步形成所得的物质进入弹药。该方法的第一步包括使用任何高能量的炸药。这些实例包括六硝基六氮杂异纤锌矿型结构烷烃或CL-20,1,3,3-三硝基氮杂环丁烷或TNAZ，2,4,6-三硝基甲苯或S-TNT，1,3,5-三硝基苯或S-TNB，HMX，RDX，丁烷 - 三硝酸三钠或BTTN，三羟甲基乙烷三硝酸酯或TMETN; 三乙二醇二硝酸酯或TEGDN，双，2,2-二硝基丙缩醛/双2,2-二硝基丙基甲醛或BDNPA / F，甲基硝基乙基硝胺或甲基NENA，乙基NENA及其混合物等。可用于本发明的粘合剂包括乙酸丁酸纤维素，乙基中心石，氧杂环丁烷热塑性弹性体，硝化纤维素，HYTREL和ESTANE聚合物等。

10. 发明授权

US5325782A Insensitive gun propellant 失效
标题翻译：不敏感的推进剂
公开(公告)号：US5325782A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-05
申请号：US93914
申请日：1993-07-20
申请人： Bernard Strauss , Sam M. Moy
发明人： Bernard Strauss , Sam M. Moy
IPC分类号： C06B25/34 , C06B45/10 , C06B45/12
CPC分类号： C06B45/105 , C06B25/34
摘要： A gun propellant having reduced sensitivity to impact and improved burningate, comprising crystallized NNHT particles admixed with a binder and at least one plasticizer. In a preferred embodiment, the binder is a nitrocellulose binder and the plasticizer is a liquid nitramine plasticizer. A preferred liquid nitramine plasticizer is selected from the group of ethyl nitrato ethyl nitramine and methyl nitrato ethyl nitramine. The propellant of this invention may be used or alone or may also include a quantity of RDX propellant. The propellant is suitable to be formulated for an artillery application or for a tank system.
摘要翻译：具有降低的冲击敏感性和改善的燃烧速率的枪式推进剂，包括与粘合剂和至少一种增塑剂混合的结晶的NNHT颗粒。在优选的实施方案中，粘合剂是硝酸纤维素粘合剂，增塑剂是液体硝胺增塑剂。优选的液体硝胺增塑剂选自乙基硝基乙基硝胺和甲基硝基乙基硝胺。本发明的推进剂可以单独使用或也可以包括一定量的RDX推进剂。推进剂适合配制用于火炮应用或油罐系统。

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