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    • 45. 发明申请
    • DRILLING FLUIDS CONTAINING BIODEGRADABLE ORGANOPHILIC CLAY
    • 含有生物可降解有机粘土的钻井液
    • WO2006079775A1
    • 2006-08-03
    • PCT/GB2006/000049
    • 2006-01-09
    • HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES, INCCURTIS, Philip, AnthonyMILLER, Jeffrey, J.
    • MILLER, Jeffrey, J.
    • C09K8/14C09K8/36
    • C09K8/36C09K8/145
    • Drilling fluids are provided that comprise an organophilic clay treated with a quaternary ammonium surfactant having an amide linkage. The quaternary ammonium surfactant may comprise a compound generally represented by formula (I); where M" is an anion such as a chloride, methyl sulfate, bromide, acetate, or iodide ion; R 1 is an alkyl group such as a saturated hydrocarbon with 10 or more carbons; R 2 , R 3 , and R 4 are the same or different alkyl groups such as a methyl, ethyl, or benzyl group, and x is greater than or equal to 1. The organophilic clay treated in this manner is substantially biodegradable. In embodiments, the drilling fluids comprise the foregoing organophilic clay, an oil-based fluid and a weighting agent. In still more embodiments, the drilling fluids comprise the foregoing organophilic clay, an invert emulsion, an emulsifier, and a weighting agent.
    • 提供钻井液,其包含用具有酰胺键的季铵表面活性剂处理的亲有机物质粘土。 季铵表面活性剂可以包含通常由式(I)表示的化合物; 其中M“是阴离子如氯化物,甲基硫酸盐,溴化物,乙酸盐或碘离子; R 1是烷基,例如具有10个或更多个碳的饱和烃; R 1, R 2,R 3和R 4是相同或不同的烷基,例如甲基,乙基或苄基,x大于或 以这种方式处理的亲有机质的粘土基本上是可生物降解的,在实施方案中,钻井流体包括上述亲有机粘土,油基流体和加重剂。在更多实施方案中,钻井液包含上述亲有机质的粘土 ,反相乳液,乳化剂和加重剂。
    • 47. 发明申请
    • IONIC POLYMER MEMBRANES
    • 离子聚合物膜
    • WO2006028529A2
    • 2006-03-16
    • PCT/US2005017547
    • 2005-05-19
    • BP CORP NORTH AMERICA INCGEORGIA TECH RES INSTMILLER JEFFREY THUFF GEORGE A JRKOROS WILLIAM JOHNHOPPIN CHARLES RICHARD
    • MILLER JEFFREY THUFF GEORGE A JRKOROS WILLIAM JOHNHOPPIN CHARLES RICHARD
    • B01D71/56
    • B01D53/228B01D71/82
    • Compositions and processes are disclosed for economical separation of fluid mixtures. Broadly, the present invention discloses ionic polymer compositions that are useful for perm-selective membrane separations. More particularly, ionic polymers of the invention comprise a plurality of repeating structural units having as a constituent part thereof organic ionic moieties consisting of nitrogen containing anions and/or cations. In the form of non-porous membranes, ionic polymers of the invention facilitate recovery of purified organic and inorganic products from fluid mixtures by means of perm-selective membrane separations. The present invention also provides methods for forming the ionic polymers, for example by treating selected nitrogen-containing organic polymers with acids, or treating a polymeric material comprising a plurality of carboxylate groups with an amine. Ionic polymer compositions of the invention are particularly useful for simultaneous recovery of a permeate product of an increased concentration, and a desired non-permeate stream, from a fluid mixture containing at least two compounds of different boiling point temperatures.
    • 公开了用于经济地分离流体混合物的组合物和方法。 广义地说,本发明公开了用于渗透选择性膜分离的离子聚合物组合物。 更特别地,本发明的离子聚合物包含多个重复结构单元,所述重复结构单元具有作为其组成部分的由含氮阴离子和/或阳离子组成的有机离子部分。 采用无孔膜的形式,本发明的离子聚合物利于通过选择性渗透膜分离从流体混合物中回收纯化的有机和无机产物。 本发明还提供了用于形成离子聚合物的方法,例如通过用酸处理选定的含氮有机聚合物,或用胺处理包含多个羧酸盐基团的聚合物材料。 本发明的离子聚合物组合物特别适用于从含有至少两种不同沸点温度的化合物的流体混合物中同时回收增加浓度的渗透产物和期望的非渗透物流。
    • 48. 发明申请
    • METHODS AND COMPOSTIONS FOR TARGETED CLEAVAGE AND RECOMBINATION
    • 用于目标清除和重构的方法和组合
    • WO2005084190A2
    • 2005-09-15
    • PCT/US2005/003245
    • 2005-02-03
    • SANGAMO BIOSCIENCES, INC.MILLER, Jeffrey C.ZHANG, Lei
    • MILLER, Jeffrey C.ZHANG, Lei
    • C07K14/435C07K14/47C07K14/715C12N9/14C12N9/22C12N15/62C12P19/34C12Q1/68
    • A61K35/12C07K14/43595C07K14/4717C07K14/715C07K2319/00C07K2319/09C07K2319/81C12N9/14C12N9/22C12N15/62C12N15/85C12N2800/80
    • Disclosed herein are methods and compositions for targeted cleavage of a genomic sequence, targeted alteration of a genomic sequence, and targeted recombination between a genomic region and an exogenous polynucleotide homologous to the genomic region. The compositions include fusion proteins comprising a cleavage domain (or cleavage half-domain) and an engineered zinc finger domain, as well as polynucleotides encoding same. Fusion proteins comprising cleavage half-domains are used in pairs, to reconstitute a functional cleavage domain. In these fusion proteins, the zinc finger domain can be N-terminal to the cleavage half-domain, or the cleavage half-domain can be N-terminal to the zinc finger domain. The availability of fusion endonucleases having these different polarities allows targeting (and thereby binding) of zinc finger endonucleases either to opposite strands of the DNA target or to the same strand of the DNA target, thereby increasing the number of possible sequences which can be targeted and cleaved by the fusion proteins.
    • 本文公开了用于基因组序列的靶向切割,基因组序列的靶向改变以及基因组区域和与该基因组区域同源的外源多核苷酸之间的靶向重组的方法和组合物。 组合物包括包含切割结构域(或切割半结构域)和工程化锌指结构域的融合蛋白,以及编码它们的多核苷酸。 包含切割半结构域的融合蛋白成对使用,以重构功能性切割结构域。 在这些融合蛋白中,锌指结构域可以是切割半结构域的N末端,或者切割半结构域可以是锌指结构域的N末端。 具有这些不同极性的融合核酸内切酶的可得性允许锌指核酸内切酶与DNA靶的相对链或DNA靶的相同链靶向(从而结合),从而增加可靶向的可能序列的数目, 被融合蛋白切割。