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41. 发明授权

US5413098A Path constrained spectrophotometer and method for determination of spatial distribution of light or other radiation scattering and absorbing substances in a radiation scattering medium 失效
标题翻译：路径约束分光光度计和确定辐射散射介质中光或其他辐射散射和吸收物质的空间分布的方法
公开(公告)号：US5413098A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US994947
申请日：1992-12-22
申请人： David A. Benaron
发明人： David A. Benaron
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , G01N21/47
CPC分类号： A61B5/1464 , A61B5/14542 , G01N21/4795 , A61B5/0073 , G01N2021/4797 , G01N2201/0696
摘要： A spectrophotometer for providing an image of a radiation scattering medium having one or more radiation attenuating constituents is disclosed herein. The spectrophotometer includes a light source for illuminating the scattering medium with electromagnetic radiation of at least one wavelength. In one embodiment a time-gated detector serves to detect, during a predefined detection interval, the electromagnetic radiation having traversed a distribution of path lengths during propagation through a region of the medium. A photon counting apparatus or the like measures the intensity of the detected portion of the electromagnetic radiation, wherein the measured intensity is a function of attenuation of the region within the medium. A display apparatus is operative to generate the image in accordance with the measured intensity.
摘要翻译：本文公开了一种用于提供具有一种或多种辐射衰减成分的辐射散射介质的图像的分光光度计。分光光度计包括用于用至少一个波长的电磁辐射照射散射介质的光源。在一个实施例中，时间选通检测器用于在预定义的检测间隔期间检测在通过介质的区域传播期间穿过路径长度分布的电磁辐射。光子计数装置等测量检测到的电磁辐射部分的强度，其中测量的强度是介质内的区域的衰减的函数。显示装置用于根据测量的强度产生图像。

42. 发明授权

US5337745A Device and method for in vivo qualitative or quantative measurement of blood chromophore concentration using blood pulse spectrophotometry 失效
标题翻译：使用血液分光光度法进行体内定性或定量测定血液发色团浓度的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5337745A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-16
申请号：US152913
申请日：1993-11-12
申请人： David A. Benaron
发明人： David A. Benaron
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/1455 , A61B5/14546 , A61B5/14532
摘要： An improved spectrophotometer which noninvasively and qualitatively or quantitatively determines the concentration of light and other radiation absorbing substances in the bloodstream inside a radiation scattering body by assessing, at one or more wavelengths, the pulsatile changes which occur with each heartbeat in the absorbance of radiation passing through the medium, whereby the measurement is confined to the blood-stream and the absorbance of material outside of the bloodstream is cancels out. A light emitter (11), consisting of one or more radiation sources (11a, 11b, . . . 11n), emits light into a tissue sample (14) in vivo. Radiation returning to a detector (17) is filtered (21) to remove any nonpulsatile component, amplified (27), demodulated (31) to separate the component of absorbance due to each radiation source. Peak signal intensity is determined (33), and these peak signal values are stored in an absorbance register (37). Solving a matrix of n equations with n unknowns (42) yields the relative absorbance of up to n components in the bloodstream, which are stored in qualitative register (47). Correcting relative concentration (49) using the numbers stored as conversion factors (53) yields the concentration of up to n chromophores, which are stored in quantitative register (51) and displayed on an output device (55).
摘要翻译：一种改进的分光光度计，其通过在一个或多个波长处评估每个心跳在辐射通过的吸光度中发生的脉动变化，其非侵入性和定性或定量地确定辐射散射体内的血液中的光和其它辐射吸收物质的浓度通过介质，由此测量被限制在血流中，并且消除了血流外的材料的吸光度。由一个或多个辐射源（11a，11b，...，11n）组成的光发射器（11）在体内将光发射到组织样品（14）中。过滤（21）检测器（17）的辐射以去除任何非脉冲成分，放大（27），解调（31）以分离由于每个辐射源引起的吸光度分量。确定峰值信号强度（33），并将这些峰值信号值存储在吸光度寄存器（37）中。求解具有n个未知数的n个方程的矩阵（42）产生存储在定性寄存器（47）中的血液中多达n个成分的相对吸光度。使用存储为转换因子（53）的数字校正相对浓度（49）产生存储在定量寄存器（51）中并显示在输出设备（55）上的多达n个发色团的浓度。

