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61. 发明授权

US07322251B2 Method and apparatus for measuring a parameter of a high temperature fluid flowing within a pipe using an array of piezoelectric based flow sensors 有权
标题翻译：用于使用基于压电的流量传感器的阵列测量在管内流动的高温流体的参数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07322251B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-29
申请号：US10909612
申请日：2004-08-02
申请人： Daniel L. Gysling , Michael A. Davis , James R. Dunphy , Paul F. Croteau , Robert J. Maron
发明人： Daniel L. Gysling , Michael A. Davis , James R. Dunphy , Paul F. Croteau , Robert J. Maron
IPC分类号： G01F1/66
CPC分类号： G01F1/662 , G01F1/7082 , G01F1/712 , G01F1/74
摘要： A method, apparatus and system are provided to measure the process flow of a fluid or medium traveling in a pipe. The system and apparatus feature a standoff and piezoelectric-based sensor arrangement having a plurality of standoffs arranged on a pipe and a plurality of sensor bands, each arranged on a respective plurality of standoffs, each having at least one sensor made of piezoelectric material arranged thereon to detect unsteady pressure disturbances in the process flow in the pipe which in turn can be converted to the velocity of and/or speed of sound propagating within the pipe, and a cooling tube arranged in relation to the plurality of standoffs for actively cooling the sensor band; and further comprise a processing module for converting one or more sensor signals into a measurement containing information about the flow of the fluid or medium traveling in the pipe, as well as a pump and heat exchanger for processing the cooling fluid flowing through the cooling tube. The processing includes maintaining the cooling fluid at a desired operating temperature.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法，装置和系统来测量在管道中行进的流体或介质的工艺流程。该系统和装置具有一个支座和基于压电的传感器装置，其具有布置在管道上的多个支座和多个传感器带，每个传感器带布置在相应的多个支座上，每个支架具有至少一个由压电材料制成的传感器以检测管道中的过程流动中的不稳定的压力扰动，其又可以转换成在管道内传播的声音的速度和/或速度，以及相对于多个支座布置的冷却管，用于主动冷却传感器带; 并且还包括用于将一个或多个传感器信号转换成包含关于在管道中流动的流体或介质的流动的信息的测量的处理模块，以及用于处理流过冷却管的冷却流体的泵和热交换器。该处理包括将冷却流体保持在期望的操作温度。

