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31. 发明授权

US07567341B2 Optical navigation device adapted for navigation on a transparent structure 有权
标题翻译：适用于透明结构导航的光学导航装置
公开(公告)号：US07567341B2
公开(公告)日：2009-07-28
申请号：US11864301
申请日：2007-09-28
申请人： David W. Dolfi , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Annette Claire Grot
发明人： David W. Dolfi , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Annette Claire Grot
IPC分类号： G01P3/36
CPC分类号： G06F3/0317 , G06F3/03543
摘要： A technique for adapting an optical navigation device for navigation on a transparent structure such as a glass plate involves establishing a navigation window for navigation tracking, detecting reflected light within the navigation window, generating an output signal in response to the detected light, and adjusting a characteristic of the navigation window in response to the output signal. An optical navigation device includes an illumination system configured to output light, an image sensor configured to generate an output signal related to a detected portion of the light, and a transparent structure adapter module configured to adjust a navigation window of the image sensor in response to the output signal to adapt the optical navigation device for use directly on an opaque surface or for use on a transparent structure that is located between the optical navigation device and the opaque surface.
摘要翻译：适用于玻璃板等透明结构的导航用光学导航装置的技术包括建立导航跟踪用导航窗口，检测导航窗内的反射光，响应检测到的光产生输出信号，调整响应于输出信号的导航窗口的特性。光学导航装置包括被配置为输出光的照明系统，被配置为产生与被检测部分相关的输出信号的图像传感器;以及透明结构适配器模块，被配置为响应于图像传感器的导航窗口该输出信号使光学导航装置能够直接在不透明表面上使用，或者用于位于光学导航装置和不透明表面之间的透明结构上。

32. 发明申请

US20080246725A1 APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING THE POSITION OF A SCREEN POINTER WITH LOW SENSITIVITY TO PARTICLE CONTAMINATION 有权
标题翻译：用于控制具有低灵敏度的筛选点的位置用于颗粒污染的装置
公开(公告)号：US20080246725A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-09
申请号：US12060796
申请日：2008-04-01
申请人： Michael J. Brosnan , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Roopinder Singh Grewal , Mark M. Butterworth , Vincent C. Moyer , Tong Xie , Marshall T. Depue
发明人： Michael J. Brosnan , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Roopinder Singh Grewal , Mark M. Butterworth , Vincent C. Moyer , Tong Xie , Marshall T. Depue
IPC分类号： G06F3/033
CPC分类号： G01M11/00 , G06F3/0317
摘要： An apparatus for controlling the position of a screen pointer includes an at least partially coherent light source for illuminating an imaging surface, thereby generating reflected images. The apparatus includes a navigation sensor for generating digital images based on the reflected images, performing a movement computation based on the digital images, generating movement data based on the movement computation that is indicative of relative motion between the imaging surface and the apparatus, wherein the movement computation has a low sensitivity to effects in the digital images caused by particle contamination.
摘要翻译：用于控制屏幕指针的位置的装置包括用于照射成像表面的至少部分相干的光源，从而产生反射的图像。该装置包括：导航传感器，用于基于反射图像生成数字图像，基于数字图像执行移动计算;基于指示成像表面和装置之间的相对运动的运动计算产生移动数据;其中，运动计算对由颗粒污染引起的数字图像的影响具有低的灵敏度。

