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1. 发明申请

WO1994008262A1 ENVIRONMENTALLY STABLE FIBER OPTIC COUPLERS 审中-公开
标题翻译：环境稳定的光纤耦合器
公开(公告)号：WO1994008262A1
公开(公告)日：1994-04-14
申请号：PCT/US1993009280
申请日：1993-09-29
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION , MILES, David, J. , CURLEY, James, R. , GILLHAM, Frederick, J. , STOWE, David, W.
IPC分类号： G02B06/10
CPC分类号： G02B6/2843
摘要： The invention features a fiber optic coupler package (30) including a rigid substrate (32) and at least two side-by-side optical fibers (38) joined in a coupler region (46). The substrate (32) has a coefficient of thermal expansion substantially matched to that of the fibers (38). Each fiber (38) extends axially to opposite sides of the coupler region (46) to primary and secondary regions of fixation, at each side of the coupler region (46). In the primary region of fixation, each fiber (38) is separately bonded in close proximity to a rigid mounting surface of the substrate (32) using a small amount of adhesive contiguously disposed on opposite sides of the line of tangency formed by the fiber (38) and the mounting surface. The adhesive is distributed to form a pair of substantially identical masses with mirror symmetry relative to a plane defined by the central fiber axis and line of tangency.
摘要翻译：本发明的特征在于包括刚性基板（32）和连接在耦合器区域（46）中的至少两个并排光纤（38）的光纤耦合器封装（30）。衬底（32）的热膨胀系数基本上与纤维（38）的热膨胀系数相匹配。每个纤维（38）在耦合器区域（46）的每一侧处轴向延伸到耦合器区域（46）的相对侧，以固定到主要和次要的固定区域。在主要的固定区域中，每个纤维（38）使用少量粘附在由纤维形成的相切线的相对侧上的粘合剂分开地接合到基底（32）的刚性安装表面上 38）和安装面。粘合剂被分配以形成一对基本上相同的质量，其相对于由中心纤维轴线和切线线限定的平面具有镜像对称性。

2. 发明申请

WO1992015908A1 LOW COST ONE BY EIGHT SINGLEMODE OPTICAL FIBER COUPLER 审中-公开
标题翻译：低成本单色单模光纤耦合器
公开(公告)号：WO1992015908A1
公开(公告)日：1992-09-17
申请号：PCT/US1992001707
申请日：1992-03-05
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION , STOWE, David, W. , CAMPBELL, Daniel, R.
IPC分类号： G02B06/34
CPC分类号： G02B6/2856
摘要： A means of fabricating wideband 1x8 singlemode fiber optic couplers is disclosed. It has been found that a 1x7 (12) fiber optic coupler can be fused by twisting six fibers (1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8) around a central seventh fiber (10), heating the region of contact among the seven fibers, and drawing until the desired distribution of optical power is achieved among the seven fibers. Both 1x6 and 1x7 couplers can be made this way depending upon the extent of drawing. Using such a coupler in combination with conventional 1x2 and wideband 1x2 couplers allows fabrication of 1x8 couplers using only two or three separate couplers compared to seven couplers required in coupler tree structures. Further, by taking advantage of selected wavelength response behaviors characteristic of each coupler in the combination, the combination of 1x2 and 1x7 or 1x6 couplers is done in a manner to provide relatively improved coupling uniformity over a bandwidth of ± 50 nm around the operating wavelengths of the 1x8 coupler.

3. 发明申请

WO1990008968A1 WIDE BAND COUPLER 审中-公开
标题翻译：宽带联轴器
公开(公告)号：WO1990008968A1
公开(公告)日：1990-08-09
申请号：PCT/US1990000456
申请日：1990-01-24
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION , STOWE, David, W.
IPC分类号： G02B06/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/2835
摘要： A wide band single-made fiber optic coupler and method for the fabrication of the same is provided wherein at least two fibers (1, 8) are joined in a fused and tapered coupling region (10, 16, 17, 18). The taper is asymmetrical in the longitudinal extent about the midpoint of the geometric center (13) of the fused coupling region (10, 16, 17, 18) with the difference between the fiber diameters in that region (10, 16, 17, 18) changing at a varying rate along the length of the region.
摘要翻译：提供了一种宽带单一制造的光纤耦合器及其制造方法，其中至少两根光纤（1,8）以熔接和锥形耦合区域（10,16,17,18）接合。锥形在围绕熔接联结区域（10,16,17,18）的几何中心（13）的中点的纵向范围内是不对称的，其中该区域中的纤维直径（10,16,17,18））沿着该区域的长度以不同的速率变化。

