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31. 发明授权

US5414583A Current source bus terminator with voltage clamping and steady state power reduction 失效
标题翻译：具有电压钳位和稳态功率降低的电流源总线终端器
公开(公告)号：US5414583A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-09
申请号：US195488
申请日：1994-02-14
申请人： Mark Jordan
发明人： Mark Jordan
IPC分类号： G06F13/40 , H03K5/00
CPC分类号： H04L25/0298 , G06F13/4086 , Y02B60/1228 , Y02B60/1235
摘要： A bus terminator, for a computer bus, which is capable of providing maximum allowable current to the bus, voltage clamping of the bus and steady state power reduction when the bus is in the positive steady state.
摘要翻译：一种用于计算机总线的总线终端器，其能够在总线处于正稳定状态时向总线提供最大允许电流，总线的钳位和稳态功率降低。

32. 发明授权

US5206540A Transformer isolated drive circuit 失效
标题翻译：变压器隔离驱动电路
公开(公告)号：US5206540A
公开(公告)日：1993-04-27
申请号：US697895
申请日：1991-05-09
申请人： Claudio de Sa e Silva , Jeffrey D. Putsch , Varnum S. Holland , Wilburn M. Miller
发明人： Claudio de Sa e Silva , Jeffrey D. Putsch , Varnum S. Holland , Wilburn M. Miller
IPC分类号： H03K17/082 , H03K17/687 , H03K17/691
CPC分类号： H03K17/691 , H03K17/0822 , H03K17/6877 , Y10T307/839
摘要： A transformer isolated circuit for driving a semiconductor power switch includes a transformer which is driven with a high frequency Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal in such a way that the constantly present PWM carrier supplies the power needed for high gate current pulses, while different duty cycles determine the "on" or "off" state of the power device under control. Transformer saturation is prevented by sensing primary current and returning it to zero once per PWM cycle. Because of the high PWM carrier frequency used, the average transformer power is low, yet the secondary side is able to deliver high pulse currents for fast "on-off" switching of the gate of even the largest N- or P-channel device, without need for auxiliary power supplies. Also included are provisions for extremely fast output current limiting, for use where short circuit protection is necessary. Discussion of a monolithic implementation is included.
摘要翻译：用于驱动半导体功率开关的变压器隔离电路包括以高频脉冲宽度调制（PWM）信号驱动的变压器，使得恒定存在的PWM载波提供高栅极电流脉冲所需的功率，同时不同的占空比循环决定控制下的电源设备的“开”或“关”状态。通过感测初级电流并使其在每个PWM周期将其返回零一次来防止变压器饱和。由于使用高PWM载波频率，平均变压器功率很低，而次级侧能够提供高脉冲电流，以便即使是最大的N型或P型通道器件的门极的快速“开 - 关”切换，无需辅助电源。还包括用于极快输出电流限制的规定，用于需要短路保护的场合。包括讨论一个单一的实现。

33. 发明授权

US4882533A Linear integrated circuit voltage drop generator having a base-10-emitter voltage independent current source therein 失效
标题翻译：线性集成电路压降发生器，其中具有基极 - 发射极电压独立的电流源
公开(公告)号：US4882533A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-21
申请号：US312373
申请日：1989-02-15
申请人： Mark Kelley
发明人： Mark Kelley
IPC分类号： G05F3/26
CPC分类号： G05F3/265 , Y10S323/907
摘要： A voltage drop generator having a current source having reduced sensitivity to transistor base-emitter voltage process and temperature induced variations, is used to generate a precise voltage drop across a resistor. Transistor emitter area ratios are selected and an additional resistance is used in conjunction with the selected ratios to reduce the sensitivity (of the output voltage drop) to base-emitter voltages, to provide substantial improvement in process and temperature dependent output variations.
摘要翻译：使用具有对晶体管基极 - 发射极电压处理和温度诱导的变化具有降低的灵敏度的电流源的电压降发生器，以在电阻器两端产生精确的电压降。选择晶体管发射极面积比，并且使用额外的电阻与所选择的比率相结合，以降低基极 - 发射极电压的灵敏度（输出电压降），从而显着改善工艺和温度相关输出变化。