33. 发明申请

US20080158540A1 OPTICAL NAVIGATION DEVICE ADAPTED FOR NAVIGATION ON A TRANSPARENT STRUCTURE 有权
标题翻译：适用于透明结构导航的光学导航装置
公开(公告)号：US20080158540A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-03
申请号：US11864301
申请日：2007-09-28
申请人： David W. Dolfi , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Annette Claire Grot
发明人： David W. Dolfi , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Annette Claire Grot
IPC分类号： G01P3/38
CPC分类号： G06F3/0317 , G06F3/03543
摘要： A technique for adapting an optical navigation device for navigation on a transparent structure such as a glass plate involves establishing a navigation window for navigation tracking, detecting reflected light within the navigation window, generating an output signal in response to the detected light, and adjusting a characteristic of the navigation window in response to the output signal. An optical navigation device includes an illumination system configured to output light, an image sensor configured to generate an output signal related to a detected portion of the light, and a transparent structure adapter module configured to adjust a navigation window of the image sensor in response to the output signal to adapt the optical navigation device for use directly on an opaque surface or for use on a transparent structure that is located between the optical navigation device and the opaque surface.
摘要翻译：适用于玻璃板等透明结构的导航用光学导航装置的技术包括建立导航跟踪用导航窗口，检测导航窗内的反射光，响应检测到的光产生输出信号，调整响应于输出信号的导航窗口的特性。光学导航装置包括被配置为输出光的照明系统，被配置为产生与被检测部分相关的输出信号的图像传感器;以及透明结构适配器模块，被配置为响应于图像传感器的导航窗口该输出信号使光学导航装置能够直接在不透明表面上使用，或者用于位于光学导航装置和不透明表面之间的透明结构上。

34. 发明授权

US07176442B2 Optical navigation device with optical navigation quality detector 有权
标题翻译：光学导航仪器配有光学导航质量检测仪
公开(公告)号：US07176442B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US10918500
申请日：2004-08-13
申请人： David Charles Feldmeier , Ramakrishna Kakarala , John Stewart Wenstrand
发明人： David Charles Feldmeier , Ramakrishna Kakarala , John Stewart Wenstrand
IPC分类号： G06M7/00 , G09G5/08
CPC分类号： G06F3/0317 , G06F3/03543 , G06F3/0383
摘要： An optical navigation system, e.g. optical mouse, determines optical navigation quality by examining some or all of the photosensors of a frame or monitoring intermediate or final results of the motion estimation system. The optical navigation quality is then used to determine the navigation output produced by the optical navigation system.
摘要翻译：光学导航系统，例如光学鼠标，通过检查帧的一些或全部光电传感器或监视运动估计系统的中间或最终结果来确定光学导航质量。然后光学导航质量用于确定由光学导航系统产生的导航输出。

35. 发明授权

US07015961B2 Digital image system and method for combining demosaicing and bad pixel correction 有权
标题翻译：用于组合去马赛克和坏像素校正的数字图像系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07015961B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-21
申请号：US10222150
申请日：2002-08-16
申请人： Ramakrishna Kakarala
发明人： Ramakrishna Kakarala
IPC分类号： H04N9/64 , H04N5/335 , H04N5/228 , G06K9/32
CPC分类号： G06T3/4015 , G06T5/005 , G06T5/20 , G06T7/0004 , G06T2207/10024 , H04N5/367 , H04N9/045 , H04N9/07
摘要： A digital image system and method for combining bad pixel correction and demosaicing in a single process is provided by interpolating sensor values for pixels immediately spatially adjacent to the current pixel being examined to detect defective pixels, and using the interpolated values for demosaicing. If the sensor value of the current pixel being examined is outside of a range of sensor values determined from the interpolated values by more than a configurable threshold amount, the current pixel is considered defective, and replaced using an estimated value from the neighboring pixels. The interpolated values calculated for use in detecting bad pixels can further be used as the interpolated values for demosaicing purposes
摘要翻译：在单个处理中组合坏像素校正和去马赛克的数字图像系统和方法是通过对与正在检查的当前像素空间相邻的像素内插传感器值来检测缺陷像素，并使用内插值进行去马赛克。如果正在检查的当前像素的传感器值超出从内插值确定的超过可配置阈值量的传感器值的范围之外，则认为当前像素是有缺陷的，并且使用来自相邻像素的估计值进行替换。计算出的用于检测不良像素的内插值可进一步用作去镶嵌目的的内插值