4. 发明申请

WO1992011709A1 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION MONITORING AND CONTROL 审中-公开
标题翻译：光通信监控与控制
公开(公告)号：WO1992011709A1
公开(公告)日：1992-07-09
申请号：PCT/US1991009482
申请日：1991-12-17
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION , CORKE, Michael , WERTHMAN, Dean, A. , MORAN, Robin, M. , STOWE, David, W. , RONAN, Neville, J. , BEAUDET, Amy, R.
IPC分类号： H04B10/04
CPC分类号： H04J14/029 , H04B10/077 , H04B10/07953 , H04B10/07955 , H04J14/0279
摘要： For communicating over optical routes, route monitoring and protection are provided. In routes carrying signals on each of a number of wave lengths a tapped fraction of the signal (13) is demultiplexed (14) and an individual wave length is detected for determining performance and for triggering switching to alternative monitored routes (B) carrying the same signal. Switching of all wave length if one shows faulty, with either a single wave length or all wave lengths being monitored (10) is shown. Performance of a long wavelengths component is employed to determine route quality for shorter wave lengths as well. In bi-directional communication systems, performance of a wave length moving in one direction through a route determines route quality for transmission in the other direction, as well. In a unidirectional system, a wideband coupler at the transmitter is used both to merge signals at various wave lengths and to distribute energy at each of the wave lengths to each route.
摘要翻译：为了通过光路进行通信，提供路由监控和保护。在多个波长中的每一个上承载信号的路由中，信号（13）的抽头分数被解复用（14），并且检测单个波长以确定性能并且用于触发切换到携带相同信号的替代监视路由（B）信号。显示所有波长的切换，如果显示有故障，单个波长或所有波长被监视（10）。使用长波长分量的性能来确定较短波长的路线质量。在双向通信系统中，通过路线沿一个方向移动的波长的性能也决定了在另一个方向上传输的路由质量。在单向系统中，发射机处的宽带耦合器被用于合并各种波长的信号，并且在每个波长的每个路径上分配能量。

5. 发明申请

WO1991020007A1 MINIATURE FIBEROPTIC BEND DEVICE AND METHOD 审中-公开
标题翻译：微型纤维弯曲装置及方法
公开(公告)号：WO1991020007A1
公开(公告)日：1991-12-26
申请号：PCT/US1991004322
申请日：1991-06-17
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION , STOWE, David, W. , FITZGERALD, Paul, W. , GILLHAM, Frederick, J.
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION
IPC分类号： G02B06/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/3829 , G02B6/2552 , G02B6/3604 , G02B6/3887 , G02B6/3894 , G02B6/4246
摘要： Bends in optical fibers (14) can be miniaturized by reducing the diameter of a section (18) of the fiber in the region where bending (20) is desired. In one aspect of the invention radii of curvature less than 100 microns and very low optical power loss are achieved. A fiber with greatly reduced diameter (Fig. 1d, Section b-b) may also be twisted about its longitudinal axis to a greater degree than a comparable length of larger diameter fiber. In another aspect of the invention, reducing the cross-sectional area of fiber is not required. Bent sections of the fiber are thermally annealed forming stress free bends of minimum bend radius for long term applications. Any optical fiber can be processed by redrawing and/or chemical means to allow such bending or twisting. Bend or twist tolerant regions and annealed bends may be packaged separately or built integrally into a wide range of fiber optic components, sensors, networks, or systems with significant space savings, added performance features and mechanical flexibility.

6. 发明申请

WO1988009517A1 ELECTRO-OPTICAL CONVERTER 审中-公开
标题翻译：电光转换器
公开(公告)号：WO1988009517A1
公开(公告)日：1988-12-01
申请号：PCT/US1988001705
申请日：1988-05-23
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION , GILLHAM, Frederick, Jay , STOWE, David, W.
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION
IPC分类号： G02B06/10
CPC分类号： H04M1/03 , G02B6/4246 , H04M1/003 , Y10S359/90 , Y10T156/10
摘要： An electro-optical converter has at least three optical or electrical ports at least one of which is electrical. The converter includes an essentially rigid support (10), a fiber-optic lateral coupler (9) secured to the support including at least two length-wise continuous optical fibers (5, 7) juxtaposed along a portion of their length to provide lateral transfer of optical energy therebetween, and two electro-optical devices (15, 18) are also secured to the support in close relationship to the coupler. Each device has at least one optical port and at least one electrical port. One of the coupler fibers communicates within the converter with the optical port of the electro-optical device, to serve as an internal signal link therebetween. The length of the link between coupler and electro-optical device is of the order of 10 centimeters or less. Protective means associated with the optical fibers, the electro-optical devices and the internal link serve to protect the components from outside physical disturbance. In another aspect, the electro-optical converter comprises a supporting body (10, 30) which includes a first section (19) adapted to support a source of optical energy (18) and to dissipate heat generated by the source of optical energy, and a second section (10a) adapted to support a detector element (19) and to insulate the detector element from the heat generated by the source.

