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    • 33. 发明申请
    • Formulations decreasing particle exhalation
    • 减少颗粒呼气的配方
    • US20070270502A1
    • 2007-11-22
    • US11714999
    • 2007-03-06
    • David EdwardsJonathan ManJeffrey KatstraRobert Clarke
    • David EdwardsJonathan ManJeffrey KatstraRobert Clarke
    • A61K47/00
    • A61K47/02A61K9/0078A61K9/14A61K9/141A61K9/16A61M15/00
    • Formulations have been developed for pulmonary delivery to treat or reduce the infectivity of diseases such as viral infections, especially tuberculosis, SARS, influenza and respiratory synticial virus in humans and hoof and mouth disease in animals, or to reduce the symptoms of allergy or other pulmonary disease. Formulations for pulmonary administration include a material that significantly alters physical properties such as surface tension and surface elasticity of lung mucus lining fluid, which may be isotonic saline and, optionally, a carrier. The formulation may be administered as a liquid solution, suspension, aerosol, or powder where the particles consist basically of an osmotically active solute. Drugs, especially antivirals or antibiotics, may optionally be included with the formulation. These may be administered with or incorporated into the formulation.
    • 已经开发了用于肺部输送以治疗或降低人类感染病毒感染,特别是结核病,SARS,流感和呼吸道合成病毒以及动物蹄和口蹄疫等疾病或减轻过敏或其他肺部疾病症状的传染性的制剂 疾病。 用于肺部给药的制剂包括显着改变诸如等渗盐水和任选的载体的肺粘液衬里液体的表面张力和表面弹性的物理性质的材料。 制剂可以作为液体溶液,悬浮液,气雾剂或粉末施用,其中颗粒基本上由渗透活性的溶质组成。 药物,特别是抗病毒剂或抗生素,可以任选地包括在制剂中。 这些可以与制剂一起施用或掺入制剂中。
    • 35. 发明申请
    • FORMULATIONS FOR ALTERATION OF BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF MUCOSAL LINING
    • 用于改变粘膜内衬生物学特性的配方
    • US20070053844A1
    • 2007-03-08
    • US11419165
    • 2006-05-18
    • Wiwik WatanabeMatthew ThomasJeffrey KatstraRobert Clarke
    • Wiwik WatanabeMatthew ThomasJeffrey KatstraRobert Clarke
    • A61K48/00A61K9/14A61L9/04
    • A61K33/14A61K9/0014A61K9/0034A61K9/0043A61K9/0048A61K9/007A61K9/0078A61K31/255A61K31/721A61K47/02A61K47/12Y02A50/475
    • Conductive formulations containing conductive agents, such as salts, ionic surfactants, or other substances that are in an ionized state or easily ionized in an aqueous or organic solvent environment, and methods of use, have been developed. One or more active agents, such as antivirals, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatories, proteins or peptides, may optionally be included with the formulation. The active agent may be administered with or incorporated into the formulation, or may be administered after the conductive formulation is administered. When applied to mucosal lining fluids, the formulation alters the physical properties such as the surface tension, surface elasticity, and bulk viscosity of the mucosal lining. The formulation is administered in an amount sufficient to alter biophysical properties in the mucosal linings of the body. The formulations may be administered for several different purposes: reducing the spreading of infectious diseases, both viral and bacterial, such as SARS, influenza, tuberculosis, and RSV in humans and hoof and mouth disease in cloven-tooted animals; minimizing ambient contamination due to particle formation during breathing, coughing, sneezing, or talking which is particularly important in the clean room applications; decreasing or preventing the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea and some cases of irritable bowel syndrome; and controlling the uptake kinetics of drug molecules and pathogens.
    • 已经开发了含有导电剂,例如盐,离子表面活性剂或处于电离状态或容易在水溶液或有机溶剂环境中离子化的其它物质的导电配方,以及使用方法。 制剂中可以任选地包括一种或多种活性剂,例如抗病毒剂,抗微生物剂,抗炎剂,蛋白质或肽。 活性剂可以与制剂一起施用或掺入制剂中,或者可以在施用导电制剂后施用。 当施用于粘膜衬里液时,制剂会改变物理性质,如粘膜内衬的表面张力,表面弹性和体积粘度。 该制剂的施用量足以改变身体粘膜内衬的生物物理性质。 制剂可以用于几种不同的目的:减少感染性疾病,包括病毒和细菌,如SARS,流行性感冒,结核病和RSV在人类和蹄和口腔疾病的蔓延的动物; 在洁净室应用中特别重要的是在呼吸,咳嗽,打喷嚏或说话期间由于颗粒形成造成的环境污染最小化; 减少或预防阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和一些肠易激综合征的发生; 并控制药物分子和病原体的吸收动力学。
    • 38. 发明申请
    • Integrated process for the manufacture of alkenyl carboxylates
    • 用于制备链烯基羧酸盐的综合方法
    • US20050020847A1
    • 2005-01-27
    • US10500305
    • 2002-12-04
    • Robert ClarkeMark Roberts
    • Robert ClarkeMark Roberts
    • C07C67/05C07B61/00C07C51/215C07C53/08C07C67/00C07C67/54C07C69/01C07C69/15
    • C07C67/54C07C5/48C07C51/215C07C51/46C07C67/055Y02P20/125Y02P20/582C07C69/15C07C53/08C07C11/04
    • An integrated process for the production of an alkenyl carboxylate, such as vinyl acetate which process comprises the steps of (a) contacting in an oxidation reaction zone a C2 to C4 alkane, such as ethane, a molecular oxygen-containing gas, optionally the corresponding alkene and optionally water, in the presence of a catalyst to produce a stream comprising alkene, carboxylic acid and water; (b) separating at least a portion of the stream from step (a) into a fraction comprising the alkene and a fraction comprising the carboxylic acid and water; (c) contacting in a second reaction zone at least a portion of said alkene fraction produced in step (b), a carboxylic acid and a molecular oxygen-containing gas, in the presence of a catalyst to produce a product stream comprising an alkenyl carboxylate, water and carboxylic acid; (d) separating at least a portion of the product stream from step (c) and at least a portion of the carboxylic acid and water fraction produced in step (b) by azeotropic distillation into an overhead fraction comprising the alkenyl carboxylate and a base fraction comprising the carboxylic acid; (e) recovering the alkenyl carboxylate from the overhead fraction separated in step (d).
    • 一种用于生产烯基羧酸酯如乙酸乙烯酯的整合方法,其方法包括以下步骤:(a)在氧化反应区中使C2至C4烷烃如乙烷,含分子氧的气体,任选相应的 烯烃和任选的水,在催化剂的存在下,产生包含烯烃,羧酸和水的流; (b)将来自步骤(a)的物流的至少一部分分离成包含烯烃的馏分和包含羧酸和水的级分; (c)在第二反应区中在催化剂存在下使步骤(b)中产生的所述烯烃馏分的至少一部分与羧酸和含分子氧的气体接触以产生包含链烯基羧酸酯的产物流 ,水和羧酸; (d)通过共沸蒸馏将步骤(c)中的产物流的至少一部分和步骤(b)中产生的羧酸和水部分的至少一部分分离成包含烯基羧酸酯和碱部分的塔顶馏分 包含羧酸; (e)从步骤(d)中分离的塔顶馏分回收烯基羧酸酯。