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31. 发明授权

US07511819B2 Light source for a downhole spectrometer 有权
标题翻译：井下光谱仪的光源
公开(公告)号：US07511819B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-31
申请号：US11487211
申请日：2006-07-14
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio
IPC分类号： G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01J3/26 , E21B49/10
摘要： The present invention provides an apparatus and method for high resolution spectroscopy using a narrow light beam source such as a superluminescent diode (SLD) and a tunable optical filter (TOF) for analyzing a formation fluid sample downhole and at the surface to determine formation fluid parameters. The SLD and TOF have a matching etendue. The analysis comprises determination of gas oil ratio, API gravity and various other fluid parameters which can be estimated after developing correlations to a training set of samples using a neural network or a chemometric equation.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种用于使用窄光束源（例如超发光二极管（SLD））和可调谐光学滤波器（TOF）进行高分辨率光谱的装置和方法，用于分析井下地层流体样品和表面以确定地层流体参数。 SLD和TOF具有匹配的光密度。分析包括确定瓦斯油比率，API重力和各种其他流体参数，这些参数可以在使用神经网络或化学计量学方法与训练样本集相关联后进行估计。

32. 发明申请

US20080277162A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING HEAT FLOW IN A DOWNHOLE TOOL 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于控制井下工具中的热流的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080277162A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-13
申请号：US11745735
申请日：2007-05-08
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio
IPC分类号： E21B36/00
CPC分类号： E21B47/011
摘要： An apparatus is disclosed for controlling heat flow in a downhole tool using a thermal rectifier material. The thermal rectifier material is positioned between a heat source and a heat sink for reducing flow of heat returning from the heat sink to the heat source. That is, the thermal rectifier conceptually operates as a “thermal check valve” so that heat, which has flowed (or been pumped) out of a region, has difficulty returning to that region. Another embodiment of an apparatus is disclosed for controlling heat flow in a downhole tool, which includes a thermal rectifier material surrounding a liquid supply, wherein the thermal rectifier material allows more heat to flow through the thermal rectifier in a first direction away from the liquid supply than in a direction through the thermal rectifier material toward from the liquid supply. A method for controlling heat flow in a downhole tool using a thermal rectifier material is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于使用热整流器材料控制井下工具中的热流的装置。热整流器材料位于热源和散热器之间，用于减少从散热片返回到热源的热流。也就是说，热力整流器在概念上作为“热单向阀”运行，使得从区域流出（或被泵送）的热量难以返回到该区域。公开了一种用于控制井下工具中的热流的装置的另一实施例，其包括围绕液体供应源的热整流器材料，其中热整流器材料允许更多的热量在远离液体供应的第一方向上流过热整流器而不是通过热量整流材料朝向液体供应的方向。还公开了一种使用热整流材料控制井下工具中的热流的方法。

33. 发明申请

US20080163680A1 DOWNHOLE FLUID CHARACTERIZATION BASED ON CHANGES IN ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES 有权
标题翻译：基于声学特性变化的井下流体特征
公开(公告)号：US20080163680A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-10
申请号：US12052204
申请日：2008-03-20
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio
IPC分类号： E21B49/08 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： E21B49/10 , E21B49/081 , G01N1/14 , G01N9/002 , G01N9/24 , G01N29/024 , G01N29/227 , G01N2291/02818 , G01N2291/02872 , G01N2291/044
摘要： Techniques for evaluating physical aspects of a formation fluid from within a wellbore include changing at least one of a pressure on and a temperature of a sample of the formation fluid and transmitting at least one acoustic pulse through the fluid sample and analyzing acoustic information collected. Apparatus and methods for the evaluating involve using at least one acoustic transducer. Analyzing typically involves use of formulae that relate equation (s) of state and other properties for the fluid to a change in the sound speed in the fluid.
摘要翻译：用于从井筒内部评估地层流体的物理方面的技术包括改变地层流体样本的压力和温度中的至少一个，并且通过流体样本传送至少一个声脉冲并分析收集的声学信息。用于评估的装置和方法包括使用至少一个声换能器。分析通常涉及将流体的状态和其他性质的方程式与流体中的声速的变化相关联的公式的使用。