36. 发明申请

US20140161320A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TRACKING MOTION OF A DEVICE 有权
标题翻译：跟踪设备运动的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20140161320A1
公开(公告)日：2014-06-12
申请号：US14234832
申请日：2012-07-16
申请人： Ramakrishna Kakarala
发明人： Ramakrishna Kakarala
IPC分类号： G06T7/20
CPC分类号： G06T7/204 , G06F3/0304 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/03543 , G06T7/248
摘要： The present invention relates to a method for tracking the motion of a device across a surface. The method repeats the following steps: (a) acquiring, using the device, an input image showing an input area of the surface; (b) comparing the input image to a plurality of current reference images to estimate the displacement between the input image and each current reference image; (c) deciding whether to update each current reference image based on the displacements estimated in step (b), and if said decision is positive, updating the current reference image to form an updated reference image; and (d) determining, based on the displacements, the motion of the device across the surface from an area shown in a previously acquired image to the input area. The previously acquired image may be a previously acquired input image or one of the current reference images.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于跟踪穿过表面的装置的运动的方法。该方法重复以下步骤：（a）使用该装置获取表示表面的输入区域的输入图像; （b）将输入图像与多个当前参考图像进行比较，以估计输入图像与每个当前参考图像之间的位移; （c）基于步骤（b）中估计的位移来决定是否更新每个当前参考图像，并且如果所述判定是肯定的，则更新当前参考图像以形成更新的参考图像; 以及（d）基于所述位移来确定所述装置在所述表面上从先前获取的图像中所示的区域到所述输入区域的运动。先前获取的图像可以是先前获取的输入图像或当前参考图像之一。

37. 发明申请

US20080298696A1 BUFFER MANAGEMENT FOR AN ADAPTIVE BUFFER VALUE USING ACCUMULATION AND AVERAGING 有权
标题翻译：使用累积和平均的自适应缓冲器值的缓冲管理
公开(公告)号：US20080298696A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-04
申请号：US11755646
申请日：2007-05-30
申请人： Ramakrishna Kakarala , Alexander C. Schneider
发明人： Ramakrishna Kakarala , Alexander C. Schneider
IPC分类号： G06K9/36 , G06K7/10
CPC分类号： H04N5/772 , H04N5/23245 , H04N5/23248 , H04N5/907
摘要： An optical imaging system with dynamic buffer management is described. Embodiments of the optical imaging system include an image sensor, a buffer, and a buffer mode controller. The image sensor includes a pixel array to read out a plurality of pixel lines for a frame of an image. The buffer is configured to store a plurality of buffer values corresponding to a plurality of pixel values for each of the pixel lines. The buffer mode controller is configured to dynamically switch between an accumulation mode and an averaging mode. The accumulation mode facilitates a computation of each buffer value according to a sum value of the corresponding pixel value and a corresponding previous buffer value. The averaging mode facilitates a computation of each buffer value according to an average value of a normalized value of the corresponding pixel value and the corresponding previous buffer value.
摘要翻译：描述了具有动态缓冲器管理的光学成像系统。光学成像系统的实施例包括图像传感器，缓冲器和缓冲模式控制器。图像传感器包括用于读出用于图像帧的多个像素线的像素阵列。缓冲器被配置为存储与每个像素线对应的多个像素值的多个缓冲器值。缓冲模式控制器被配置为在累加模式和平均模式之间动态切换。累加模式有助于根据相应像素值和对应的先前缓冲器值的和值来计算每个缓冲器值。平均模式有助于根据对应的像素值和对应的先前缓冲器值的归一化值的平均值来计算每个缓冲器值。