62. 发明授权

US07322245B2 Apparatus and method for measuring a fluid flowing in a pipe using acoustic pressures 有权
标题翻译：使用声压来测量在管道中流动的流体的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07322245B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-29
申请号：US11295250
申请日：2005-12-05
申请人： Daniel L. Gysling , Alan D. Kersey , James D. Paduano
发明人： Daniel L. Gysling , Alan D. Kersey , James D. Paduano
IPC分类号： G01N29/00 , G01H5/00
CPC分类号： G01H5/00 , G01N29/024 , G01N29/42 , G01N29/46 , G01N2291/0217 , G01N2291/0222 , G01N2291/0224 , G01N2291/02836 , G01N2291/02845 , G01N2291/02872 , G01N2291/106
摘要： In industrial sensing applications at least one parameter of at least one fluid in a pipe 12 is measured using a spatial array of acoustic pressure sensors 14,16,18 placed at predetermined axial locations x1, x2, x3 along the pipe 12. The pressure sensors 14,16,18 provide acoustic pressure signals P1(t), P2(t), P3(t) on lines 20,22,24 which are provided to signal processing logic 60 which determines the speed of sound amix of the fluid (or mixture) in the pipe 12 using acoustic spatial array signal processing techniques with the direction of propagation of the acoustic signals along the longitudinal axis of the pipe 12. Numerous spatial array-processing techniques may be employed to determine the speed of sound amix. The speed of sound amix is provided to logic 48, which calculates the percent composition of the mixture, e.g., water fraction, or any other parameter of the mixture, or fluid, which is related to the sound speed amix. The logic 60 may also determine the Mach number Mx of the fluid. The acoustic pressure signals P1(t), P2(t), P3(t) measured are lower frequency (and longer wavelength) signals than those used for ultrasonic flow meters, and thus is more tolerant to inhomogeneities in the flow. No external source is required and thus may operate using passive listening. The invention will work with arbitrary sensor spacing and with as few as two sensors if certain information is known about the acoustic properties of the system. The sensor may also be combined with an instrument, an opto-electronic converter and a controller in an industrial process control system.
摘要翻译：在工业感测应用中，使用放置在沿着管12的预定轴向位置x 1，x 2，x 3处的声压传感器14,16,18的空间阵列来测量管道12中的至少一种流体的至少一个参数。压力传感器14,16,18提供声压信号P 1（t），P 2（t），P 3（t）在线20,22,24上，其被提供给信号处理逻辑60，信号处理逻辑60使用声学空间阵列信号处理技术确定管12中的流体（或混合物）的声音混合速度，声信号沿着管12的纵向轴线传播的方向。可以采用许多空间阵列处理技术来确定混音的声速。逻辑48被提供给逻辑48，逻辑48计算混合物的组成百分比，例如水分或混合物的任何其它参数或与声音相关的流体加速_{混合。逻辑60还可以确定流体的马赫数Mx。测量的声压信号P 1（t），P 2（t），P 3（t）是较低的频率（和较长的波长）信号比用于超声波流量计的信号，因此更容忍流量的不均匀性。不需要外部来源，因此可以使用被动收听操作。如果关于系统的声学特性的某些信息已知，本发明将适用于任意的传感器间距，并且具有少至两个传感器。传感器还可以与工业过程控制系统中的仪器，光电转换器和控制器组合。}

63. 发明授权

US07302861B2 Portable flow measurement apparatus having an array of sensors 有权
标题翻译：具有传感器阵列的便携式流量测量装置
公开(公告)号：US07302861B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-04
申请号：US11582203
申请日：2006-10-16
申请人： Charles R. Winston , Michael A. Sapack , Patrick Curry , Daniel L. Gysling
发明人： Charles R. Winston , Michael A. Sapack , Patrick Curry , Daniel L. Gysling
IPC分类号： G01F1/34
CPC分类号： G01F1/7082 , G01F1/712 , G01F1/74
摘要： A portable flow measuring apparatus includes an array of pressure sensors used to measure the acoustic and convective pressure variations in the flow to determine a desired parameter. A portable processing instrument processes the signals provided by the sensing array to provide an output signal indicative of a parameter of the fluid flow. The portable processing instrument includes a processor having appropriate processing algorithms to determine the desired or selected parameter(s) of the process flow 12. The portable processing instrument has a user interface to permit the user to select the parameters to be measured in the process flow, and/or more importantly, to enable the user to modify particular parameters or functions in the processor 30 and/or processing algorithms. The user interface 32 also enables a user to modify the code of the algorithm via a graphic user interface (GUI), keyboard and/or user input signal 34.
摘要翻译：便携式流量测量装置包括用于测量流中的声学和对流压力变化的压力传感器阵列，以确定期望的参数。便携式处理仪器处理由感测阵列提供的信号以提供指示流体流动的参数的输出信号。便携式处理仪器包括具有适当处理算法的处理器，以确定处理流程12的期望或选择的参数。便携式处理设备具有用户接口，以允许用户在过程流程中选择待测量的参数和/或更重要的是使得用户能够修改处理器30中的特定参数或功能和/或处理算法。用户界面32还使用户能够经由图形用户界面（GUI），键盘和/或用户输入信号34修改算法的代码。