43. 发明申请

US20160113503A1 RAPID RATE-ESTIMATION FOR CELL PHONES, SMART WATCHES, OCCUPANCY, AND WEARABLES 审中-公开
标题翻译：细胞电话，智能手表，营养和可磨损的快速估计
公开(公告)号：US20160113503A1
公开(公告)日：2016-04-28
申请号：US14864860
申请日：2015-09-25
申请人： David A. Benaron
发明人： David A. Benaron
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/0205
CPC分类号： A61B5/02427 , A61B5/0059 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0205 , A61B5/02405 , A61B5/0261 , A61B5/0476 , A61B5/0806 , A61B5/0816 , A61B5/083 , A61B5/085 , A61B5/091 , A61B5/14546 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/14552 , A61B5/4812 , A61B5/4866 , A61B5/4875 , A61B5/6802 , A61B5/681 , A61B5/7207 , A61B5/7225 , A61B5/7253 , A61B2560/0247
摘要： Techniques for respiratory and metabolic monitoring in mobile devices, wearable computing, security, illumination, photography, and other applications may use a phosphor-coated broadband white LED to produce broadband light, which may be transmitted along with ambient light to a target (e.g., ear, face, wrist, or the like). Some scattered light returning from a target may be passed through a spectral filter to produce multiple detector regions sensitive to a different waveband and/or wavelength range, and the detected light may be analyzed to determine a measure of a respiratory rate or effort. In the absence of LED light, ambient light may be sufficient illumination for analysis. The disclosed techniques may provide identifying features of type or status of a tissue target (e.g., respiratory rate, heart rate, heart rate variability, heart function, lung function, fat content, hydration status, confirmation of living tissue, and the like).
摘要翻译：用于移动设备中呼吸和代谢监测的技术，可穿戴式计算，安全性，照明，摄影和其它应用可以使用磷光体涂覆的宽带白色LED来产生宽带光，其可以与环境光一起传输到目标（例如，耳朵，脸部，手腕等）。从目标返回的一些散射光可以通过光谱滤波器以产生对不同波段和/或波长范围敏感的多个检测器区域，并且可以分析检测到的光以确定呼吸速率或努力的量度。在没有LED灯的情况下，环境光可能是足够的照明用于分析。所公开的技术可以提供组织靶标的类型或状态（例如呼吸率，心率，心率变异性，心脏功能，肺功能，脂肪含量，水合状态，生物体组织的确认等）的识别特征。

44. 发明申请

US20120117003A1 Geoengineering Method Of Business Using Carbon Counterbalance Credits 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用碳抵消贷款的商业地球工程方法
公开(公告)号：US20120117003A1
公开(公告)日：2012-05-10
申请号：US12942701
申请日：2010-11-09
申请人： David A. Benaron
发明人： David A. Benaron
IPC分类号： G06Q90/00
CPC分类号： G06Q10/06 , G06Q99/00
摘要： A business method for providing an emissions trading approach value to products and services that provide active cooling of the Earth that provides a sustainable means for global cooling strategies to achieve commercial value, in order to drive development and real-world application of these approaches, comprising the steps of manufacturing a light-scattering nanoparticle (527), deploying the stratospheric nanoparticles for reducing solar radiation incident on the Earth (537), receiving Carbon Counterbalance Credits in exchange for the local, national, regional, or international benefits derived from said deployment (547), and derives income from selling said credits in order to create a sustainable and viable business (557). Systems, devices, and agents for deployment in accordance with the business method are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：一种为提供积极冷却地球的产品和服务提供排放交易方法价值的商业方法，为实现商业价值的全球冷却策略提供可持续的手段，以推动这些方法的开发和现实应用，包括制造光散射纳米颗粒（527）的步骤，部署用于减少发生在地球上的太阳辐射的平流层纳米颗粒（537），接收碳抵消积分，以换取从所述部署产生的地方，国家，区域或国际利益（547），并从出售所得信用中获得收入，以创造一个可持续和可行的业务（557）。还公开了根据业务方法进行部署的系统，设备和代理。