34. 发明授权

US4716514A Synchronous power rectifier 失效
标题翻译：同步电源整流器
公开(公告)号：US4716514A
公开(公告)日：1987-12-29
申请号：US910313
申请日：1986-09-22
申请人： Raoji Patel
发明人： Raoji Patel
IPC分类号： H02M3/335 , H02M7/217
CPC分类号： H02M3/3353 , H02M3/33592 , Y02B70/1475
摘要： A synchronous power rectifier incorporating a bipolar power transistor operable in a switching mode to rectify the energy from a secondary winding of a power transformer. The synchronous rectifier reduces or eliminates the need of rectifier diodes, which provides power rectification without the power loss associated with the rectifier diode voltage drops. Moreover, the present invention includes further refinements of the circuit, including adjustment of the rectifier switching time to accommodate delayed turn-off times of bipolar power devices, and adjustment of the switching signal duration to provide output voltage regulation independent of the excitation of the transformer primary. The resulting embodiments of the present invention provide a modular switching power supply circuit of high efficiency, which may be operable together in combination to provide multiple output voltages.
摘要翻译：并联有双功能晶体管的同步功率整流器，其以开关模式工作，以对来自电力变压器的次级绕组的能量进行整流。同步整流器减少或消除了整流二极管的需要，其提供功率整流，而没有与整流二极管电压降相关联的功率损耗。此外，本发明还包括电路的进一步改进，包括调整整流器开关时间以适应双极功率器件的延迟关断时间，以及调节开关信号持续时间以提供与变压器的激励无关的输出电压调节主。本发明的最终实施例提供了高效率的模块化开关电源电路，其可以组合地一起工作以提供多个输出电压。

35. 发明授权

US6115469A Telephone line ring signal and DC power generator 有权
标题翻译：电话线路振铃信号和直流发电机
公开(公告)号：US6115469A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US139809
申请日：1998-08-25
申请人： Dhaval Dalal , Jimmy A. Walker
发明人： Dhaval Dalal , Jimmy A. Walker
IPC分类号： H04M3/00 , H04M19/00 , H04M19/02 , H04M7/00 , H02M5/00
CPC分类号： H04M19/02 , H04M19/00 , H04M3/005
摘要： A ring generator circuit provides both a ring signal and talk battery to a subscriber telephone line. The ring generator recognizes whether talk battery voltage or a ring signal voltage is required and supplies the right voltage without the use of external relays. A switching network is coupled to the primary of a transformer to generate AC power at the transformer secondary. The switches intermittently conduct current from a DC power source through the primary of the transformer at a frequency substantially greater than the ring signal. A rectifier circuit converts the generated AC power into DC power to be provided to the telephone line. A sampling circuit samples the AC power, and the sampled power is additively combined with the DC power from the rectifier to form a ring signal component whose frequency is equal to the difference between the sampling frequency and the AC power frequency. When a ring signal is to be provided to the line, the AC power is sampled at a frequency that differs from the AC power frequency by the desired ring signal frequency. When talk battery is to be provided to the line, the AC power is sampled at the same frequency as the frequency of the AC power, so that the resulting AC component of the telephone line voltage is zero.
摘要翻译：环形发生器电路向用户电话线路提供振铃信号和通话电池。环形发生器识别是否需要通话电池电压或振铃信号电压，并且不使用外部继电器提供正确的电压。开关网络耦合到变压器的初级以在变压器次级产生AC电力。开关间断地以大于环形信号的频率从直流电源通过变压器的初级电流。整流电路将产生的交流电转换为直流电，以提供给电话线。采样电路对AC电源进行采样，并将采样功率与来自整流器的直流电力相加组合，形成频率等于采样频率与交流电源频率之差的振铃信号分量。当要向线路提供振铃信号时，以与期望的振铃信号频率的交流电源频率不同的频率对AC功率进行采样。当提供通话电池时，交流电源以与交流电源的频率相同的频率进行采样，从而使得电话线电压的最终交流分量为零。

36. 发明授权

US6114835A Multi-cell battery pack charge balancing circuit 有权
标题翻译：多节电池组充电平衡电路
公开(公告)号：US6114835A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US360746
申请日：1999-07-26
申请人： Burt L. Price
发明人： Burt L. Price
IPC分类号： H02J7/00
CPC分类号： H02J7/0018
摘要： A charge balancing circuit incorporates a voltage threshold which determines when to initiate a charge balance mode in order to equalize the level of charge in at least two cells of a multi-cell battery pack. Charge balancing is initiated when the voltage level of a first cell reaches this second threshold. Charge balancing then continues by modifying the charges of the first balance cell and a second reference lesser charged cell until the voltage levels of the first and second cells are equal. A subsequent charge cycle will result in the cell with the greatest charge being balanced with another of lesser charge. In this manner, all of the cells of a multi-cell battery pack are charge balanced over the course of plural charge cycles.
摘要翻译：电荷平衡电路包括电压阈值，其确定何时启动电荷平衡模式，以便均衡多单元电池组的至少两个单元中的电荷水平。当第一个单元的电压电平达到第二个阈值时，开始充电平衡。然后通过修改第一平衡单元和第二参考较小充电单元的电荷直到第一和第二单元的电压电平相等来继续电荷平衡。随后的充电周期将导致具有最大电荷的电池与另一较小电荷平衡。以这种方式，多单元电池组的所有单元在多个充电周期的过程中被电荷平衡。

