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1. 发明授权

US09720067B2 Use of nuclear spin impurities to suppress electronic spin fluctuations and decoherence in composite solid-state spin systems 有权
公开(公告)号：US09720067B2
公开(公告)日：2017-08-01
申请号：US14361626
申请日：2012-11-30
申请人： Ronald L. Walsworth , Nir Bar-Gill , Chinmay Belthangady , Linh My Pham
发明人： Ronald L. Walsworth , Nir Bar-Gill , Chinmay Belthangady , Linh My Pham
IPC分类号： G11C11/00 , G01R33/58 , G01R33/12 , G01R33/46 , G01R33/60 , G01R33/24
CPC分类号： G01R33/58 , G01R33/1284 , G01R33/24 , G01R33/4616 , G01R33/60
摘要： A solid state electronic spin system contains electronic spins disposed within a solid state lattice and coupled to an electronic spin bath and a nuclear spin bath, where the electronic spin bath composed of electronic spin impurities and the nuclear spin bath composed of nuclear spin impurities. The concentration of nuclear spin impurities in the nuclear spin bath is controlled to a value chosen so as to allow the nuclear spin impurities to effect a suppression of spin fluctuations and spin decoherence caused by the electronic spin bath. Sensing devices such as magnetic field detectors can exploit such a spin bath suppression effect, by applying optical radiation to the electronic spins for initialization and readout, and applying RF pulses to dynamically decouple the electronic spins from the electronic spin bath and the nuclear spin bath.

2. 发明授权

US08815466B2 Micro-scale energy conversion devices and methods 有权
标题翻译：微型能量转换装置及方法
公开(公告)号：US08815466B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-26
申请号：US12146960
申请日：2008-06-26
申请人： Shriram Ramanathan , Alexander C. Johnson
发明人： Shriram Ramanathan , Alexander C. Johnson
IPC分类号： H01M8/10 , H01M8/12 , H01M4/88 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/1266 , H01M4/8885 , H01M8/1253 , H01M8/126 , H01M8/1286 , H01M8/2404 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/2484 , H01M2300/0071 , H01M2300/0077 , H01M2300/0094 , Y02E60/521 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56
摘要： In various aspects, provided are solid oxide fuel cells with an operational temperature of less than about 500° C. that can provide, in various embodiments, a power density of greater than about 0.1 W/cm2 and/or have an ionic conductivity of greater than about 0.00001 ohm−1 cm−1. In various embodiments, provided are solid oxide fuel cells comprising a solid oxide electrolyte layer that is both an electronic and ionic conductor. In various aspects, provided are methods of making solid oxide fuel cells. In various aspects, provided are solid oxide materials comprising a polycrystalline ceramic layer less than about 100 nm thick having a ionic conductivity of greater than about 0.00001 ohm−1 cm−1 at a temperature less than about 500° C.
摘要翻译：在各个方面，提供了具有小于约500℃的操作温度的固体氧化物燃料电池，其可以在各种实施例中提供大于约0.1W / cm 2的功率密度和/或具有更大的离子电导率大于约0.00001欧姆 - 1厘米-1。在各种实施方案中，提供了包含电子和离子导体两者的固体氧化物电解质层的固体氧化物燃料电池。在各方面，提供了制备固体氧化物燃料电池的方法。在各个方面，提供的是固体氧化物材料，其包含在小于约500℃的温度下具有大于约0.00001欧姆 - 1厘米-1的离子电导率的小于约100nm厚的多晶陶瓷层。

3. 发明授权

US10041971B2 Nanoscale scanning sensors 有权
公开(公告)号：US10041971B2
公开(公告)日：2018-08-07
申请号：US14423123
申请日：2013-08-20
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE
发明人： Michael S. Grinolds , Sungkun Hong , Patrick Maletinsky , Amir Yacoby
IPC分类号： G01Q70/14 , G01N21/64 , G01N24/10 , G01Q60/38 , G01Q60/54 , G01R33/022 , G01R33/032 , G01R33/12 , G01R33/60 , G01Q30/02 , G01Q60/08 , G01R33/32
摘要： A sensing probe may be formed of a diamond material comprising one or more spin defects that are configured to emit fluorescent light and are located no more than 50 nm from a sensing surface of the sensing probe. The sensing probe may include an optical outcoupling structure formed by the diamond material and configured to optically guide the fluorescent light toward an output end of the optical outcoupling structure. An optical detector may detect the fluorescent light that is emitted from the spin defects and that exits through the output end of the optical outcoupling structure after being optically guided therethrough. A mounting system may hold the sensing probe and control a distance between the sensing surface of the sensing probe and a surface of a sample while permitting relative motion between the sensing surface and the sample surface.