7. 发明申请

WO1992011552A1 OPTICAL FIBER COUPLERS AND METHODS OF THEIR MANUFACTURE 审中-公开
标题翻译：光纤耦合器及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：WO1992011552A1
公开(公告)日：1992-07-09
申请号：PCT/US1991009485
申请日：1991-12-17
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION , CAMPBELL, Daniel, R. , STOWE, David, W.
IPC分类号： G02B06/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/2835 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2856
摘要： Fiber optic couplers formed of at least two single mode optical fibers (10, 11), at least one of which is an input fiber, are shown, the fibers constructed and arranged in the manner that coupling between the input fiber and the other fibers limits antisymmetric modal energy to substantially less than 50 % of the input energy, the coupling region (20) of said coupler being fused and drawn to an extended length sufficient to cause cutoff of the antisymmetric mode energy, whereby the coupler exhibits coupling ratio stability over an extended range of wavelengths and an excess loss of substantially less than 50 %. Numerous fiber couplers of various construction, all employing cutoff of the antisymmetric mode to achieve wideband response or wavelength insensitivity are shown along with their method of manufacture.

8. 发明申请

WO1991019214A1 FIBER OPTIC POWER SPLITTER 审中-公开
标题翻译：光纤分离器
公开(公告)号：WO1991019214A1
公开(公告)日：1991-12-12
申请号：PCT/US1991003873
申请日：1991-06-03
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION , STOWE, David, W. , CORKE, Michael
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION
IPC分类号： G02B06/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/2856
摘要： Fiber optic splitters having a central fiber (18, 21) and a selectable number of surrounding fibers (10, 20) with mutual contact among the surrounding fibers and central fiber, formed preferably of identical diameter starting fibers. According to a formula, between three and five surrounding fibers, the central fiber (18, 21) has a reduced diameter, while for seven or more surrounding fibers, the diameters of the surrounding fibers are reduced. Splitters with one input and four, eight, twelve, or sixteen equal outputs, having a flattened wavelength response are provided. Means are provided to reduce detrimental phase mismatch at the desired coupling ratio as by substantially matching the propagation constants of the central and surrounding fibers in the finished coupler. Provisions for sufficiently matching the propagation constants include making the fused splitter region short; starting with fibers having differing propagation constants selected so the difference is diminished during fusing; fusing the fibers together to the extent that there are substantially no interstitial voids in the coallesced fiber mass; and surrounding the surrounding fibers (10, 20) with a transparent substance having the effect of cladding. For the latter purpose, a tube (11) or transparent optical rods assembled about the surrounding optical fibers are fused therewith, or the transparent substance is a moldable substance applied after the fused region of the coupler has been formed.

9. 发明申请

WO1989002609A1 FIBER OPTIC COUPLER 审中-公开
标题翻译：光纤耦合器
公开(公告)号：WO1989002609A1
公开(公告)日：1989-03-23
申请号：PCT/US1988003174
申请日：1988-09-14
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION , STOWE, David
IPC分类号： G02B06/26
CPC分类号： G02B6/2835 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2856 , G02B2006/2865
摘要： A fiber optic coupler has at least two optical fibers (68, 70) each having a core (52) with a cladding material (54) disposed thereabout. The fibers, in a limited length coupling region, (56) have the cladding material removed and the core exposed, the thickness of the cladding material (54) increasing in smooth transition from immediately adjacent the exposed core (52) in the limited length coupling region (56). The fibers (68, 70) in the limited length coupling (56) region are joined by coalescing. In preferred embodiments, in the limited length coupling region, (56) a portion of the core (52) is removed, the core diameter in the coupling region (58) being less than the core diameter in regions adjacent thereto, (60, 62) the outer diameter of the core decreasing in smooth transition from immediately adjacent the cladding material (64, 66). A method and product of forming these couplers or others with the fibers in crossed relationship are also described.
摘要翻译：光纤耦合器具有至少两个光纤（68,70），每个光纤具有芯部（52），其中设置有围绕其的覆层材料（54）。在有限长度的耦合区域中，纤维（56）具有去除包层材料并且芯体暴露，包层材料（54）的厚度在与受暴露的芯部（52）紧邻的有限长度的耦合区域（56）。在有限长度的耦合（56）区域中的纤维（68,70）通过聚结结合。在优选实施例中，在有限长度的耦合区域中，（56）芯部（52）的一部分被去除，耦合区域（58）中的芯直径小于与其相邻的区域中的芯直径（60,62 ）芯的外径从紧邻包层材料（64,66）的平滑过渡减小。还描述了以交叉关系形成这些耦合器或其它纤维的方法和产品。