34. 发明申请

US20070284099A1 Method and apparatus for collecting fluid samples downhole 有权
标题翻译：井下采集液体样品的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070284099A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-13
申请号：US11450774
申请日：2006-06-09
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio , Leroy W. Ledgerwood
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio , Leroy W. Ledgerwood
IPC分类号： E21B49/08
CPC分类号： E21B49/08 , E21B49/10
摘要： In one embodiment an apparatus is disclosed that includes a tool in a wellbore. A probe is extendable from the tool to contact a wall of a formation surrounding the wellbore. A tube substantially surrounds the probe wherein the tube is extendable into the formation surrounding the wellbore. In another embodiment a method for reducing contamination of a sample of a formation fluid is disclosed that includes extending a probe to contact a wall of a formation. A barrier tube that substantially surrounds the probe is extended into the formation thereby restricting a flow of a contaminated reservoir fluid that would otherwise come from near-wellbore regions above and below the probe from going toward the probe.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，公开了一种在井眼中包括工具的装置。探头可从工具延伸以接触围绕井眼的地层的壁。管基本上围绕探针，其中管可延伸到围绕井眼的地层中。在另一个实施方案中，公开了一种减少地层流体样品污染的方法，其包括使探针延伸以接触地层的壁。基本上围绕探针的阻挡管延伸到地层中，从而限制污染的储存器流体的流动，否则污染的储存器流体将来自探针上方和下方的近井筒区域，以朝向探针。

35. 发明授权

US07299136B2 Method and apparatus for estimating of fluid contamination downhole 失效
标题翻译：井下流体污染物估算方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US07299136B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-20
申请号：US11207398
申请日：2005-08-19
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio , Bernardo Pohl
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio , Bernardo Pohl
IPC分类号： G01N31/00
CPC分类号： E21B47/102 , E21B49/005 , G01N2035/00702 , G01V1/50
摘要： The present invention provides method and apparatus for quantifying sample clean up in real time by providing curve-fitting measurements of optical or other physical properties of fluid downhole. Fluid is extracted from the formation surrounding a borehole. As fluid continues to be extracted the composition of the extracted fluid changes, altering the measured values of optical and physical properties of the fluid. Measurements are made of optical or physical properties of the sampled fluid, analysis is performed on the acquired measured data points.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了通过提供井下流体的光学或其它物理性质的曲线拟合测量来实时定量样品清理的方法和装置。从围绕钻孔的地层中提取流体。当流体继续被提取时，提取的流体的组成变化，改变流体的光学和物理性质的测量值。测量采样流体的光学或物理性质，对获取的测量数据点进行分析。

36. 发明申请

US20070251296A1 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DOWNHOLE DETECTION OF CO2 AND H2S USING RESONATORS COATED WITH CO2 AND H2S SORBENTS 失效
标题翻译：使用CO 2和H 2 S分子涂覆的共振器进行二氧化碳和硫化氢检测的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070251296A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-01
申请号：US11774997
申请日：2007-07-09
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio
IPC分类号： G01N37/00
CPC分类号： G01N29/036 , E21B49/081 , G01N2291/0256
摘要： A formation fluid sample is exposed to a rigidly-supported semi-permeable membrane such as silicone rubber to permit diffusion of gases and vapors from the formation fluid into a vacuum chamber, while at the same time, blocking the passage of any liquids. The membrane-transmitted gas is analyzed in the vacuum chamber by a sorbent-coated resonator. The sorbent absorbs gas and changes the resonant frequency of the resonator to indicate the presence of a gas. An ion pump or sorbent is associated with the evacuated chamber to maintain the vacuum. The ion pump or sorbent removes gases and vapors from the chamber that diffuse into the chamber from the reservoir sample that is on the opposite side of the semi-permeable membrane.
摘要翻译：地层流体样品暴露于刚性支撑的半透膜如硅橡胶，以允许气体和蒸汽从地层流体扩散到真空室中，同时阻止任何液体的通过。通过吸附剂涂覆的谐振器在真空室中分析膜传输气体。吸附剂吸收气体并改变谐振器的谐振频率以指示气体的存在。离子泵或吸附剂与真空室相关联以维持真空。离子泵或吸附剂从腔室中吸收气体和蒸汽，这些气体和蒸汽从半渗透膜相反侧的储层样品扩散到室内。

