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    • 7. 发明申请
    • SCANNING MAGNETIC MICROSCOPE HAVING IMPROVED MAGNETIC SENSOR
    • 具有改进磁传感器的扫描磁性显微镜
    • WO2004017102A2
    • 2004-02-26
    • PCT/US2003/025390
    • 2003-08-14
    • BROWN UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATIONXIAO, Gang
    • XIAO, Gang
    • G02B
    • G01Q60/54G01Q10/04G01Q30/04G01R33/0385
    • A scanning magnetic microscope SMM (20) includes a sensor (10) for sensing a magnetic field generated by a specimen (78), the sensor including one of a MTJ, a GMR, or an EHE sensor; translation apparatus (22A-C, 52) for translating the sensor relative to a surface of sad specimen; and a data processor (50), having an input coupled to an output of said sensor, for constructing an image of said magnetic field. The sensor preferably includes one to three sensing units each defining a sensing axis for sensing a component of a magnetic field from a specimen, the sensing units disposed such that the sensing axes are orthogonal to one another. Pluralities of such sensors can be disposed in two or three dimensional arrays. The SMM can be used for examining the current flow in ICs, electromigration, magnetic data storage media, biomagnetic systems and magnetic ink used to print currency.
    • 扫描磁显微镜SMM(20)包括用于感测由试样(78)产生的磁场的传感器(10),所述传感器包括MTJ,GMR或EHE传感器之一; 用于将传感器相对于悲伤样本的表面平移的翻译装置(22A-C,52) 以及数据处理器(50),其具有耦合到所述传感器的输出的输入,用于构造所述磁场的图像。 传感器优选地包括一至三个感测单元,每个感测单元限定用于感测来自样本的磁场分量的感测轴,所述感测单元设置成使得感测轴彼此正交。 多个这样的传感器可以设置在二维或三维阵列中。 SMM可用于检查IC中的电流,电迁移,磁数据存储介质,生物磁系统和用于打印货币的磁性墨水。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • OPTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF A MATERIAL
    • 用于确定材料的机械性能的光学方法
    • WO1997041418A1
    • 1997-11-06
    • PCT/US1997005956
    • 1997-04-10
    • BROWN UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATION
    • BROWN UNIVERSITY RESEARCH FOUNDATIONMARIS, Humphrey, J.STONER, Robert, J.
    • G01N21/00
    • G01N29/0681G01N21/17G01N29/2418G01N2291/011G01N2291/0237G01N2291/02854G01N2291/02881G01N2291/0427
    • Disclosed is a method for characterizing a sample, comprising the steps of: (a) acquiring data from the sample using at least one probe beam wavelength to measure, for times less than a few nanoseconds, a change in the reflectivity of the sample induced by a pump beams; (b) analyzing the data to determine at least one material property by comparing a background signal component of the data with data obtained for a similar delay time range from one or more samples prepared under conditions known to give rise to certain physical and chemical material properties; and (c) analyzing a component of the measured time dependent reflectivity caused by ultrasonic waves generated by the pump beam using the at least one determined material property. The first step of analyzing may include a step of interpolating between reference samples to obtain an intermediate set of material properties. The material properties may include sound velocity, density, and optical constants. In one embodiment, only a correlation is made with the background signal, and at least one of the structural phase, grain orientation, and stoichiometry is determined.
    • 公开了一种用于表征样品的方法,包括以下步骤:(a)使用至少一个探针光束波长从样品获取数据,对于小于几纳秒的时间,测量样品的反射率的变化,由 泵梁; (b)通过将数据的背景信号分量与在已知产生某些物理和化学材料性质的条件下制备的一种或多种样品相似的延迟时间范围获得的数据进行比较来分析数据以确定至少一种材料性质 ; 以及(c)使用所述至少一个确定的材料特性来分析由所述泵浦光束产生的超声波引起的测量的与时间相关的反射率的分量。 分析的第一步可以包括在参考样本之间插值以获得中间的材料特性集的步骤。 材料特性可包括声速,密度和光学常数。 在一个实施例中,仅与背景信号进行相关,并且确定结构相位,晶粒取向和化学计量中的至少一个。