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41. 发明授权

US07495952B2 Relay-connected semiconductor transistors 有权
标题翻译：继电器连接的半导体晶体管
公开(公告)号：US07495952B2
公开(公告)日：2009-02-24
申请号：US11485459
申请日：2006-07-13
申请人： Amit Lal , Shankar Radhakrishnan , Norimasa Yoshimizu , Serhan Ardanuc
发明人： Amit Lal , Shankar Radhakrishnan , Norimasa Yoshimizu , Serhan Ardanuc
IPC分类号： G11C11/50
CPC分类号： G11C23/00 , B82Y10/00 , H01H1/0094 , H01L27/092 , Y10S977/732 , Y10S977/943
摘要： A solid-state semiconductor device operable without loss arising from junction-to junction (e.g., source-to-drain) leakage current includes a movable MEMS switch or relay armature structure carrying at least one electrical contact corresponding to a semiconductor device junction. The switch or relay armature is movable from a first position corresponding to a first switch state to a second position corresponding to a second switch state. The semiconductor device also includes an actuation circuit configured to act on the cantilever switch, changing the switch from a first contact-conducting state to a second non-contact-conducting state by physically separating the switch's electrical contact from the semiconductor device junction, thus eliminating the conductive path for leakage current losses.
摘要翻译：可以在没有由结到结（例如，源至漏）漏电流引起的损耗的情况下可操作的固体半导体器件包括携带对应于半导体器件结的至少一个电触点的可移动的MEMS开关或继电器衔铁结构。开关或继电器电枢可以从对应于第一开关状态的第一位置移动到对应于第二开关状态的第二位置。半导体器件还包括被配置为作用在悬臂开关上的致动电路，通过将开关的电接触与半导体器件结物理分离，将开关从第一接触导通状态改变到第二非接触导通状态，从而消除导通路径为漏电流损耗。

42. 发明授权

US07108137B2 Method and apparatus for separating particles by size 有权
标题翻译：按尺寸分离颗粒的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07108137B2
公开(公告)日：2006-09-19
申请号：US10263385
申请日：2002-10-02
申请人： Amit Lal , Chung Hoon Lee
发明人： Amit Lal , Chung Hoon Lee
IPC分类号： B01D43/00
CPC分类号： G01N15/0255 , B01J8/16 , B01J19/10 , B03B5/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for separating a mixture of particles of various sizes in a capillary tube into groups by size using multiple forces of controlled amplitude. Ultrasonic radiation at a first selected frequency is applied to set up a standing pressure wave in the capillary tube, resulting in a first aggregating force which causes particles of all sizes to aggregate at positions within the capillary tube which correspond to nodes or anti-nodes of the standing wave. Transverse vibrations are also applied to the capillary tube. The frequency of the ultrasonic radiation is adjusted to reduce the magnitude of the first aggregating force. Inertial forces resulting from the transverse vibrations then cause the particles to separate by size. The apparatus and method allows a mixture of particles to be separated by size quickly, without requiring the use of high voltages.
摘要翻译：一种用于使用多个受控幅度的力将毛细管中各种尺寸的颗粒的混合物分离成大小的方法和装置。施加第一选定频率的超声波辐射以在毛细管中建立立式压力波，导致第一聚集力，其使得所有尺寸的颗粒聚集在毛细管内的对应于毛细管的节点或反节点的位置处驻波。横向振动也施加到毛细管上。调整超声辐射的频率以减小第一聚集力的大小。横向振动产生的惯性力使颗粒分离。该装置和方法允许将颗粒的混合物快速分离，而不需要使用高电压。