37. 发明授权

US07280214B2 Method and apparatus for a high resolution downhole spectrometer 有权
标题翻译：高分辨率井下光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07280214B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-09
申请号：US10827948
申请日：2004-04-20
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio , Arnold Walkow , Paul Bergren
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio , Arnold Walkow , Paul Bergren
IPC分类号： G01J3/51
CPC分类号： G01J3/433 , E21B47/102 , G01J3/0202 , G01J3/0262 , G01J3/0291 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/12 , G01J3/26 , G01J2003/1243 , G01N21/31 , G01N2021/3133 , G01N2021/3137 , G01N2021/317
摘要： The present invention provides a simple, robust, and versatile high-resolution spectrometer that is suitable for downhole use. The present invention provides a method and apparatus incorporating a spinning, oscillating or stepping optical interference filter to change the angle at which light passes through the filters after passing through a sample under analysis downhole. As each filter is tilted, the color or wavelength of light passed by the filter changes. Black plates are placed between the filters to isolate each filter's photodiode. The spectrometer of the present invention is suitable for use with a wire line formation tester, such as the Baker Atlas Reservation Characterization Instrument to provide supplemental analysis and monitoring of sample clean up. The present invention is also suitable for deployment in a monitoring while drilling environment. The present invention provides a high resolution spectometer which enables quantification of a crude oil's percentage of aromatics, olefins, and saturates to estimate a sample's gas oil ratio (GOR). Gases such as CO2 are also detectable. The percentage of oil-based mud filtrate contamination in a crude oil sample can be estimated with the present invention by using a suitable training set and chemometrics, a neural network, or other type of correlation method.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种适用于井下使用的简单，坚固且通用的高分辨率光谱仪。本发明提供了一种包括旋转，振荡或步进光学干涉滤光器的方法和装置，以改变在通过井下分析的样品之后光通过滤光器的角度。当每个滤光片倾斜时，由滤光片传出的光线的颜色或波长发生变化。过滤器之间放置黑色板，以隔离每个过滤器的光电二极管。本发明的光谱仪适合与线形成测试仪一起使用，例如Baker Atlas Reservation Characterization Instrument，以提供对样品清理的补充分析和监测。本发明也适用于在钻井环境中进行监视。本发明提供了一种高分辨率光谱仪，其能够定量原油的芳烃，烯烃和饱和物的百分比，以估计样品的瓦斯油比（GOR）。诸如CO 2 2之类的气体也是可检测的。通过使用合适的训练集和化学计量学，神经网络或其他类型的相关方法，可以用本发明估算原油样品中油基泥浆滤液污染物的百分比。

38. 发明申请

US20070193351A1 Method and apparatus for ion-selective discrimination of fluids downhole 有权
标题翻译：离子选择性辨别井下流体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070193351A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-23
申请号：US11358568
申请日：2006-02-21
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio
IPC分类号： E21B47/10 , E21B49/08
CPC分类号： E21B47/10
摘要： In a particular embodiment, a method is disclosed for determining a source of a fluid downhole. The method includes deploying an ion selective sensor downhole, exposing the fluid to the ion selective sensor downhole, measuring an ion concentration at different places within the fluid and using that information to identify a source of the fluid from the ion concentration profile. In another particular embodiment, an apparatus is disclosed for estimating a source of a fluid. The apparatus contains a tool deployed in a well bore, an ion selective sensor in the tool, a processor in communication with the ion selective sensor and a memory for storing an output from the ion selective sensor.
摘要翻译：在特定实施例中，公开了一种用于确定井下流体源的方法。该方法包括在井下部署离子选择性传感器，将流体暴露于井下的离子选择性传感器，测量流体内不同位置处的离子浓度，并使用该信息从离子浓度分布中识别流体源。在另一特定实施例中，公开了一种用于估计流体源的装置。该装置包含部署在井眼中的工具，工具中的离子选择性传感器，与离子选择性传感器连通的处理器和用于存储来自离子选择性传感器的输出的存储器。