4. 发明授权

US09196449B1 Floating grid electron source 有权
标题翻译：浮网电子源
公开(公告)号：US09196449B1
公开(公告)日：2015-11-24
申请号：US14672166
申请日：2015-03-28
申请人： FAR-TECH, Inc.
发明人： Xiangyun Chang
IPC分类号： H01J23/16 , H01J31/04
CPC分类号： H01J23/06 , H01J31/04
摘要： A system comprises: an RF cavity; a main emitter; a floating grid configured to capture a portion of the electron current emitted by the main emitter; and a discharging emitter in electrical contact with the floating grid and configured to discharge the floating grid. The floating grid and the discharging emitter are electrically insulated from the main emitter and from the RF cavity, when the RF cavity is not in operation. The DC bias of the floating grid is adjusted so that the ending emission phase of the electron beam from the floating grid occurs earlier than the starting phase of back-bombardment of the electrons in the RF cavity, thereby suppressing the back-bombardment of the electrons. A floating grid can be also placed between the RF drive grid and the cathode in an IOT, thereby suppressing arcing of the cathode in the IOT.
摘要翻译：一种系统包括：RF腔; 主发射器配置成捕获由主发射器发射的电子电流的一部分的浮动栅格; 以及与浮动栅格电接触并被配置为排出浮动栅格的放电发射极。当RF空腔不工作时，浮栅和放电发射极与主发射极和RF腔电绝缘。调整浮动栅极的直流偏压，使得来自浮动栅格的电子束的结束发射相比在RF空腔中的电子的反向轰击的起始阶段更早发生，从而抑制电子的反向轰击。浮动栅格也可以放置在IOT中的RF驱动栅格和阴极之间，从而抑制IOT中阴极的电弧。

5. 发明授权

US10398018B2 Coupling cancellation in electron acceleration systems 有权
公开(公告)号：US10398018B2
公开(公告)日：2019-08-27
申请号：US15691685
申请日：2017-08-30
申请人： FAR-TECH, INC.
发明人： David Newsham
IPC分类号： H05B7/06 , H05H7/22 , H05H9/04 , H01J3/02
摘要： An electron acceleration system includes a first RF cavity, and a second RF cavity whose center is located at a distance not more than 1.5 inch from the center of the first RF cavity, along an axis. The first RF cavity has a length less than about 0.25 inches. The on-axis coupling between the first and second RF cavities along the axis, which is primarily electric, is cancelled out by an off-axis coupling between the RF cavities off the axis, which is primarily magnetic. In this way, the net RF coupling between the RF cavities is zero. The phase and amplitude of the first and second RF cavities are each independently adjustable.

6. 发明授权

US09829557B2 Use of nuclear spin impurities to suppress electronic spin fluctuations and decoherence in composite solid-state spin systems 有权
公开(公告)号：US09829557B2
公开(公告)日：2017-11-28
申请号：US15635701
申请日：2017-06-28
申请人： Ronald L. Walsworth , Nir Bar-Gill , Chinmay Belthangady , Linh My Pham
发明人： Ronald L. Walsworth , Nir Bar-Gill , Chinmay Belthangady , Linh My Pham
IPC分类号： G11C11/00 , G01R33/58 , G01R33/12 , G01R33/24
CPC分类号： G01R33/58 , G01R33/1284 , G01R33/24 , G01R33/4616 , G01R33/60
摘要： A solid state electronic spin system contains electronic spins disposed within a solid state lattice and coupled to an electronic spin bath and a nuclear spin bath, where the electronic spin bath composed of electronic spin impurities and the nuclear spin bath composed of nuclear spin impurities. The concentration of nuclear spin impurities in the nuclear spin bath is controlled to a value chosen so as to allow the nuclear spin impurities to effect a suppression of spin fluctuations and spin decoherence caused by the electronic spin bath. Sensing devices such as magnetic field detectors can exploit such a spin bath suppression effect, by applying optical radiation to the electronic spins for initialization and readout, and applying RF pulses to dynamically decouple the electronic spins from the electronic spin bath and the nuclear spin bath.

7. 发明授权

US09620803B2 Solid oxide fuel cell with reinforced electrolyte membrane 有权
公开(公告)号：US09620803B2
公开(公告)日：2017-04-11
申请号：US14645373
申请日：2015-03-11
申请人： Shriram Ramanathan , Alexander C. Johnson
发明人： Shriram Ramanathan , Alexander C. Johnson
IPC分类号： H01M8/12 , H01M8/124 , H01M8/1246 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/1226 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0297 , H01M8/1253 , H01M8/126
CPC分类号： H01M8/124 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0271 , H01M8/0297 , H01M8/1213 , H01M8/1226 , H01M8/1246 , H01M8/1253 , H01M8/126 , H01M8/1266 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M2300/0077 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A solid oxide fuel cell has a reinforced membrane-electrode assembly. The solid oxide fuel cell includes a first electrode layer, a second electrode layer, and an electrolyte membrane disposed between the first and second electrode layers. The solid oxide fuel cell further includes a gas-permeable structure adjacent to one or both of the electrode layers, for mechanical stabilization.