38. 发明申请

US20080252602A1 DYNAMICALLY RECONFIGURABLE PIXEL ARRAY FOR OPTICAL NAVIGATION 有权
标题翻译：用于光学导航的动态可重构像素阵列
公开(公告)号：US20080252602A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-16
申请号：US11734244
申请日：2007-04-11
申请人： Ramakrishna Kakarala , Annette C. Grot , David W. Dolfi
发明人： Ramakrishna Kakarala , Annette C. Grot , David W. Dolfi
IPC分类号： G09G5/08
CPC分类号： G06F3/0383 , G06F3/0317 , G06F3/03543
摘要： Embodiments of an apparatus are described. In one embodiment, the apparatus is an optical navigation circuit. In particular, the optical navigation circuit may be part of an optical navigation device. The optical navigation circuit includes an image sensor, dynamic reconfiguration logic, and a digital signal processor. The image sensor includes a pixel array to generate a plurality of electrical signals corresponding to incident light at the pixel array. The dynamic reconfiguration logic is coupled to the image sensor. The dynamic reconfiguration logic is configured to receive the plurality of electrical signals from the pixel array and to generate a plurality of reconfigured electrical signals based on the plurality of electrical signals from the pixel array. The digital signal processor is coupled to the dynamic reconfiguration logic. The digital signal processor is configured to receive the plurality of reconfigured electrical signals from the dynamic reconfiguration logic.
摘要翻译：描述装置的实施例。在一个实施例中，该装置是光学导航电路。特别地，光学导航电路可以是光学导航装置的一部分。光学导航电路包括图像传感器，动态重构逻辑和数字信号处理器。图像传感器包括像素阵列，以产生对应于像素阵列处的入射光的多个电信号。动态重构逻辑耦合到图像传感器。动态重配置逻辑被配置为从像素阵列接收多个电信号，并且基于来自像素阵列的多个电信号来生成多个重新配置的电信号。数字信号处理器耦合到动态重配置逻辑。数字信号处理器被配置为从动态重新配置逻辑接收多个重新配置的电信号。

39. 发明授权

US07263242B2 Method for detecting repetitive surfaces in an optical mouse 有权
标题翻译：用于检测光学鼠标中的重复表面的方法
公开(公告)号：US07263242B2
公开(公告)日：2007-08-28
申请号：US10350722
申请日：2003-01-23
申请人： Ramakrishna Kakarala , Michael John Brosnan
发明人： Ramakrishna Kakarala , Michael John Brosnan
IPC分类号： G06K9/64
CPC分类号： H04N1/00068 , G06F3/0317 , G06T7/41 , H04N1/00002 , H04N1/00005 , H04N1/00037 , H04N1/00074 , H04N2201/0081
摘要： A repetitive surface detector includes an image capture device capturing an image. An autocorrelator receives the image and generates a signal indicative of a repetitive background of the image. A controller determines a maximum and minimum value in the auto-correlated signal. An adder determines the signed difference between the maximum and minimum value. A comparator compares the signed difference with a threshold and generates an output that indicates when the image includes a repetitive background.
摘要翻译：重复表面检测器包括捕获图像的图像捕获装置。自相关器接收图像并产生指示图像的重复背景的信号。控制器确定自动相关信号中的最大值和最小值。加法器确定最大值和最小值之间的带符号差。比较器将带符号的差值与阈值进行比较，并产生指示图像何时包含重复背景的输出。

40. 发明申请

US20050206614A1 Apparatus for controlling the position of a screen pointer with low sensitivity to particle contamination 有权
标题翻译：用于控制对微粒污染的低灵敏度的屏幕指针的位置的装置
公开(公告)号：US20050206614A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-22
申请号：US10805814
申请日：2004-03-22
申请人： Michael Brosnan , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Roopinder Grewal , Mark Butterworth , Vincent Moyer , Tong Xie , Marshall Depue
发明人： Michael Brosnan , Ramakrishna Kakarala , Roopinder Grewal , Mark Butterworth , Vincent Moyer , Tong Xie , Marshall Depue
IPC分类号： G06F3/042 , G06F3/03 , G06F3/041 , G06K11/06 , G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G01M11/00 , G06F3/0317
摘要： An apparatus for controlling the position of a screen pointer includes an at least partially coherent light source for illuminating an imaging surface, thereby generating reflected images. The apparatus includes a navigation sensor for generating digital images based on the reflected images, performing a movement computation based on the digital images, generating movement data based on the movement computation that is indicative of relative motion between the imaging surface and the apparatus, wherein the movement computation has a low sensitivity to effects in the digital images caused by particle contamination.
摘要翻译：用于控制屏幕指针的位置的装置包括用于照射成像表面的至少部分相干的光源，从而产生反射的图像。该装置包括：导航传感器，用于基于反射图像生成数字图像，基于数字图像执行移动计算;基于指示成像表面和装置之间的相对运动的运动计算产生移动数据;其中，运动计算对由颗粒污染引起的数字图像的影响具有低的灵敏度。

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