43. 发明授权

US06923790B2 Ultrasonically actuated needle pump system 有权
标题翻译：超声波驱动针泵系统
公开(公告)号：US06923790B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-02
申请号：US10441735
申请日：2003-05-20
申请人： Amit Lal , Chung-Hoon Lee
发明人： Amit Lal , Chung-Hoon Lee
IPC分类号： A61B5/15 , A61B10/00 , A61B17/00 , A61M37/00 , A61M1/00 , A61M5/178 , B05B17/06
CPC分类号： A61B5/14514 , A61B5/150022 , A61B5/150083 , A61B5/150297 , A61B5/150389 , A61B5/150503 , A61B5/150946 , A61B5/150977 , A61B5/15142 , A61B2010/008 , A61B2017/00765 , A61M37/0092
摘要： An ultrasonically driven pump, which may be used for sampling body fluids or atomizing liquids, has a stationary outer needle and an inner needle mounted within the bore of the outer needle. The distal end of the inner needle is positioned adjacent to the distal end of the outer needle. The inner needle is ultrasonically vibrated by an ultrasonic actuator without vibrating the outer needle, with resulting draw of liquid through the distal end of the outer needle into the bore of the inner needle for discharge through the proximal end of the inner needle. The outer needle can be formed to have a penetrating tip suited for penetrating the skin of a subject to allow sampling of body fluids including interstitial fluids. The pump can also be used for atomizing liquid, by drawing liquid from a supply that is pumped from the distal end to an open proximal end of the inner needle where the liquid is discharged by atomization into the atmosphere.
摘要翻译：可用于取样体液或雾化液体的超声波泵具有固定的外针和安装在外针的孔内的内针。内针的远端定位成与外针的远端相邻。内针被超声波致动器超声波振动，而不会使外针振动，从而将液体从外针的远端抽出到内针的孔中，以通过内针的近端排出。外针可以形成为具有适于穿透受试者皮肤的穿透尖端，以允许对体液（包括间质液）进行取样。该泵还可用于雾化液体，其是从从远端泵送到内针的开口近端的液体从液体通过雾化排放到大气中排出液体。

44. 发明授权

US06874699B2 Methods and apparata for precisely dispensing microvolumes of fluids 有权
标题翻译：精确分配流体微量流动的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US06874699B2
公开(公告)日：2005-04-05
申请号：US10271250
申请日：2002-10-15
申请人： Bradley James Larson , Chung Hoon Lee , Amit Lal , Max G. Lagally
发明人： Bradley James Larson , Chung Hoon Lee , Amit Lal , Max G. Lagally
IPC分类号： B01L3/02 , B01L99/00 , C40B40/06 , C40B60/14 , G01N35/10 , B05B1/08
CPC分类号： B01L3/0268 , B01J2219/00367 , B01J2219/00378 , B01J2219/00527 , B01J2219/00533 , B01J2219/00585 , B01J2219/00596 , B01J2219/00605 , B01J2219/00612 , B01J2219/00659 , B01J2219/00689 , B01J2219/00722 , B01L99/00 , B01L2300/0819 , B01L2300/0867 , B01L2400/0439 , C40B40/06 , C40B60/14 , G01N2035/1041
摘要： Devices and methods for depositing fluids on substrates in patterns of spots, lines, or other features use a nozzle, which is preferably configured similarly to a micropipette, having a piezoelectric crystal or other ultrasonic actuator coupled to one of its sides. The nozzle may be charged via capillary action by dipping it into a well containing the fluid to be deposited, and may then be positioned over a desired area of a substrate, at which point activation of the ultrasonic actuator at ultrasonic frequencies will eject the fluid onto the substrate. The needle may subsequently be dipped into a well of rinsing fluid for cleaning. Spots or lines on the order of 5 micrometers width may be generated, making the invention particularly suitable for use in biological applications such as microarray production and in microelectronics applications such as the printing of organic circuitry.
摘要翻译：用于以斑点，线或其它特征的图案在基底上沉积流体的装置和方法使用喷嘴，其优选地被配置为类似于具有耦合到其一侧的压电晶体或其它超声致动器的微量移液管。喷嘴可以通过将毛细管作用浸入含有要沉积的流体的孔中而被充电，然后可以将其定位在衬底的期望区域上，此时超声波致动器在超声频率下的激活将喷射流体到底物。随后将针浸入冲洗液的孔中进行清洗。可能产生5微米宽度的斑点或线，使得本发明特别适用于生物应用，如微阵列生产和微电子应用，如有机电路的印刷。