8. 发明授权

US09515256B2 Phase transition devices and smart capacitive devices 有权
标题翻译：相变器件和智能电容器件
公开(公告)号：US09515256B2
公开(公告)日：2016-12-06
申请号：US14816208
申请日：2015-08-03
申请人： Shriram Ramanathan , Dmitry Ruzmetov , Venkatesh Narayanamurti , Changhyun Ko
发明人： Shriram Ramanathan , Dmitry Ruzmetov , Venkatesh Narayanamurti , Changhyun Ko
IPC分类号： H01L45/00 , G11C11/16 , G11C13/00 , H01L27/24 , H01L29/66 , H01L49/00 , H01L49/02
CPC分类号： H01L45/1206 , G11C11/16 , G11C13/0007 , G11C2213/32 , G11C2213/34 , G11C2213/53 , H01L27/2463 , H01L28/20 , H01L28/40 , H01L29/66984 , H01L45/04 , H01L45/06 , H01L45/12 , H01L45/1226 , H01L45/1233 , H01L45/1253 , H01L45/146 , H01L45/147 , H01L45/1616 , H01L45/1625 , H01L45/1641 , H01L45/1675 , H01L49/003
摘要： Phase transition devices may include a functional layer made of functional material that can undergo a change in conductance in response to an external stimulus such as an electric or magnetic or optical field, or heat. The functional material transitions between a conducting state and a non-conducting state, upon application of the external stimulus. A capacitive device may include a functional layer between a top electrode and a bottom electrode, and a dielectric layer between the functional layer and the top electrode. A three terminal phase transition switch may include a functional layer, for example a conductive oxide channel, deposited between a source and a drain, and a gate dielectric layer and a gate electrode deposited on the functional layer. An array of phase transition switches and/or capacitive devices may be formed on a substrate, which may be made of inexpensive flexible material.
摘要翻译：相变装置可以包括由功能材料制成的功能层，该功能层可以响应于诸如电场或磁场或光场或热的外部刺激而经历电导变化。在施加外部刺激时，功能材料在导电状态和非导通状态之间转变。电容性器件可以包括在顶部电极和底部电极之间的功能层，以及功能层和顶部电极之间的介电层。三端相变开关可以包括沉积在源极和漏极之间的功能层，例如导电氧化物沟道，以及沉积在功能层上的栅极电介质层和栅电极。可以在可由廉价的柔性材料制成的衬底上形成相转变开关和/或电容性器件的阵列。

9. 发明授权

US09157859B2 Efficient fluorescence detection in solid state spin systems 有权
标题翻译：在固态自旋系统中有效的荧光检测
公开(公告)号：US09157859B2
公开(公告)日：2015-10-13
申请号：US14125068
申请日：2012-06-13
申请人： Ronald Walsworth , David Lesage
发明人： Ronald Walsworth , David Lesage
IPC分类号： G01N21/64 , G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N21/645 , G01N21/6489 , G01N21/87 , G01R33/1284
摘要： Efficient fluorescence detection is achieved by optically guiding fluorescence light generated by color centers within a sample to photodetectors outside the sample. A fluorescence detection system may use a sample containing one or more fluorescence color centers that emit fluorescent light when irradiated with excitation light from an optical source. The sample has an index of refraction greater than its surrounding medium. The sample may include one or more output faces and further include at least two opposing faces configured to internally reflect the fluorescent light emitted by the fluorescent color centers, and to optically guide the emitted fluorescent light to the one or more output faces. The fluorescence detection system may include one or more optical detector configured to receive fluorescent light emitted through the one or more output faces, and a microwave source configured to manipulate the electronic spin of the fluorescent color centers.
摘要翻译：通过将样品内的颜色中心产生的荧光光学引导到样品外的光电探测器来实现高效荧光检测。荧光检测系统可以使用含有一个或多个荧光色中心的样品，其在用来自光源的激发光照射时发出荧光。样品的折射率大于其周围的介质。样品可以包括一个或多个输出面，并且还包括被配置为在内部反射由荧光色中心发射的荧光的至少两个相对面，并且将发射的荧光光学引导到一个或多个输出面。荧光检测系统可以包括被配置为接收通过一个或多个输出面发射的荧光的一个或多个光学检测器和被配置为操纵荧光色中心的电子自旋的微波源。

10. 发明授权

US10600959B2 Dopant-driven phase transitions in correlated metal oxides 有权
公开(公告)号：US10600959B2
公开(公告)日：2020-03-24
申请号：US15026592
申请日：2014-10-31
申请人： PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE
发明人： Jian Shi , You Zhou , Shriram Ramanathan
IPC分类号： H01L45/00 , H01L39/12 , G11C13/00
摘要： Reversible phase transitions of exceptional magnitude may be induced in correlated metal oxides by altering their chemical compositions through reversible introduction of dopant ions and electronic carriers into the correlated metal oxides. One or more catalyst electrodes may be deposited onto a surface of a film of a correlated metal oxide such as a perovskite or a transition metal oxide. Dopant ions and electronic carriers may be electrochemically introduced into the catalyst-deposited correlated metal oxide, for example by annealing the catalyst-deposited film of correlated metal oxide in a chamber containing the dopant molecules. In this way, a reversible phase transition of about five to eight orders of magnitude may be induced.

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