45. 发明申请

US20100312081A1 Implantable Tissue Ischemia Sensor 审中-公开
标题翻译：植入式组织缺血传感器
公开(公告)号：US20100312081A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-09
申请号：US12858396
申请日：2010-08-17
申请人： David A. Benaron , Ilian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
发明人： David A. Benaron , Ilian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
IPC分类号： A61B5/1455
CPC分类号： A61B5/0031 , A61B5/0261 , A61B5/14542 , A61B5/1459 , A61B5/412
摘要： An implantable ischemia detection system in which a white LED (105) produces a continuous, visible, broadband light illuminating a target site (125). Light backscattered by the target is collected by a sensor (155), allowing for an index of ischemia to be determined, and subsequently transmitted by a sending unit (167). Power is provided by an internal power source (179). The entire implantable device is encapsulated by a biocompatible shell (102) to add long-term safety with regard to implantation.
摘要翻译：一种植入式缺血检测系统，其中白色LED（105）产生照射目标部位（125）的连续的，可见的宽带光。由目标物反向散射的光由传感器（155）收集，允许确定缺血指数，并随后由发送单元（167）发送。电源由内部电源（179）提供。整个可植入装置被生物相容的外壳（102）封装，以增加关于植入的长期安全性。

46. 发明授权

US07813778B2 Implantable tissue ischemia sensor 有权
标题翻译：植入式组织缺血传感器
公开(公告)号：US07813778B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-12
申请号：US11193071
申请日：2005-07-29
申请人： David A. Benaron , Ilian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
发明人： David A. Benaron , Ilian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
IPC分类号： A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/0031 , A61B5/0261 , A61B5/14542 , A61B5/1459 , A61B5/412
摘要： An implantable ischemia detection system in which a white LED (105) produces a continuous, visible, broadband light illuminating a target site (125). Light backscattered by the target is collected by a sensor (155), allowing for an index of ischemia to be determined, and subsequently transmitted by a sending unit (167). Power is provided by an internal power source (179). The entire implantable device is encapsulated by a biocompatible shell (102) to add long-term safety with regard to implantation.
摘要翻译：一种植入式缺血检测系统，其中白色LED（105）产生照射目标部位（125）的连续的，可见的宽带光。由目标物反向散射的光由传感器（155）收集，允许确定缺血指数，并随后由发送单元（167）发送。电源由内部电源（179）提供。整个可植入装置被生物相容的外壳（102）封装，以增加关于植入的长期安全性。

47. 发明申请

US20100198030A1 Solid-State General Illumination With Broadband White LED And Integrated Heat Sink 审中-公开
标题翻译：宽带白光LED和集成散热器的固态通用照明
公开(公告)号：US20100198030A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-05
申请号：US12761301
申请日：2010-04-15
申请人： David A. Benaron , Illian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
发明人： David A. Benaron , Illian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
IPC分类号： A61B5/1455
CPC分类号： A61B5/14551 , A61B5/0261
摘要： A solid-state illuminator (103) for improved light delivery efficiency in general illumination in which a solid-state, broadband white LED light source (105) is coupled directly and advantageously to an integrated heat-sink or cooler (347) for thermal management. The integrated heat sink or cooler (347) is in thermal contact with the LED light source wires, bulb or lens, and may be placed prior to the light source end cap. The thermal management advantageously allows for more efficient and lower operating temperature at the LED light source, reducing the amount of power needed to produce a given amount of usable light, allowing delivered light intensity and/or light power density, and further facilitating integration of the illuminator and heat-sink or cooler (347) into a general illumination device or system. Methods of manufacturing are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：一种固态照明器（103），用于改善一般照明中的光传输效率，其中固态宽带白光LED光源（105）直接有利地连接到集成散热器或冷却器（347）上，用于热管理。集成散热器或冷却器（347）与LED光源线，灯泡或透镜热接触，并且可以放置在光源端盖之前。热管理有利地允许在LED光源下更有效和更低的操作温度，减少产生给定量的可用光所需的功率量，允许传递的光强度和/或光功率密度，并进一步促进照明器和散热器或冷却器（347）放入通用照明装置或系统中。还公开了制造方法。

48. 发明申请

US20080287758A1 Illuminator probe with memory device and method 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有记忆装置和方法的照明器探头
公开(公告)号：US20080287758A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-20
申请号：US12180449
申请日：2008-07-25
申请人： David A. Benaron , Illian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
发明人： David A. Benaron , Illian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
IPC分类号： A61B5/1459 , A61B5/1455 , A61B1/06
CPC分类号： A61B5/412 , A61B1/00165 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/14558 , A61B5/1459 , A61B5/42 , G01J3/10 , G01N2201/062
摘要： An improved medical illuminator (103) with memory chip (241). The memory element retains information useful in the operation of the illuminator, such as probe identification, probe serial number, use history, calibration details, or other information. Further, the illuminator with information chip can be incorporated into a medical probe or device, such as a pulse oximeter system or probe, as well as to be used in surgical devices or other equipment that require illumination. A method of use is also provided.
摘要翻译：一种具有存储芯片（241）的改进的医疗照明器（103）。存储器元件保留在照明器的操作中有用的信息，例如探针识别，探针序列号，使用历史，校准细节或其他信息。此外，具有信息芯片的照明器可以并入到诸如脉搏血氧计系统或探针的医疗探针或装置中，并且可以用于需要照明的外科装置或其他设备中。还提供了一种使用方法。

