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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Ultrasonic characterization of polymer melts under processing conditions
    • 聚合物的超声波表征在加工条件下熔化
    • US5433112A
    • 1995-07-18
    • US952979
    • 1992-09-29
    • Luc PicheAndre HamelRichard GendronMichel DumoulinJacques Tatibouet
    • Luc PicheAndre HamelRichard GendronMichel DumoulinJacques Tatibouet
    • G01N29/024G01N29/032G01N29/18G01N29/20
    • G01N29/032G01N29/024G01N2291/022G01N2291/0252G01N2291/0421G01N2291/102
    • A method and apparatus for ultrasonically characterizing a polymer melt flowing in a predetermined direction between two opposed parallel surfaces spaced from one another to define a gap filled with polymer are disclosed. Ultrasonic pulses are propagated through the polymer melt between the two surfaces in a direction normal to the direction of flow for interaction with the polymer, the ultrasonic pulses having a duration such as to prevent successive echoes from overlapping with one another while reverberating between the two surfaces. The time delay between two echoes exiting from the polymer melt and generated from each pulse having interacted with the polymer is continuously monitored while simultaneously monitoring amplitude variations of the two echoes, to provide output signals representative of ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in the polymer melt. These output signals are processed to obtain data comprising ultrasonic velocity and attenuation values measured simultaneously as a function of time. The data is then processed to derive quantitative information relating to viscoelastic properties, structure or composition of the polymer, which can be used as input data in a closed-loop process control system.
    • 公开了一种用于超声波表征在预定方向上流动的聚合物熔体彼此间隔开的两个相对平行表面以限定填充有聚合物的间隙的方法和装置。 超声波脉冲沿着垂直于流动方向的方向在两个表面之间通过聚合物熔体传播,以与聚合物相互作用,超声波脉冲具有持续时间,以防止连续回波彼此重叠,同时在两个表面之间混响 。 连续地监测从聚合物熔体排出并从与聚合物相互作用的每个脉冲产生的两个回波之间的时间延迟,同时监测两个回波的振幅变化,以提供表示聚合物熔体中的超声波速度和衰减的输出信号。 处理这些输出信号以获得包括作为时间的函数同时测量的超声波速度和衰减值的数据。 然后处理数据以获得与聚合物的粘弹性质,结构或组成有关的定量信息,其可以用作闭环过程控制系统中的输入数据。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Optical distributor
    • 光分配器
    • US5353145A
    • 1994-10-04
    • US973759
    • 1992-11-09
    • Emile Le CoquilAndre Hamel
    • Emile Le CoquilAndre Hamel
    • H04J14/00H04B10/02H04J14/02H04Q11/00H04J14/08
    • H04Q11/0001H04Q11/0066
    • An optical distributor which comprises M inputs (M>1) each receiving signals. M modules (MT1 to MT4) are connected to the M inputs and each simultaneously process N consecutive signals (N>1). N optical couplers (CO1 to CO4) each having M inputs and 1 output are connected to one of the N outputs. A control means (G) controls the modules and enables the distributor to scramble the signals so that a given signal reaches a given output of the distributor. Each module electronically demultiplexes the N consecutive signals, time rearranges the demultiplexed signals in accordance with the output of the distributor imposed by the control means for each of these signals, transposes the latter into optical form at N different wavelengths and switches each transposed signal to the desired output of the distributor. Such a device finds particular application in optical telecommunication system.
    • 一个光分配器,包括每个接收信号的M个输入(M> 1)。 M模块(MT1至MT4)连接到M个输入端,并且每个模块同时处理N个连续信号(N> 1)。 每个具有M个输入和1个输出的N个光耦合器(CO1至CO4)连接到N个输出中的一个。 控制装置(G)控制模块并且使分配器能够对信号进行加扰,使得给定信号达到分配器的给定输出。 每个模块对N个连续信号进行电子解复用,根据由控制装置为这些信号中的每一个施加的分配器的输出,重新排列解复用的信号,并将其转换成N个不同波长的光学形式,并将每个转置的信号切换到 分销商的所需输出。 这种装置在光通信系统中发现具体应用。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Enclosure for electric device, in particular for surge arrester,
including a molded, electrically insulating envelope
    • 电气设备外壳,特别是用于避雷器,包括模制的电绝缘外壳
    • US4827370A
    • 1989-05-02
    • US136828
    • 1987-12-22
    • Guy St-JeanAndre HamelMichel BourdagesDaniel Dumont
    • Guy St-JeanAndre HamelMichel BourdagesDaniel Dumont
    • H01B17/26H01B17/46H01C7/12H01T1/15H01T4/04H02H9/04
    • H01T4/04H01C7/12
    • An enclosure for electric device, in particular for surge arrester, comprises an outer, cylindrical envelope and an inner wall both made of electrically non conducting materials. One of the ends of the envelope is closed while the other is open. An electrode with a principal portion inside the enclosure extends through the envelope and projects outside the latter. Bolt anchors are used for fixing the enclosure on a mechanical support and for mounting a closure device on the open end of the envelope. The material constituting the inner wall is impervious to humidity and protects the envelope against breaking thereof by thermal shock caused for example by the production of an electric arc within the enclosure, while the material constituting the cylindrical envelope is a synthetic insulating material capable of withstanding a high mechanical tension. The envelope is molded on the inner wall and around the electrode and the bolt anchors, whereby the inner wall and the electrode are integrated to the envelope, and the bolt anchors are fixedly attached to the synthetic insulating material.