39. 发明申请

US20070081157A1 Apparatus and method for estimating filtrate contamination in a formation fluid 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于估计地层流体中滤液污染的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20070081157A1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-12
申请号：US11592887
申请日：2006-11-03
申请人： Sebastian Csutak , Rocco DiFoggio
发明人： Sebastian Csutak , Rocco DiFoggio
IPC分类号： G01J3/44 , G01N21/65
CPC分类号： G01V8/02 , G01N21/39
摘要： The disclosure, in one aspect, provides a method for estimating a property of a fluid that includes: pumping an ultraviolet (UV) light into a fluid withdrawn from a formation downhole at a wavelength that produces light due to the Raman effect at wavelengths that are shorter than the substantial wavelengths of fluorescent light produced from the fluid; detecting a spectrum corresponding to the Raman effect light (“Raman spectrum”); and processing the detected Raman spectrum at one or more selected wavelengths to estimate a property of the fluid. In another aspect, the disclosure provides an apparatus that includes a laser that induces UV light at a selected wavelength into a fluid in a chamber, a detector that detects Raman scattered light at wavelengths shorter than the wavelengths of the fluorescent light scattered by the fluid, and a processor that analyzes a spectrum corresponding the Raman scattered light at a selected wavelength to estimate a property of the fluid.
摘要翻译：在一方面，本公开提供了一种用于估计流体性质的方法，该方法包括：将紫外（UV）光泵浦到从井下地层中抽出的流体中，所述流体以波长为波长的波长产生光，比从流体产生的荧光的实质波长短; 检测与拉曼光效应相对应的光谱（“拉曼光谱”）; 以及在一个或多个所选波长处理检测到的拉曼光谱以估计流体的性质。在另一方面，本发明提供了一种装置，其包括将选定波长的紫外光诱导到室内的流体中的激光器;检测器，其检测波长短于被流体散射的荧光的波长的波长的散射光，以及处理器，其分析对应于所选波长的拉曼散射光的光谱，以估计流体的性质。

40. 发明授权

US07196786B2 Method and apparatus for a tunable diode laser spectrometer for analysis of hydrocarbon samples 有权
标题翻译：用于碳氢化合物样品分析的可调谐二极管激光光谱仪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07196786B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-27
申请号：US10836675
申请日：2004-04-30
申请人： Rocco DiFoggio
发明人： Rocco DiFoggio
IPC分类号： G01J3/44 , G01J3/28 , G01V5/08
CPC分类号： G01V8/02 , G01N21/39
摘要： The present invention provides an down hole apparatus and method for ultrahigh resolution spectroscopy using a tunable diode laser (TDL) for analyzing a formation fluid sample downhole or at the surface to determine formation fluid parameters. In addition to absorption spectroscopy, the present invention can perform Raman spectroscopy on the fluid, by sweeping the wavelength of the TDL and detecting the Raman-scattered light using a narrow-band detector at a fixed wavelength. The spectrometer analyzes a pressurized well bore fluid sample that is collected downhole. The analysis is performed either downhole or at the surface onsite. Near infrared, mid-infrared and visible light analysis is also performed on the sample to provide an onsite surface or downhole analysis of sample properties and contamination level. The onsite and downhole analysis comprises determination of aromatics, olefins, saturates, gas oil ratio, API gravity and various other parameters which can be estimated by correlation, a trained neural network or a chemometric equation.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种使用可调谐二极管激光器（TDL）进行超高分辨率光谱测井的井下设备和方法，用于分析井下或地面处的地层流体样品以确定地层流体参数。除了吸收光谱学以外，本发明可以通过扫描TDL的波长并使用窄波段检测器以固定波长检测拉曼散射光，从而对流体进行拉曼光谱。光谱仪分析了井下采集的加压井眼液体样品。分析在井下或现场表面进行。还对样品进行近红外，中红外和可见光分析，以提供样品性质和污染水平的现场表面或井下分析。现场和井下分析包括测定芳烃，烯烃，饱和物，瓦斯油比，API重力和可以通过相关性，训练有素的神经网络或化学计量方程估计的各种其他参数。

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