45. 发明授权

US06740058B2 Surgical tool with integrated pressure and flow sensors 有权
标题翻译：具有集成压力和流量传感器的手术工具
公开(公告)号：US06740058B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-25
申请号：US09877714
申请日：2001-06-08
申请人： Amit Lal , Xi Chen
发明人： Amit Lal , Xi Chen
IPC分类号： A61M3100
CPC分类号： A61F9/00745 , A61B2017/00022 , A61B2090/064
摘要： A surgical tool with a rigid body including a needle portion for entering tissue includes a fluid flow channel formed therethrough. A sensor is integrally formed on the tool to detect changing conditions (pressure and/or flow) in the channel. The sensor signal may be used to provide feedback control of pumping of fluid through the channel. The tool may be a micromachined silicon tool with the sensor integrally formed thereon from a silicon nitrate membrane and polysilicon resistors. The tool may be an ultrasonically activated cutting tool, which may be bonded to a package at a node thereof.
摘要翻译：包括用于进入组织的针部分的具有刚体的手术工具包括通过其形成的流体流动通道。传感器整体地形成在工具上以检测通道中的变化条件（压力和/或流动）。传感器信号可用于提供通过通道泵送流体的反馈控制。该工具可以是微加工硅工具，其传感器从硅酸盐膜和多晶硅电阻器一体地形成在其上。该工具可以是超声激活的切割工具，其可以在其节点处结合到包装。

46. 发明授权

US06479920B1 Direct charge radioisotope activation and power generation 有权
标题翻译：直接电荷放射性同位素激活和发电
公开(公告)号：US06479920B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-12
申请号：US09832342
申请日：2001-04-09
申请人： Amit Lal , Hui Li , James P. Blanchard , Douglass L. Henderson
发明人： Amit Lal , Hui Li , James P. Blanchard , Douglass L. Henderson
IPC分类号： H02N100
CPC分类号： H01L41/1136 , G21H1/00 , G21H3/00
摘要： An activator has a base on which is mounted an elastically deformable micromechanical element that has a section that is free to be displaced toward the base. An absorber of radioactively emitted particles is formed on the base or the displaceable section of the deformable element and a source is formed on the other of the displaceable section or the base facing the absorber across a small gap. The radioactive source emits charged particles such as electrons, resulting in a buildup of charge on the absorber, drawing the absorber and source together and storing mechanical energy as the deformable element is bent. When the force between the absorber and the source is sufficient to bring the absorber into effective electrical contact with the source, discharge of the charge between the source and absorber allows the deformable element to spring back, releasing the mechanical energy stored in the element. An electrical generator such as a piezoelectric transducer may be secured to the deformable element to convert the released mechanical energy to electrical energy that can be used to provide power to electronic circuits.
摘要翻译：活化剂具有基座，其上安装有可弹性变形的微机械元件，其具有可自由地朝向底座移位的部分。在可变形元件的基部或可移动部分上形成放射性粒子的吸收体，并且在可移动部分的另一个或面对吸收体的基底上形成源于小间隙的源。放射源发射诸如电子的带电粒子，导致在吸收体上积累电荷，将吸收体和源组合在一起，并随着可变形元件弯曲而存储机械能。当吸收器和源之间的力足以使吸收器与源有效电接触时，源和吸收器之间的电荷的放电允许可变形元件弹回，释放存储在元件中的机械能。诸如压电换能器的发电机可以固定到可变形元件以将释放的机械能转换成可用于向电子电路提供功率的电能。

47. 发明授权

US09263519B2 Nanowire array structures for sensing, solar cell and other applications 有权
标题翻译：纳米线阵列结构用于感应，太阳能电池等应用
公开(公告)号：US09263519B2
公开(公告)日：2016-02-16
申请号：US13448384
申请日：2012-04-16
申请人： Amit Lal , Yuerui Lu
发明人： Amit Lal , Yuerui Lu
IPC分类号： B32B5/02 , C12M1/00 , G01N21/00 , H01L29/06 , B82Y10/00 , H01L31/0352 , H01L31/068
CPC分类号： H01L29/0665 , B82Y10/00 , H01L29/0676 , H01L31/035281 , H01L31/03529 , H01L31/068 , Y02E10/547 , Y10T428/249921
摘要： Nanowire array structures based on periodic or aperiodic nanowires are provided in various configurations for sensing and interacting with light and substances to provide various functions such as sensors for detecting DNAs and others and solar cells for converting light into electricity.
摘要翻译：提供了基于周期性或非周期性纳米线的纳米线阵列结构，用于感测和与光和物质相互作用以提供各种功能，例如用于检测DNA等的传感器和用于将光转换成电的太阳能电池。

