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    • 77. 发明授权
    • Manufacturing method for cellulose ether having high degree of
substitution
    • 具有高取代度的纤维素醚的制造方法
    • US4582899A
    • 1986-04-15
    • US720927
    • 1985-04-08
    • Hiroyuki Nakamura
    • Hiroyuki Nakamura
    • C08B11/04C08B11/187C08B13/00C08B11/00C08B11/16C08B11/18
    • C08B11/04C08B11/187C08B13/00
    • A manufacturing method for cellulose ether having a high degree of substitution characterized in that an etherifying agent represented by a general formula RCH.sub.2 X (where R is aromatic group, heterocyclic group, vinyl group or ethynyl group or the same group substituted and X is chlorine or bromine) is reacted with a uniform solution of cellulose acetate having a degree of substitution of 2.0 and over in an organic solvent in the presence of a base to manufacture a highly substituted cellulose ether having a degree of substitution of 2.0 and over per anhydrous glucose unit by a one stage reaction at a good yield.As a general method for manufacturing cellulose ether, a method for reacting an etherifying agent with alkali cellulose is now in use. For the general method, several improved methods have been proposed. However, it is difficult to manufacture cellulose ether having a degree of substitution of 2.5 and over by a one stage reaction using the general method. As manufacturing methods for cellulose ether other than the general method, a method for using a solvent-soluble cellulose derivative as the raw material and a method for using a special solvent in which cellulose is soluble were proposed. However, the former had a defect of a low yield and the latter had a defect of too long a reaction time.
    • 具有高取代度的纤维素醚的制造方法,其特征在于,由通式RCH2X(其中R是芳族基,杂环基,乙烯基或乙炔基或与之相同基团取代的醚化剂)和X是氯或溴 )与有机溶剂中的取代基为2.0以上的醋酸纤维素的均匀溶液在碱的存在下反应,以通过以下方式制备高度取代的取代度为2.0的纤维素醚 一个阶段的反应以良好的收益率。 作为制造纤维素醚的一般方法,现在使用醚化剂与碱纤维素反应的方法。 对于一般方法,已经提出了几种改进的方法。 然而,通过一般方法,难以通过一步反应制造取代度为2.5以上的纤维素醚。 作为除一般方法以外的纤维素醚的制造方法,提出了使用溶剂可溶性纤维素衍生物作为原料的方法和使用其中可溶解纤维素的特殊溶剂的方法。 然而,前者具有低产量的缺点,后者具有反应时间太长的缺点。
    • 78. 发明授权
    • Refrigerator
    • 冰箱
    • US4337399A
    • 1982-06-29
    • US104802
    • 1979-12-18
    • Hiroyuki NakamuraShuniti Nakaya
    • Hiroyuki NakamuraShuniti Nakaya
    • F01B29/10F25B9/06B60H3/04H02P9/04
    • F25B9/06F01B29/10F25B2400/141
    • Disclosed is a refrigerator which comprises a plurality of reciprocating motion type expansion engines, a converter mechanism, a speed-up mechanism, and a energy converting mechanism. The engines and the three mechanisms are assembled solidly so that they are successively direct-coupled in a main direction substantially parallel to a direction in which pistons of the engines reciprocate. The converter mechanism converts reciprocating motion of the pistons into rotation by means of a cylindrical cam with an output shaft extending along the main direction, the speed-up mechanism increases the rotation speed of the cylindrical cam and rotates the output shaft at high speed, and the energy converting mechanism includes a generator section having a rotor direct-coupled to the output shaft, electric power generated at the generator section being consumed by an electric load located in a suitable position when the rotor is rotated at high speed.
    • 公开了一种包括多个往复运动型膨胀发动机,转换器机构,加速机构和能量转换机构的冰箱。 发动机和三个机构被牢固地组装,使得它们在大致平行于发动机的活塞往复运动的方向的主方向上连续地直接联接。 转换机构通过沿着主方向延伸的输出轴的圆柱形凸轮将活塞的往复运动转换为旋转,加速机构增加了圆柱形凸轮的转速并高速旋转输出轴, 能量转换机构包括具有直接耦合到输出轴的转子的发电机部分,当发电机部分产生的电力在转子高速旋转时被位于适当位置的电负载消耗。