37. 发明授权

US5929577A Brushless DC motor controller 失效
标题翻译：无刷直流电机控制器
公开(公告)号：US5929577A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-27
申请号：US972095
申请日：1997-11-17
申请人： Robert A. Neidorff , David S. Zendzian , John A. O'Connor
发明人： Robert A. Neidorff , David S. Zendzian , John A. O'Connor
IPC分类号： H02P6/18 , H02K23/00
CPC分类号： H02P6/182
摘要： A brushless DC motor controller including a track and hold circuit responsive to the voltage at the motor centertap terminal and the voltage across at least one motor winding in order to determine the position of the rotor by detecting zero crossings of the back EMF of the unenergized winding in a manner having reduced susceptibility to noise. In one embodiment, the output of the track and hold circuit is interpolated to reduce the effects of pulse width modulation noise on rotor position detection. The drive signals controlling a plurality of electronically controlled switches which effect energization of the windings are chopped in order to control the speed of the motor. In one embodiment, the switch connected to a positive voltage is chopped when the sensed back EMF is positive and the switch connected to the negative voltage is chopped when the sensed back EMF is negative. Also provided is a PWM disable circuit for selectively disabling a PWM signal used to chop the drive signals in order to further reduce the effects of noise on rotor position detection.
摘要翻译：一种无刷直流电动机控制器，其包括响应于电动机中心端子处的电压的轨道和保持电路以及跨越至少一个电动机绕组的电压，以便通过检测未通电绕组的反电动势的过零点来确定转子的位置以降低对噪声的敏感性的方式。在一个实施例中，内插轨道和保持电路的输出以减少脉宽调制噪声对转子位置检测的影响。控制多个电子控制开关的驱动信号，其实现绕组的通电，以便控制电机的速度。在一个实施例中，当检测到的反电动势为正时，连接到正电压的开关被切断，当感测的反电动势为负时，连接到负电压的开关被切断。还提供了一种PWM禁止电路，用于选择性地禁用用于斩波驱动信号的PWM信号，以进一步减少噪声对转子位置检测的影响。

38. 发明授权

US5648780A Digital to analog converter 失效
标题翻译：数模转换器
公开(公告)号：US5648780A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-15
申请号：US536621
申请日：1995-09-28
申请人： Robert Alan Neidorff
发明人： Robert Alan Neidorff
IPC分类号： H03M1/68 , H03M1/76 , H03M1/80 , H03M1/78
CPC分类号： H03M1/682 , H03M1/765 , H03M1/808
摘要： A multi-stage digital to analog converter with increased speed and enhanced accuracy. Multiple resistor ladders are interconnected through switches with the first resistor ladder converting the most significant bits and successive ladders converting lesser significant bits. The resistance values of the resistors of each ladder are greater than those of the preceding ladders in order to minimize inaccuracies due to loading. In one embodiment, the last resistor ladder, processing the least significant bits of the digital word to be converted, is a binary weighted resistor divider. A monolithic fabrication technique includes a common resistor biasing scheme to switch the voltage across parasitic capacitances associated with the resistors in each ladder in common mode, thereby increasing the converter speed.
摘要翻译：多级数模转换器，提高速度，提高精度。多个电阻梯通过开关互连，第一个电阻梯转换最高有效位，连续的梯子转换较小的有效位。每个梯子的电阻器的电阻值大于前述梯子的电阻值，以便最小化由于负载引起的不准确性。在一个实施例中，处理要转换的数字字的最低有效位的最后一个电阻梯是二进制加权电阻分压器。单片制造技术包括公共电阻器偏置方案，用于在共模中切换与每个梯形图中的电阻器相关的寄生电容的电压，从而提高转换器速度。