48. 发明授权

US09173384B2 Surgically implanted micro-platforms and microsystems in arthropods and methods based thereon 有权
标题翻译：手术植入的微型平台和微系统在节肢动物及其基础上的方法
公开(公告)号：US09173384B2
公开(公告)日：2015-11-03
申请号：US12518847
申请日：2007-12-11
申请人： Amit Lal , John Ewer , Ayesa Kaur , Alper Bozkurt
发明人： Amit Lal , John Ewer , Ayesa Kaur , Alper Bozkurt
IPC分类号： A61N1/372 , A01K67/033 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A01K67/033 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/372
摘要： A method is provided for producing an arthropod comprising introducing a microsystem such as a MEMS device into an immature arthropod under conditions that result in producing an adult arthropod with a functional microsystem permanently attached to its body. A method is also provided for producing a robotic apparatus. The method can comprise introducing a microsystem such as a MEMS device into an immature arthropod under conditions that result in producing a robotic apparatus with the microsystem permanently attached to the body of the adult arthropod.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于产生节肢动物的方法，包括在导致产生具有永久附着于其身体的功能微系统的成年节肢动物的条件下将例如MEMS装置的微系统引入未成熟的节肢动物中。还提供了一种用于生产机器人装置的方法。该方法可以包括在导致产生具有微系统的机器人装置永久地附接到成年节肢动物的身体的条件下的诸如MEMS装置之类的微系统引入未成熟的节肢动物中。

49. 发明授权

US08866152B2 Betavoltaic apparatus and method 有权
标题翻译： Betavoltaic装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08866152B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-21
申请号：US13510641
申请日：2010-11-19
申请人： Amit Lal , Steven Tin
发明人： Amit Lal , Steven Tin
IPC分类号： H01L29/15 , G21H1/06
CPC分类号： G21H1/06
摘要： An exemplary thinned-down betavoltaic device includes an N+ doped silicon carbide (SiC) substrate having a thickness between about 3 to 50 microns, an electrically conductive layer disposed immediately adjacent the bottom surface of the SiC substrate; an N− doped SiC epitaxial layer disposed immediately adjacent the top surface of the SiC substrate, a P+ doped SiC epitaxial layer disposed immediately adjacent the top surface of the N− doped SiC epitaxial layer, an ohmic conductive layer disposed immediately adjacent the top surface of the P+ doped SiC epitaxial layer, and a radioisotope layer disposed immediately adjacent the top surface of the ohmic conductive layer. The radioisotope layer can be 63Ni, 147Pm, or 3H. Devices can be stacked in parallel or series. Methods of making the devices are disclosed.
摘要翻译：一种示例性的减薄型紫外线器件包括厚度在约3至50微米之间的N +掺杂碳化硅（SiC）衬底，紧邻SiC衬底的底表面设置的导电层; 紧邻SiC衬底的顶表面设置的N掺杂的SiC外延层，紧邻N掺杂的SiC外延层的顶表面设置的P +掺杂的SiC外延层，紧邻邻近顶部表面的欧姆导电层 P +掺杂的SiC外延层，以及紧邻欧姆导电层的顶表面设置的放射性同位素层。放射性同位素层可以是63Ni，147Pm或3H。设备可以并联或串联堆叠。公开了制造装置的方法。

50. 发明授权

US08813252B2 Request based license mode selection 有权
标题翻译：基于请求的许可证模式选择
公开(公告)号：US08813252B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-19
申请号：US12893886
申请日：2010-09-29
申请人： Amit Lal , Ritesh Chitlangia , Aruna Somendra , Rohini Barla , Rishad Madhura Kuzhiyil
发明人： Amit Lal , Ritesh Chitlangia , Aruna Somendra , Rohini Barla , Rishad Madhura Kuzhiyil
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： G06F21/10
摘要： Methods and systems are disclosed for providing a mechanism for dynamically switching between the licensing modes on the remote presentation host to handle different kinds of licenses. In one embodiment, the mode switching may be based on the configuration of the users that are connecting to the remote presentation host. In an embodiment, users may be provided with remote presentation session files that define what type of license to be used for the current connection to the remote presentation host. In some embodiments, mechanisms are disclosed to provide the ability to convert a remote client access license from one type to another by using a convertibility matrix.
摘要翻译：公开了用于提供用于在远程呈现主机上的许可模式之间动态切换以处理不同类型的许可证的机制的方法和系统。在一个实施例中，模式切换可以基于正在连接到远程呈现主机的用户的配置。在一个实施例中，用户可以被提供有远程呈现会话文件，其定义要用于到远程呈现主机的当前连接的什么类型的许可证。在一些实施例中，公开了提供通过使用可转换矩阵将远程客户端访问许可证从一种类型转换为另一种类型的能力的机制。

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