64. 发明授权

US06862920B2 Fluid parameter measurement in pipes using acoustic pressures 有权
标题翻译：使用声压测量管道中的流体参数
公开(公告)号：US06862920B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-08
申请号：US10060114
申请日：2002-01-29
申请人： Daniel L. Gysling , Alan D. Kersey , James D. Paduano
发明人： Daniel L. Gysling , Alan D. Kersey , James D. Paduano
IPC分类号： G01F1/66 , G01F1/86 , G01N29/024 , G01N29/42 , G01N29/46 , G01N29/00
CPC分类号： G01H5/00 , G01N29/024 , G01N29/42 , G01N29/46 , G01N2291/0217 , G01N2291/0222 , G01N2291/0224 , G01N2291/02836 , G01N2291/02845 , G01N2291/02872 , G01N2291/106
摘要： At least one parameter of at least one fluid in a pipe is measured using a spatial array of acoustic pressure sensors placed at predetermined axial locations along the pipe 12. The pressure sensors provide acoustic pressure signals, which are provided to a signal processing system that determines the speed of sound amix of the fluid (or mixture) in the pipe 12 using acoustic spatial array signal processing techniques. Numerous spatial array processing techniques may be employed to determine the speed of sound amix. The speed of sound amix is provided to another logic system that calculates the percent composition of the mixture, e.g., water fraction, or any other parameter of the mixture or fluid which is related to the sound speed amix. The signal processing system may also determine the Mach number Mx of the fluid. The acoustic pressure signals measured are lower frequency (and longer wavelength) signals than those used for ultrasonic flow meters, and thus are more tolerant to inhomogeneities in the flow. No external source is required and thus may operate using passive listening. The invention will work with arbitrary sensor spacing and with as few as two sensors if certain information is known about the acoustic properties of the system.
摘要翻译：使用放置在沿着管12的预定轴向位置处的声压传感器的空间阵列来测量管道中的至少一种流体的至少一个参数。压力传感器提供声压信号，其被提供给确定使用声学空间阵列信号处理技术，管道12中的流体（或混合物）的声音的速度。可以采用许多空间阵列处理技术来确定声音的速度。声音amix的速度被提供给另一个逻辑系统，该逻辑系统计算混合物的组成百分比，例如水分数，或与声速amix相关的混合物或流体的任何其它参数。信号处理系统还可以确定流体的马赫数Mx。所测量的声压信号比用于超声波流量计的频率（和较长波长）信号低，因此更容忍流量不均匀性。不需要外部来源，因此可以使用被动收听操作。如果关于系统的声学特性的某些信息已知，本发明将适用于任意的传感器间距，并且具有少至两个传感器。

65. 发明授权

US06550342B2 Circumferential strain attenuator 有权
标题翻译：圆周应变衰减器
公开(公告)号：US06550342B2
公开(公告)日：2003-04-22
申请号：US09726061
申请日：2000-11-29
申请人： Paul F. Croteau , Daniel L. Gysling , James M. Diener
发明人： Paul F. Croteau , Daniel L. Gysling , James M. Diener
IPC分类号： G01L124
CPC分类号： G01L1/246 , G01D5/268 , G01F1/00 , G01H9/004 , G01V1/523
摘要： An apparatus for varying the gain of a fiber optic sensor that non-intrusively senses the strain response of a pipe is provided. The apparatus includes a circumferential strain attenuator that has an annular land portion that mechanically couples the attenuator to the pipe. An annular web extends coaxially from the land portion and has a reduced cross sectional area relative to the land, and an annular mandrel portion extends coaxially from the web portion and forms a gap between the pipe and the mandrel. The fiber optic sensor is wound on the circumferential strain attenuator. The web and mandrel cooperate to reduce the strain response of the fiber optic sensor relative to the strain response of the pipe.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于改变光纤传感器的增益的装置，其非侵入式地感测管道的应变响应。该装置包括周向应变衰减器，其具有将衰减器机械耦合到管道的环形陆部。环形腹板从陆部同轴地延伸并且具有相对于平台的减小的横截面积，并且环形心轴部分从腹板部分同轴地延伸并在管和心轴之间形成间隙。光纤传感器缠绕在周向应变衰减器上。纤维网和心轴配合以减小光纤传感器相对于管的应变响应的应变响应。