    • 用于电气设备的外壳,特别是用于电涌放电器的外壳包括外部圆柱形外壳和内壁,均由非导电材料制成。 信封的一端封闭,另一端打开。 外壳内部具有主要部分的电极延伸穿过信封,并在外部延伸出来。 螺栓锚固件用于将外壳固定在机械支架上,并用于将封闭装置安装在信封的开口端。 构成内壁的材料不受湿度影响,并且通过例如通过在外壳内产生电弧而引起的热冲击来保护外壳免受其破裂,而构成圆柱形外壳的材料是能够承受 机械张力高。 信封被模制在内壁上并围绕电极和螺栓锚固,由此将内壁和电极整合到外壳中,并且螺栓锚固件固定地连接到合成绝缘材料上。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Ultrasonic characterization of polymers under simulated processing
conditions
    • 在模拟加工条件下聚合物的超声波表征
    • US4754645A
    • 1988-07-05
    • US49579
    • 1987-05-14
    • Luc PicheFrancoise MassinesAndre HamelChristian Neron
    • Luc PicheFrancoise MassinesAndre HamelChristian Neron
    • G01N29/032G01N29/07G01N29/11G01N29/24G01N29/28G01N29/32G01N33/44G01N29/00
    • G01N29/032G01N29/075G01N29/11G01N29/2462G01N29/28G01N29/323G01N29/326G01N33/442G01N2291/0251G01N2291/0252G01N2291/02818G01N2291/02827G01N2291/02881G01N2291/0422G01N2291/048
    • A method and an apparatus for ultrasonically characterizing polymer materials under simulated processing conditions are disclosed. According to the invention, a sample of a polymer is held in confinement between two axially aligned buffer rods having opposed parallel end surfaces spaced from one another to define a gap filled with the polymer sample, the polymer sample being acoustically coupled to the opposed end surfaces of the buffer rods. Ultrasonic waves are transmitted through one of the buffer rods in a direction toward the polymer sample for interaction therewith, and the polymer sample is subjected to controlled temperature or pressure variations over a predetermined period of time, the variation in temperature or pressure being effected via the buffer rods. Phase and amplitude variations of the ultrasonic waves having interacted with the polymer sample are continuously monitored as well as thickness variations of the polymer sample, over the predetermined period of time, to obtain data comprising phase, amplitude and thickness values measured as a function of temperature or pressure and time, which are then processed to derive characteristic parameters providing both a thermodynamic and viscoelastic characterization of the polymer. The present invention enables one to more adequately control the polymer processing conditions, with a view to optimizing the properties of a given polymer for a given application.
    • 公开了一种用于在模拟加工条件下超声波表征聚合物材料的方法和装置。 根据本发明,将聚合物的样品保持在两个轴向对准的缓冲棒之间,其间具有彼此间隔开的相对平行的端面,以限定填充有聚合物样品的间隙,聚合物样品声耦合到相对的端面 的缓冲棒。 超声波沿着朝向聚合物样品的方向通过一个缓冲杆,以与其相互作用,并且聚合物样品在预定时间段内受到受控的温度或压力变化,温度或压力的变化通过 缓冲棒。 连续监测与聚合物样品相互作用的超声波的相位和振幅变化以及在预定时间段内聚合物样品的厚度变化,以获得包括作为温度的函数测量的相位,幅度和厚度值的数据 或压力和时间,其然后被处理以导出提供聚合物的热力学和粘弹性表征的特征参数。 本发明使得能够更好地控制聚合物加工条件,从而优化给定聚合物对于给定应用的性质。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Add - drop multiplexer
    • 分插复用器
    • US5506710A
    • 1996-04-09
    • US50640
    • 1993-04-22
    • Andre Hamel
    • Andre Hamel
    • H04B10/20H04J14/08H04Q11/00
    • H04Q11/0001H04J14/083H04Q11/0066
    • An add-drop multiplexer includes a first photodector (14), which receives informations in optical form, some of which are to be supplied to users addressees or recipients chosen from among N users addressees or recipients associated with the wavelengths L1, . . . , LN, whilst the other informations form an output flow at wavelength LO, a second photodetector (16) receiving in optical form informations to be inserted in said flow, a tunable source (18), which converts the signals from the first photodetector into optical signals of wavelengths chosen from among LO, L1 . . . LN under the control of control unit (20) and as a function of their destination, another source (22), which converts the signals from the second photodetector into optical signals of wavelength LO, a coupler (24) connecting the sources to N+1 filters (f0 . . . , f3) only respectively permitting the passage of LO . . . LN. Application to optical telecommunications.
    • 分插复用器包括第一光接收器(14),其以光学形式接收信息,其中一些将被提供给从与N个用户地址或与波长L1相关联的接收者中选择的用户收件人或接收者。 。 。 LN,而其他信息在波长LO处形成输出流,第二光电检测器(16)以光学形式接收待插入到所述流中的信息;可调谐源(18),其将来自第一光电检测器的信号转换成光 从LO,L1中选择的波长信号。 。 。 LN在控制单元(20)的控制下并根据其目的地的功能,将来自第二光电探测器的信号转换为波长LO的光信号的另一源(22),将源连接到N + 1个滤波器(f0,...,f3)仅分别允许LO通过。 。 。 LN。 应用于光通信。