10. 发明申请

WO1989002608A1 FIBER OPTIC COUPLER 审中-公开
标题翻译：光纤耦合器
公开(公告)号：WO1989002608A1
公开(公告)日：1989-03-23
申请号：PCT/US1988003162
申请日：1988-09-14
申请人： ASTER CORPORATION
发明人： ASTER CORPORATION , XU, Jisen
IPC分类号： G02B06/26
CPC分类号： B29C66/69 , B29C65/68 , B29C66/1122 , B29C66/526 , B29C66/71 , B29D11/00673 , B29L2011/00 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2835 , G02B6/2856 , G02B2006/2865 , B29K2033/12 , B29K2033/08
摘要： A fiber optic coupler and method for forming such coupler is shown in which the substance of the fibers (12, 14) is preselected to have a heat fusing temperature in a range achievable by exterior heating of a shrink sleeve (18), and the fibers (12, 14) are heat fused-together along a limited length region within the shrunken sleeve (18) as a result of heat and inter-fiber pressure applied to the fibers (12, 14) by exterior heating of the shrink sleeve (18). In preferred embodiments, a filler rod (50) is disposed alongside the optical fibers (12, 14) and pressed thereagainst by the shrink sleeve (18), the exterior of the rod (50) preferably of fluorocarbon plastic, having an index of refraction lower than the index of refraction of the fibers (12, 14) in the fused region. The interior of the filler rod (50) preferably comprises an elongated heat transfer element (52, 56) having a heat transfer coefficient greatly exceeding the heat transfer coefficient of the fibers (12, 14). Where few fibers are involved, the fibers are twisted about themselves and the filler or heat transfer element is substantially straight. For larger numbers of fibers, such as more than four, the fibers are loosely introduced in substantially parallel condition to fill the sleeve and are fused together by heating of the sleeve. A plastic coupler is also featured in which the cladding layer (32) is completely absent in a fused region, and the cores (34) in that region are deformed and fused together in a core-mode coupling relationship as the result of application of inter-fiber pressure under fusing conditions, preferably heat fusing conditions. Preferably the clad layer (32) is removed by solvent and care is taken to ensure that the exposed portion of core (34) has effective cladding, e.g. by action of a sleeve (18), a filler rod (50) and air spaces. Other important features relating to ease of manufacture and improvements in performance of optic fiber couplers are disclosed.
摘要翻译：示出了用于形成这种耦合器的光纤耦合器和方法，其中纤维（12,14）的物质被预选为具有在通过收缩套筒（18）的外部加热可实现的范围内的热定影温度，并且纤维（12,14）由于通过收缩套筒（18）的外部加热施加到纤维（12,14）上的热和纤维间的压力而沿缩小的套筒（18）内的有限长度区域热熔合在一起）。在优选实施例中，填充杆（50）沿着光纤（12,14）并排设置，并被收缩套筒（18）挤压，棒（50）的外部优选为氟碳塑料，具有折射率低于熔融区域中的纤维（12,14）的折射率。填料杆（50）的内部优选地包括具有大大超过纤维（12,14）的传热系数的传热系数的细长传热元件（52,56）。在涉及很少的纤维的情况下，纤维在其周围扭曲，并且填料或传热元件基本上是直的。对于较大数量的纤维，例如多于4个，纤维松散地引入基本上平行的状态以填充套筒，并通过加热套筒而熔合在一起。还有一种塑料耦合器，其中在熔融区域中完全不存在包层（32），并且该区域中的芯（34）作为施加相互之间的核心模式耦合关系而变形并融合在一起 - 在熔化条件下的纤维压力，优选热熔条件。优选地，包覆层（32）通过溶剂去除，并且注意确保芯（34）的暴露部分具有有效的包层，例如，通过套筒（18），填充杆（50）和空气空间的作用。公开了与易于制造和改进光纤耦合器的性能相关的其它重要特征。

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