49. 发明申请

US20080188727A1 Broadband solid-state spectroscopy illuminator and method 审中-公开
标题翻译：宽带固态光谱仪和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080188727A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-07
申请号：US12101906
申请日：2008-04-11
申请人： David A. Benaron , Illian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
发明人： David A. Benaron , Illian H. Parachikov , Michael R. Fierro
IPC分类号： A61B5/1455 , A61B5/0402
CPC分类号： A61B5/412 , A61B1/00165 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/14558 , A61B5/1459 , A61B5/42 , G01J3/10 , G01N2201/062
摘要： An improved spectroscopy illuminator (103) for generating broadband light and for delivering the light to a sample with an improved delivery efficiency, for higher optical density and/or reduced thermal transfer uses a solid-state broadband white LED (107) to produce broadband light (114), which is then transmitted to a sample region (125), such as a living tissue or blood in vivo or a biological sample in a spectrophotometer target region. The solid-state source keeps both the illuminator and sample cool during operation, allowing the illuminator to be integrated into the tip of a medical probe, a medical system such as an oximeter, or other monitoring systems or devices making measurements based on light scattering, absorbance, fluorescence, phosphorescence, Raman effects, use of a contrast agent, or other known spectroscopy techniques. Systems incorporating the improved illuminator, and methods of use are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：一种改进的光谱照明器（103），用于产生宽带光并用于将光输送到具有改进的输送效率的样品，用于更高的光密度和/或降低的热转印使用固态宽带白光LED（107）产生宽带光（114），然后将其传播到样品区域（125），例如活体组织或体内血液或分光光度计目标区域中的生物样品。固态源在操作期间保持照明器和样品冷却，允许照明器集成到医疗探针的尖端，诸如血氧计的医疗系统或基于光散射进行测量的其它监测系统或装置，吸光度，荧光，磷光，拉曼效应，造影剂的使用或其他已知的光谱技术。还公开了结合改进的照明器的系统和使用方法。

50. 发明授权

US06246901B1 Detecting, localizing, and targeting internal sites in vivo using optical contrast agents 失效
标题翻译：使用光学造影剂在体内检测，定位和定位内部位点
公开(公告)号：US06246901B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-12
申请号：US09690195
申请日：2000-10-16
申请人： David A. Benaron
发明人： David A. Benaron
IPC分类号： A61B600
CPC分类号： G01N33/57434 , A61B5/0071 , A61B5/0073 , A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0084 , A61B5/0091 , A61B5/1455 , A61B5/415 , A61B5/418 , A61B5/4381 , A61B5/6848 , A61B2562/0238 , B82Y5/00 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y20/00 , G01N33/57415 , Y10S977/869 , Y10S977/904
摘要： A system for detecting, localizing and targeting a medical instrument toward a target tissue within the body using an optical contrast agent in which a light source (102) is optically coupled to the tissue to be diagnosed (135), a light detector (174) is optically coupled to the tissue to detect a portion of the light which passes through the tissue, and either one or both of the light source and light detector are coupled to a medical instrument (130) used in a medical procedure. A contrast locator engine (184) receives a signal from the detector and provides an target tissue output signal (195) based upon the localization and distribution of the contrast agent, allowing the target tissue to be detected, located, or imaged, and for the medical instrument to positioned or targeted relative to the target tissue, and for allowing the accuracy of placement or the progress of a procedure to be assessed in real time. A method for the system is also described.
摘要翻译：一种用于使用其中光源（102）光学耦合到要诊断的组织（135）的光学造影剂来检测，定位和瞄准医疗器械朝向身体内的目标组织的系统（135），光检测器（174）光学耦合到组织以检测穿过组织的一部分光，并且光源和光检测器中的一个或两者耦合到医疗过程中使用的医疗器械（130）。对比度定位器引擎（184）从检测器接收信号，并基于造影剂的定位和分布提供目标组织输出信号（195），允许检测，定位或成像目标组织，并且对于医疗器械相对于目标组织定位或靶向，并且用于允许实时评估放置的准确性或程序的进展。还描述了该系统的方法。

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