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41. 发明申请

US20100189837A1 System and Method for Depositing Thin Layers on Non-Planar Substrates by Stamping 有权
标题翻译：通过冲压在非平面基板上沉积薄层的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100189837A1
公开(公告)日：2010-07-29
申请号：US12697357
申请日：2010-02-01
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Xin Xu , Xiangfei Qi , Marcelo Davanco
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Xin Xu , Xiangfei Qi , Marcelo Davanco
IPC分类号： B29C51/10
CPC分类号： H01L51/0004 , B29D11/00807 , B82Y10/00 , B82Y40/00 , G03F7/0002 , H01L51/0022
摘要： An elastomeric stamp is used to deposit material on a non-planar substrate. A vacuum mold is used to deform the elastomeric stamp and pressure is applied to transfer material from the stamp to the substrate. By decreasing the vacuum applied by the vacuum mold, the elasticity of the stamp may be used to apply this pressure. Pressure also may be applied by applying a force to the substrate and/or the stamp. The use of an elastomeric stamp allows for patterned layers to be deposited on a non-planar substrate with reduced chance of damage to the patterned layer.
摘要翻译：使用弹性体印模将材料沉积在非平面基底上。使用真空模具来使弹性体印模变形，施加压力以将材料从印模转移到基底。通过减小由真空模具施加的真空度，可以使用印模的弹性来施加该压力。也可以通过向衬底和/或印模施加力来施加压力。使用弹性体印记允许图案化层被沉积在非平面基板上，同时具有减小对图案化层的损伤的机会。

42. 发明申请

US20080265757A1 Low Index Grids (LIG) To Increase Outcoupled Light From Top or Transparent OLED 审中-公开
标题翻译：低指数网格（LIG）增加顶部或透明OLED的外耦合光
公开(公告)号：US20080265757A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-30
申请号：US12059783
申请日：2008-03-31
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Yiru Sun
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Yiru Sun
IPC分类号： H01L51/52 , H01J9/02
CPC分类号： H01L51/5275
摘要： A transparent or top-emitting OLED may include regions of a material having a refractive index less than that of the organic region, allowing for emitted light in a waveguide mode to be extracted into air. These regions may be placed adjacent to the emissive regions of an OLED in a direction parallel to the electrodes. The substrate may also be given a nonstandard shape to further improve the conversion of waveguide mode and/or glass mode light to air mode. The outcoupling efficiency of such a device may be up to two to three times the efficiency of a standard OLED. A method for fabricating such a transparent or top-emitting OLED is also provided.
摘要翻译：透明或顶部发射的OLED可以包括具有小于有机区域的折射率的材料的区域，允许以波导模式的发射光被提取到空气中。这些区域可以在与电极平行的方向上与OLED的发射区域相邻放置。衬底也可以被赋予非标准形状，以进一步改善波导模式和/或玻璃模式光到空气模式的转换。这种器件的输出耦合效率可高达标准OLED效率的两到三倍。还提供了制造这种透明或顶部发光OLED的方法。

43. 发明申请

US20070131172A1 Low pressure vapor phase deposition of organic thin films 审中-公开
标题翻译：有机薄膜的低压气相沉积
公开(公告)号：US20070131172A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-14
申请号：US11655258
申请日：2007-01-19
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Paul Burrows , Vladimir Ban
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Paul Burrows , Vladimir Ban
IPC分类号： C23C16/00
CPC分类号： C23C14/50 , C23C14/12 , C23C14/54 , C23C14/568 , C23C16/30 , C23C16/45561 , H01L51/0002 , H01L51/001 , H01L51/0059 , H01L51/0081 , H01L51/56
摘要： Methods for preparing organic thin films on substrates, the method comprising the steps of providing a plurality of organic precursors in the vapor phase, and reacting the plurality or organic precursors at a sub-atmospheric pressure. Also included are thin films made by such a method and apparatuses used to conduct such a method. The method is well-suited to the formation of organic light emitting devices and other display-related technologies.
摘要翻译：用于在基底上制备有机薄膜的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：在气相中提供多种有机前体，并使所述多个或有机前体在亚大气压下反应。还包括通过用于进行这种方法的这种方法和装置制成的薄膜。该方法非常适合于形成有机发光器件和其他显示相关技术。