66. 发明授权

US06351987B1 Fiber optic pressure sensor for DC pressure and temperature 有权
标题翻译：用于直流压力和温度的光纤压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US06351987B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-05
申请号：US09548792
申请日：2000-04-13
申请人： Charles R. Winston , Daniel L. Gysling , Mark R. Myers , Alan D. Kersey , Rebecca S. McGuinn
发明人： Charles R. Winston , Daniel L. Gysling , Mark R. Myers , Alan D. Kersey , Rebecca S. McGuinn
IPC分类号： G01N1100
CPC分类号： G01L19/0092 , E21B47/00 , G01D5/35383 , G01L9/0007 , G01L11/025 , G01L11/04 , G01L19/0023 , G01N33/2823
摘要： A DC pressure and temperature sensor system for sensing and measuring the DC pressure and temperature of a production fluid (such as oil, gas and water mixtures) in tubing, such as tubing used to extract production fluid from a drilled site. The sensor system includes at least one fluid sensor, but sometimes two. Only one is needed if either the DC pressure or temperature of the production fluid (but not both) is provided by an independent measurement. In general, though, the sensor system includes: a first and second fluid sensor, the first using a first sensing material, and the second using a second sensing material in which sound travels at a rate that depends on the DC pressure and temperature of the second sensing material in a measurably different way than for the first sensing material. Each sensing material is coupled to the production fluid, preferably via a thin-walled membrane, so as to be at a DC pressure and temperature that is, preferably, the same as for the production fluid. Each fluid sensor is used to provide information about the speed of sound in its sensing material, and since the speed of sound depends on the DC pressure and temperature of the sensing material, in providing information about the speed of sound, each fluid sensor also provides information about the DC pressure and temperature of the sensing material, which is either the same as that of the production fluid or can be correlated to that of the production fluid.
摘要翻译：直流压力和温度传感器系统，用于感测和测量管道中的生产流体（如油，气体和水混合物）的直流压力和温度，例如用于从钻孔部位提取生产流体的管道。传感器系统包括至少一个流体传感器，但有时两个。如果生产流体（但不是两者）的直流压力或温度是通过独立测量提供的，则只需要一个。然而，通常，传感器系统包括：第一和第二流体传感器，第一和第二流体传感器，第一和第二流体传感器，第一和第二流体传感器，第一和第二流体传感器，第一和第二流体传感器，第一和第二流体传感器，第二感测材料以与第一感测材料相比可测量的方式不同。每个感测材料优选通过薄壁膜与生产流体相连，以便处于与制备流体相同的DC压力和温度。每个流体传感器用于提供关于其感测材料中的声速的信息，并且由于声音的速度取决于传感材料的直流压力和温度，在提供关于声速的信息时，每个流体传感器还提供关于传感材料的直流压力和温度的信息，其与生产流体的直流压力和温度相同，或者可以与生产流体的相关。