39. 发明授权

US5585741A Impedance emulator 失效
标题翻译：阻抗仿真器
公开(公告)号：US5585741A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US425959
申请日：1995-04-19
申请人： Mark Jordan
发明人： Mark Jordan
IPC分类号： G06F3/00 , G05F1/56 , H03H11/46 , H03K17/16 , H03K19/0175 , H03K19/0944
CPC分类号： H04L25/0298 , G05F1/56
摘要： A low capacitance impedance emulator suitable for active conductor termination. The impedance emulator includes an emulating FET and a control circuit coupled to the gate of the emulating FET for maintaining the FET in a linear region of operation. The control circuit includes a control FET, an impedance setting resistor, and an amplifier. The control FET is driven in a closed-loop fashion so that the impedance of the control FET has a known relationship with respect to that of the resistor. The output of the amplifier controls the conduction of both the emulating and control FETs so that the emulating FET provides an impedance proportional to that of the control FET and thus, related to the impedance of the resistor. A disconnect feature is provided, whereby the impedance emulator is responsive to a disconnect signal for disconnecting the impedance provided by the emulating FET. The impedance provided by the emulating FET is selectable by adjusting the impedance setting resistor or, in one embodiment, the impedance is selectable in response to an impedance selection signal which causes one of a plurality of FETs to operate as the emulating FET. An NMOS FET having features providing enhanced ESD performance is also provided.
摘要翻译：适用于有源导体端接的低电容阻抗仿真器。阻抗仿真器包括仿真FET和耦合到仿真FET的栅极的控制电路，用于将FET保持在线性操作区域。控制电路包括控制FET，阻抗设定电阻和放大器。控制FET以闭环方式驱动，使得控制FET的阻抗与电阻器的阻抗成为已知关系。放大器的输出控制仿真和控制FET的导通，使得仿真FET提供与控制FET的阻抗成比例的阻抗，因此与电阻器的阻抗相关。提供断开连接功能，由此阻抗仿真器响应于断开信号以断开由仿真FET提供的阻抗。仿真FET提供的阻抗可以通过调整阻抗设定电阻来选择，或者在一个实施例中，响应于使多个FET中的一个FET作为仿真FET工作的阻抗选择信号来选择阻抗。还提供了具有提供增强的ESD性能的特征的NMOS FET。

40. 发明授权

US5581170A Battery protector 失效
标题翻译：电池保护器
公开(公告)号：US5581170A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US512309
申请日：1995-08-08
申请人： Robert A. Mammano , Larry Wofford , Winthrop H. McClure , Burt L. Price
发明人： Robert A. Mammano , Larry Wofford , Winthrop H. McClure , Burt L. Price
IPC分类号： H02J7/00
CPC分类号： H02J7/0019
摘要： A battery protector for providing overvoltage and undervoltage protection to one or more series-connected cells. The battery protector includes a voltage detection and comparison circuit, providing an overvoltage signal indicative of whether the voltage across any of the cells is greater than an overvoltage threshold level and an undervoltage signal indicative of whether the voltage across any of the cells is less than an undervoltage threshold level, and a switch connected in series with the current path between the cells and a charger and/or load. In one embodiment, the switch is a four-terminal FET and a bias control circuit is provided for selectively connecting the body region of the FET to ensure that current does not flow through the parasitic FET diodes. A second control circuit responsive to the overvoltage and undervoltage signals controls conduction of the switch, causing the switch to close if any of the following conditions occur: (1) the overvoltage and undervoltage signals do not indicate an overvoltage or undervoltage condition, respectively; (2) the overvoltage signal indicates an overvoltage condition, but the cells are attempting to discharge; or (3) the undervoltage signal indicates an undervoltage condition, but the charger is attempting to charge the cells.
摘要翻译：用于向一个或多个串联电池提供过压和欠压保护的电池保护器。电池保护器包括电压检测和比较电路，提供指示跨过任何单元的电压是否大于过电压阈值电平的过电压信号，以及指示跨过任何单元的电压是否小于欠压阈值电平，以及与电池与充电器和/或负载之间的电流路径串联连接的开关。在一个实施例中，开关是四端子FET，并且提供偏置控制电路用于选择性地连接FET的体区，以确保电流不流过寄生FET二极管。响应于过电压和欠压信号的第二控制电路控制开关的导通，如果出现以下情况，则开关闭合：（1）过电压和欠压信号分别不表示过压或欠压状态; （2）过电压信号表示过压状态，但电池正试图放电; 或（3）欠压信号表示欠电压状态，但充电器正试图对电池充电。

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