44. 发明授权

US07179534B2 Conductive-polymer electronic switch 失效
标题翻译：导电聚合物电子开关
公开(公告)号：US07179534B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-20
申请号：US10356394
申请日：2003-01-31
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Sven Moeller
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Sven Moeller
IPC分类号： B32B27/00 , B32B27/16
CPC分类号： G11C13/0014 , B82Y10/00 , G11C13/0016 , H01L27/28 , H01L51/0037 , Y10T428/31504 , Y10T428/31678 , Y10T428/31855
摘要： A switch, used as an electronic-memory element, comprising a conductive organic polymer layer sandwiched between, and in contact with, two metallic conductive elements. In an initial post-fabrication state, the organic polymer layer is relatively highly conductive, the post-fabrication constituting a first stable state of the memory element that can serve to represent a binary bit “1 or 0,” depending which of two possible encoding conventions is employed. A relatively high voltage pulse can be passed between the two metal conductive elements, resulting in a market decrease in the current-carrying capacity of the organic polymer layer sandwiched between the two conductive elements. This change in conductivity of the organic polymer layer is generally irreversible, and constitutes a second stable state of the memory element that may be used to encode a binary bit “0” or “1,” again depending on which of two possible encoding conventions are employed. Organic-polymer-based memory elements, modified to include an additional diode-acting layer, may be fabricated in dense, two-dimensional arrays.
摘要翻译：用作电子存储元件的开关包括夹在两个金属导电元件之间并与之接触的导电有机聚合物层。在初始后制造状态下，有机聚合物层相对高度导电，后制造构成存储元件的第一稳定状态，其可以用于表示二进制位“1或0”，取决于两种可能的编码公约被雇用。可以在两个金属导电元件之间通过相对高的电压脉冲，导致夹在两个导电元件之间的有机聚合物层的载流能力的市场下降。有机聚合物层的电导率的这种变化通常是不可逆的，并且构成可以用于编码二进制位“0”或“1”的存储元件的第二稳定状态，这取决于两种可能的编码约定中的哪一种雇用。修改为包括另外的二极管作用层的基于有机聚合物的存储元件可以以致密的二维阵列制造。

45. 发明申请

US20050227390A1 Method of fabricating an optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction 有权
标题翻译：制造具有体异质结的光电器件的方法
公开(公告)号：US20050227390A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-13
申请号：US10999716
申请日：2004-11-30
申请人： Max Shtein , Fan Yang , Stephen Forrest
发明人： Max Shtein , Fan Yang , Stephen Forrest
IPC分类号： H01L29/06 , H01L51/00 , H01L51/42
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , H01L51/0008 , H01L51/0053 , H01L51/0078 , H01L51/4213 , H01L51/4246 , H01L51/4253 , H01L2251/308 , Y02E10/549 , Y02P70/521
摘要： A method of fabricating an optoelectronic device comprises: depositing a first layer having protrusions over a first electrode, in which the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material; depositing a second layer on the first layer such that the second layer is in physical contact with the first layer; in which the smallest lateral dimension of the protrusions are between 1 to 5 times the exciton diffusion length of the first organic small molecule material; and depositing a second electrode over the second layer to form the optoelectronic device. A method of fabricating an organic optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction is also provided and comprises: depositing a first layer with protrusions over an electrode by organic vapor phase deposition; depositing a second layer on the first layer where the interface of the first and second layers forms a bulk heterojunction; and depositing another electrode over the second layer.
摘要翻译：制造光电器件的方法包括：在第一电极上沉积具有突起的第一层，其中第一层包含第一有机小分子材料; 在所述第一层上沉积第二层，使得所述第二层与所述第一层物理接触; 其中突起的最小横向尺寸为第一有机小分子材料的激子扩散长度的1至5倍; 以及在所述第二层上沉积第二电极以形成所述光电器件。还提供了制造具有体异质结的有机光电子器件的方法，其包括：通过有机气相沉积在电极上沉积具有突起的第一层; 在第一层上沉积第二层，其中第一和第二层的界面形成体异质结; 并在第二层上沉积另一电极。