67. 发明授权

US06233374B1 Mandrel-wound fiber optic pressure sensor 有权
标题翻译：心轴缠绕光纤压力传感器
公开(公告)号：US06233374B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-15
申请号：US09326097
申请日：1999-06-04
申请人： Peter C. Ogle , Daniel L. Gysling
发明人： Peter C. Ogle , Daniel L. Gysling
IPC分类号： G02B600
CPC分类号： G02B6/29319 , G01L11/025 , G02B6/29398
摘要： A dynamic pressure sensor with measures for its operation in high temperature and high pressure environments. The sensor uses at least one winding about a deformable mandrel of an optical fiber inscribed by a Bragg grating at its beginning and another at the end of the winding. To counter the effects of high ambient static pressure and temperature, various steps are taken: the mandrel is filled with a high-viscosity low bulk modulus fluid, such as a silicone fluid, and is provided with a baffle system that regulates the flow of the fluid between spans around which the optical fiber is wound. The baffle system is based either on protuberances on a core rod inserted into the mandrel and a system of pinhole size passageways through the protuberances, or based on an open cell foam or fibrous material located on a core rod within a span covered by a stiff jacket. In addition, in high pressure gradient applications, the mandrel is pinched off at different locations along its length. To keep static strain low in the optical fiber windings, the mandrel is covered with materials soft enough that the tension-wound optical fiber can cut into the materials instead of building up unacceptable static strain.
摘要翻译：动态压力传感器，可在高温高压环境下运行。传感器在其开始处使用由布拉格光栅内接的光纤的可变形心轴周围的至少一个绕组，并且在绕组的末端使用至少一个绕组。为了对抗高环境静态压力和温度的影响，采取了各种步骤：心轴填充有高粘度低体积弹性模量流体，例如硅氧烷流体，并且设置有挡板系统，其调节流体的流动卷绕光纤的跨度之间的流体。挡板系统基于插入心轴中的芯杆上的突起和通过突起的针孔尺寸通道的系统，或基于位于由刚性护套覆盖的跨度内的芯杆上的开孔细胞泡沫或纤维材料。此外，在高压梯度应用中，心轴沿其长度在不同位置被夹紧。为了在光纤绕组中保持低的静态应变，心轴被足够软的材料覆盖，使得张力缠绕光纤可以切割成材料，而不是建立不可接受的静态应变。

68. 发明授权

US6059522A Compressor stall diagnostics and avoidance 失效
标题翻译：压缩机失速诊断和回避
公开(公告)号：US6059522A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-09
申请号：US809497
申请日：1997-09-24
申请人： Jeffrey B. Gertz , Om Parkash Sharma , Kevin M. Eveker , Carl N. Nett , Daniel L. Gysling , Matthew R. Feulner
发明人： Jeffrey B. Gertz , Om Parkash Sharma , Kevin M. Eveker , Carl N. Nett , Daniel L. Gysling , Matthew R. Feulner
IPC分类号： F02C7/057 , F02C9/28 , F04D27/00 , F02C3/04
CPC分类号： F02C9/28 , F02C7/057 , F04D27/001 , F05D2270/101
摘要： A pressure sensor (12) is located in the compressor stage of a gas turbine engine (10) to provide a pressure signal (PR1) that shows the compressor flow characteristics. The pressure signal (PR1) is applied to a bandpass filter (16) with roll-offs above and below N2. The difference between the filter output and a stored value for the pressure signal is integrated, and compressor bleed valves (18) are opened if the integral exceeds a stored threshold. The health of a compressor stage is determined by analyzing the magnitude of compressor pressure variations at N2 while accelerating the engine and by comparing the magnitude with values obtained from a compressor with a known stall margin.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US96 / 05309 Sec。 371日期：1997年9月24日 102（e）1997年9月24日PCT PCT 1996年4月17日PCT公布。出版物WO96 / 34207 日期1996年10月31日压力传感器（12）位于燃气涡轮发动机（10）的压缩机级中，以提供示出压缩机流量特性的压力信号（PR1）。压力信号（PR1）被施加到带通滤波器（16）上，在N2之上和之下滚降。过滤器输出与压力信号的存储值之间的差异被集成，如果积分超过存储的阈值，压缩机排放阀（18）将被打开。通过在加速发动机的同时分析N2处的压缩机压力变化的大小并通过将具有已知失速余量的压缩机的值与该值进行比较来确定压缩机级的健康。

