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1. 发明授权

US06878466B1 Method for improving the reliability of brittle materials through the creation of a threshold strength 失效
标题翻译：通过产生阈值强度来提高脆性材料的可靠性的方法
公开(公告)号：US06878466B1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-12
申请号：US09670918
申请日：2000-09-29
申请人： Frederick F. Lange , Masa P. Rao , Antonio Javier Sanchez Herencia
发明人： Frederick F. Lange , Masa P. Rao , Antonio Javier Sanchez Herencia
IPC分类号： B32B7/00 , B32B7/02 , B32B15/04 , B32B18/00 , B32B27/00
CPC分类号： B32B18/00 , B32B2315/02 , C04B2235/6562 , C04B2235/96 , C04B2237/341 , C04B2237/343 , C04B2237/348 , C04B2237/365 , C04B2237/368 , C04B2237/704 , Y10T428/12576 , Y10T428/12611 , Y10T428/12986 , Y10T428/24942 , Y10T428/2495 , Y10T428/24992 , Y10T428/31 , Y10T428/8305
摘要： Reliable, flaw-tolerant brittle materials are produced by incorporating layers under residual compression on the surface and throughout the bulk of the material that act to trap and contain the propagation of otherwise catastrophic cracking. The residual compression within these layers acts to reduce the stress intensity of the cracks, thereby causing them to arrest until further loading is provided. This highly desirable stable, subcritical crack growth mode persists with increased loading until the applied stress is large enough to drive the crack completely through compressive region, after which failure occurs. The exact level of stress needed to accomplish this is dictated by the architectural design of the compressive layers such that the material can be designed to have any minimum strength desired, within the limits of the materials system used. This results in a truncation of the strength distribution, such that there is virtually zero probability of failure below this minimum value, i.e. the material possesses a threshold strength. Consequently, sensitivity to flaws that would ordinarily cause catastrophic failure at stresses below the threshold strength is eliminated. Furthermore, the potential exists for the complete elimination of the strength variability, hence improving reliability, through the creation of nearly deterministic, i.e. single-valued, strengths by increasing the threshold strength above the stresses at which failure normally initiates from intrinsic flaws.
摘要翻译：通过在表面上以及整个材料的整个主体内引入残余压缩层来产生可靠的，耐缺陷的脆性材料，其作用是捕获并容纳其它灾难性裂纹的传播。这些层内的残余压缩作用是降低裂纹的应力强度，从而使其停止，直至提供进一步的加载。这种非常理想的稳定的亚临界裂纹扩展模式持续增加负载，直到施加的应力足够大以通过压缩区域完全驱动裂纹，之后发生故障。实现这一点所需的精确应力水平由压缩层的结构设计决定，使得材料可以在所使用的材料系统的限度内被设计成具有所需的任何最小强度。这导致强度分布的截断，使得在该最小值之下几乎没有故障概率为零，即该材料具有阈值强度。因此，消除了通常在低于阈值强度的应力下导致灾难性故障的缺陷的敏感性。此外，通过增加阈值强度高于通常从内在缺陷引发的应力的阈值强度，存在完全消除强度变异性，从而提高可靠性的潜力，通过产生几乎确定性的即单值的强度。

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