46. 发明申请

US20050196895A1 Organic triodes with novel grid structures and method of production 有权
公开(公告)号：US20050196895A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-08
申请号：US11114715
申请日：2005-04-25
申请人： Marc Baldo , Peter Peumans , Stephen Forrest , Changsoon Kim
发明人： Marc Baldo , Peter Peumans , Stephen Forrest , Changsoon Kim
IPC分类号： H01L27/28 , H01L51/40 , H01L29/08
CPC分类号： H01L51/0504 , H01L27/28 , H01L51/0508
摘要： An organic semiconductor device is provided. The device has a first electrode and a second electrode, with an organic semiconductor layer disposed between the first and second electrodes. An electrically conductive grid is disposed within the organic semiconductor layer, which has openings in which the organic semiconductor layer is present. At least one insulating layer is disposed adjacent to the electrically conductive grid, preferably such that the electrically conductive grid is completely separated from the organic semiconductor layer by the insulating layer. Methods of fabricating the device, and the electrically conductive grid in particular, are also provided. In one method, openings are formed in an electrically conductive layer with a patterned die, which is then removed. In another method, an electrically conductive layer and a first insulating layer are etched through the mask to expose portions of a first electrode. In yet another method, a patterned die is pressed into a first organic semiconductor layer to create texture in the surface of the first organic semiconductor layer, and then removed. An electrically conductive material is then deposited onto the first organic semiconductor layer from an angle to form a grid having openings as a result of the textured surface and the angular deposition. In each of the methods, insulating layers are preferably deposited or otherwise formed during the process to completely separate the electrically conductive layer from previously and subsequently deposited organic semiconductor layers.

47. 发明申请

US20050136232A1 Organic photosensitive optoelectronic device with an exciton blocking layer 失效
标题翻译：具有激子阻挡层的有机光敏光电器件
公开(公告)号：US20050136232A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-23
申请号：US11035818
申请日：2005-01-14
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Vladimir Bulovic , Peter Peumans
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Vladimir Bulovic , Peter Peumans
IPC分类号： H01L51/42 , B32B9/04 , H01L31/06 , H01L51/00 , H01L51/30
CPC分类号： H01L51/4246 , B82Y10/00 , H01L27/302 , H01L27/305 , H01L27/307 , H01L51/0037 , H01L51/005 , H01L51/0053 , H01L51/0071 , H01L51/0072 , H01L51/0078 , H01L51/4273 , H01L2251/308 , Y02E10/549 , Y10S428/913 , Y10T428/24942
摘要： Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices (“OPODs”) are disclosed which include an exciton blocking layer to enhance device efficiency. Single heterostructure, stacked and wave-guide type embodiments are disclosed. Photodetector OPODs having multilayer structures and an exciton blocking layer are also disclosed. Guidelines for selection of exciton blocking layers are provided.
摘要翻译：公开了包括激子阻挡层以提高器件效率的有机光敏光电器件（“OPOD”）。公开了单异质结构，堆叠和波导型实施例。还公开了具有多层结构和激子阻挡层的光检测器OPOD。提供了选择激子阻挡层的准则。