69. 发明授权

US5437539A Apparatus for the dynamic control of rotating stall and surge in turbo machines and the like 失效
标题翻译：用于动态控制涡轮机等的旋转失速和喘振的装置
公开(公告)号：US5437539A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-01
申请号：US197657
申请日：1994-02-17
申请人： Daniel L. Gysling , Jonathan S. Simon
发明人： Daniel L. Gysling , Jonathan S. Simon
IPC分类号： F04D3/00 , F04D15/00 , F04D27/02 , F04D29/44 , F04D19/02
CPC分类号： F04D29/442 , F04D15/0027 , F04D15/0055 , F04D27/02 , F04D3/00 , F05D2270/101
摘要： The invention is a turbo machine comprising a rotatably mounted blade row, such as a compressing or pumping rotor and apparatus for providing aerodynamic feedback to the blade row which feedback apparatus has substantially zero pressure difference across it. The feedback may be provided by various apparatus, including at least one free-rotor that is mounted in aerodynamic feedback with the blade row, for instance coaxially with respect to the axis of rotation of the blade row and freely rotatably with respect to the blade row. The free-rotor may also be located in ductwork in communication with the blade row. The feedback may also be provided by a blade row having a variable stagger angle and apparatus to adjust the stagger angle so that the mean pressure rise across the variable stagger angle blade row is zero. The invention also includes a method for controlling operating anomalies such as rotating stall and surge of a turbo machine such as a compressor using the above described apparatus.
摘要翻译：本发明是一种涡轮机，其包括可旋转地安装的叶片排，例如用于向叶片排提供空气动力反馈的压缩或泵送转子和装置，该反馈装置在其上具有基本上零的压力差。反馈可以由各种装置提供，包括至少一个安装在与叶片排的空气动力学反馈中的自由转子，例如相对于叶片排的旋转轴线同轴并相对于叶片排自由旋转。自由转子也可以位于与叶片排连通的管道系统中。反馈还可以由具有可变交错角的叶片排和装置来提供，以调整交错角，使得跨越可变交错角叶片排的平均压力升高为零。本发明还包括一种用于使用上述装置来控制诸如压缩机的涡轮机的旋转失速和喘振的操作异常的方法。

70. 发明授权

US5199856A Passive structural and aerodynamic control of compressor surge 失效
标题翻译：压缩机浪涌的被动结构和空气动力学控制
公开(公告)号：US5199856A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-06
申请号：US317441
申请日：1989-03-01
申请人： Alan H. Epstein , Edward M. Greitzer , Daniel L. Gysling , John Dugundji , Gerald R. Guenette
发明人： Alan H. Epstein , Edward M. Greitzer , Daniel L. Gysling , John Dugundji , Gerald R. Guenette
IPC分类号： F04B39/00
CPC分类号： F04B39/0061 , Y10T137/86043
摘要： A compressor or pump is connected to a discharge plenum. The plenum includes a movable wall whose motion varies the volume of the plenum. The wall is connected to passive elements forming a spring-mass-damper system whose characteristics are selected to damp pressure fluctuations in the plenum which would give rise to pumping system instabilities. In another aspect of the invention, a compressor is connected to a discharge plenum which in turn is connected to an exit throttle. The throttle includes a movable portion whose motion varies the throttle area. The movable portion is connected to passive elements forming a spring-mass-damper system selected to damp pressure fluctuations in the plenum. In another embodiment, the plenum communicates with a fixed area throttle and a variable area throttle. The variable area throttle includes a movable portion connected to passive elements selected to damp pressure fluctuations in the plenum. Aerodynamic surge control is effected by coupling a second Helmholtz resonator to the plenum.
摘要翻译：压缩机或泵连接到排气室。增压室包括一个活动壁，其运动改变了增压室的体积。壁连接到形成弹簧 - 质量 - 阻尼器系统的无源元件，其特性被选择以减轻增压室中的压力波动，这将导致泵送系统不稳定性。在本发明的另一方面，压缩机连接到排气室，排气室又连接到出口节流阀。节气门包括其运动改变节流区域的可动部分。可移动部分连接到形成弹簧 - 质量 - 阻尼器系统的被动元件，该弹簧 - 质量 - 阻尼器系统被选择以阻尼气室中的压力波动。在另一个实施例中，气室与固定区域节气门和可变区域节流阀连通。可变区域节流阀包括连接到被选择用于减小增压室中的压力波动的无源元件的可动部分。气动浪涌控制通过将第二亥姆霍兹共振器耦合到增压室来实现。

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