48. 发明申请

US20050110005A1 Bipolar organic devices 有权
标题翻译：双极有机器件
公开(公告)号：US20050110005A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-26
申请号：US10721072
申请日：2003-11-26
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Jiangeng Xue
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Jiangeng Xue
IPC分类号： H01L51/00 , H01L51/30
CPC分类号： H01L51/0504 , H01L51/002 , H01L51/0051 , H01L51/0052 , H01L51/0062
摘要： An organic device is provided, having a first electrode and a second electrode. A first organic layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first organic layer includes a first organic material, with a concentration of at least 50% molar, and a second organic material, with a concentration less than 50% molar. A second organic layer is also disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second organic layer includes the second organic material, with a concentration of at least 50% molar, and the first organic material, with a concentration less than 50% molar. The first organic material may act as an n-dopant in the second organic layer, and the second organic material may act as a p-dopant in the first organic layer. Alternately, the first organic material may act as a p-dopant in the second organic layer, and the second organic material may act as an n-dopant in the first organic layer. Exemplary materials for the first and second organic materials include PTCDA and BTQBT. Devices that may be fabricated include organic light emitting devices, organic transistors, and organic photosensitive devices. Preferably, the electron affinity of the first organic material is within about 0.4 eV of the ionization potential of the second organic material, and more preferably within about 0.2 eV. The first and second organic layers may also be used in separate devices fabricated on the same substrate. A method of fabricating devices is provided, by co-depositing the first and second organic materials at different concentrations in different layers, such that a different material is the host in different layers.
摘要翻译：提供了具有第一电极和第二电极的有机器件。第一有机层设置在第一电极和第二电极之间。第一有机层包括浓度为至少50％摩尔的第一有机材料和浓度小于50％摩尔的第二有机材料。第二有机层也设置在第一电极和第二电极之间。第二有机层包括浓度至少为50％摩尔的第二有机材料和第一有机材料，其浓度小于50％摩尔。第一有机材料可以在第二有机层中充当n掺杂剂，并且第二有机材料可以在第一有机层中充当p掺杂剂。或者，第一有机材料可以在第二有机层中用作p掺杂剂，并且第二有机材料可以在第一有机层中充当n掺杂剂。用于第一和第二有机材料的示例性材料包括PTCDA和BTQBT。可以制造的器件包括有机发光器件，有机晶体管和有机光敏器件。优选地，第一有机材料的电子亲和力在第二有机材料的电离电位的约0.4eV内，更优选在约0.2eV内。第一和第二有机层也可以用在同一衬底上制造的分开的器件中。提供一种制造器件的方法，通过在不同层中以不同浓度共沉积第一和第二有机材料，使得不同的材料是不同层中的主体。

49. 发明申请

US20050074629A1 Doping of organic opto-electronic devices to extend reliability 有权
标题翻译：掺杂有机光电器件可扩展可靠性
公开(公告)号：US20050074629A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-07
申请号：US10680065
申请日：2003-10-06
申请人： Stephen Forrest , Brian D'Andrade , Anna Chwang
发明人： Stephen Forrest , Brian D'Andrade , Anna Chwang
IPC分类号： H01L51/00 , H01L51/30 , H01L51/40 , H01L51/42 , H01L51/50 , H01L51/54 , H05B33/12
CPC分类号： H01L51/5096 , H01L51/002 , H01L51/0035 , H01L51/0051 , H01L51/0081 , H01L51/0085 , H01L51/42 , H01L51/5016 , H01L51/5048 , H01L51/5052 , H01L2251/308 , Y02E10/549 , Y10S428/917
摘要： The present invention is directed to multi-layer organic devices having improved stability, wherein at least one layer of the device comprises a host material that is morphologically unstable and a dopant material that provides improved morphological properties to the layer. The layer may be incorporated into, for example, OLEDs, organic phototransistors, organic photovoltaic cells, and organic photodetectors.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及具有改进的稳定性的多层有机器件，其中该器件的至少一层包括形态不稳定的主体材料和提供该层的改进的形态特性的掺杂剂材料。该层可以结合到例如OLED，有机光电晶体管，有机光伏电池和有机光电检测器中。

50. 发明申请

US20050061364A1 Solar cells 有权
标题翻译：太阳能电池
公开(公告)号：US20050061364A1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-24
申请号：US10876951
申请日：2004-06-24
申请人： Peter Peumans , Soichi Uchida , Stephen Forrest
发明人： Peter Peumans , Soichi Uchida , Stephen Forrest
IPC分类号： B05D3/02 , B05D5/06 , B05D5/12 , H01L31/00 , H01L51/00 , H01L51/42
CPC分类号： H01L51/4253 , H01L51/0026 , H01L51/0053 , H01L51/0078 , H01L51/424 , H01L51/4246 , H01L2251/308 , Y02E10/549
摘要： Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed. The devises are thin-film crystalline organic optoelectronic devices capable of generating a voltage when exposed to light, and prepared by a method including the steps of: depositing a first organic layer over a first electrode; depositing a second organic layer over the first organic layer; depositing a confining layer over the second organic layer to form a stack; annealing the stack; and finally depositing a second electrode over the second organic layer.
摘要翻译：公开了有机光敏光电器件。这些设计是能够在暴露于光时产生电压的薄膜结晶有机光电器件，并且通过包括以下步骤的方法制备：在第一电极上沉积第一有机层; 在所述第一有机层上沉积第二有机层; 在第二有机层上沉积限制层以形成堆叠; 退火堆最后在第二有机层上沉积第二电极。

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