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    • 25. 发明授权
    • Antireflective graded index silica coating, method for making
    • 防反射分级二氧化硅涂层,制作方法
    • US4535026A
    • 1985-08-13
    • US509118
    • 1983-06-29
    • Bulent E. YoldasDeborah P. Partlow
    • Bulent E. YoldasDeborah P. Partlow
    • C03C17/25C03B8/00C03C15/00C03C17/02C03C17/27G02B1/10G02B1/11
    • G02B1/113C03C15/00C03C17/02C03C17/27C03C2217/213C03C2218/113C03C2218/322Y10T428/249961Y10T428/249969Y10T428/261
    • Antireflective silica coating for vitreous material is substantially non-reflecting over a wide band of radiations. This is achieved by providing the coating with a graded degree of porosity which grades the index of refraction between that of air and the vitreous material of the substrate. To prepare the coating, there is first prepared a silicon-alkoxide-based coating solution of particular polymer structure produced by a controlled proportion of water to alkoxide and a controlled concentration of alkoxide to solution, along with a small amount of catalyst. The primary solvent is alcohol and the solution is polymerized and hydrolized under controlled conditions prior to use. The prepared solution is applied as a film to the vitreous substrate and rapidly dried. It is thereafter heated under controlled conditions to volatilize the hydroxyl radicals and organics therefrom and then to produce a suitable pore morphology in the residual porous silica layer. The silica layer is then etched in order to enlarge the pores in a graded fashion, with the largest of the pores remaining being sufficiently small that radiations to be passed through the substrate are not significantly scattered. For use with quartz substrates, extremely durable coatings which display only 0.1% reflectivity have been prepared.
    • 用于玻璃质材料的抗反射二氧化硅涂层在宽的辐射带上基本上不反射。 这通过为涂层提供渐变程度的孔隙率来实现,其使空气折射率与基板的玻璃质材料的折射率相等。 为了制备涂层,首先制备了具有特定聚合物结构的硅烷醇盐类涂料溶液,其通过控制比例的水与醇盐和受控浓度的醇盐与溶液以及少量的催化剂一起制备。 主要溶剂是醇,溶液在使用前在受控条件下聚合和水解。 将制备的溶液作为膜施加到玻璃质基材上并快速干燥。 然后将其在受控条件下加热以使羟基自由基和有机物挥发,然后在剩余多孔二氧化硅层中产生合适的孔形态。 然后蚀刻二氧化硅层以便以渐变的方式扩大孔,其中最大的孔保持足够小,使得通过基底的辐射不会显着分散。 为了与石英基板一起使用,已经制备出仅具有0.1%反射率的非常耐用的涂层。
    • 29. 发明授权
    • Polymerized solutions for depositing optical oxide coatings
    • 用于沉积光学氧化物涂层的聚合溶液
    • US4346131A
    • 1982-08-24
    • US189868
    • 1980-09-23
    • Bulent E. Yoldas
    • Bulent E. Yoldas
    • C08G79/00C09D185/00H01L31/0216B32B1/00B32B17/06
    • H01L31/02168C08G79/00C09D185/00Y02E10/50Y10T428/1321Y10T428/1355Y10T428/265
    • A clear solution is prepared by reacting metal alkoxide with a mixture of critical amounts of water and/or acid in an alcohol diluted medium. Alkoxides may be Ti(OR).sub.4 or Ta(OR).sub.5, or another metal alkoxide such as Si(OR).sub.4 in admixture with these alkoxides. Acids may be HCl or HNO.sub.3. Quarter wave inorganic optical coatings are deposited by applying the alkoxide solution to a substrate then heating the coating at over 350.degree. C. The coatings reduce reflectivity on silicon solar cells. The index of refraction of the coating can be varied by several techniques, including altering the proportion of titanium and silicon in the coating firing temperature, firing atmosphere. Thicknesses of the coating can be controlled by varying the rpm in spin application, withdrawal rate in dipping application, by concentration of the solution, by the type of solvent or the degree of polymerization of the titanium complexes.
    • 通过在醇稀释介质中使金属醇盐与临界量的水和/或酸的混合物反应来制备澄清溶液。 烷氧化物可以是与这些醇盐混合的Ti(OR)4或Ta(OR)5或另一种金属醇盐如Si(OR)4。 酸可以是HCl或HNO 3。 通过将醇盐溶液施加到基底上,然后在超过350℃下加热涂层来沉积四分之一波无机光学涂层。涂层降低硅太阳能电池的反射率。 涂层的折射率可以通过几种技术来改变,包括改变涂层焙烧温度,焙烧气氛中钛和硅的比例。 涂层的厚度可以通过改变纺丝应用中的转速,浸渍施用中的回收速率,溶液的浓度,溶剂的类型或钛络合物的聚合度来控制。
    • 30. 发明授权
    • Method of fabricating heat mirror for incandescent lamp envelope
    • 制造白炽灯罩热镜的方法
    • US4293593A
    • 1981-10-06
    • US84217
    • 1979-10-12
    • Bulent E. Yoldas
    • Bulent E. Yoldas
    • H01K1/32C03C17/25C03C17/36C07F7/00C07F7/04C07F9/00H01K1/34H01K3/00G02B1/10
    • C03C17/3605C03C1/008C03C17/25C03C17/36C03C17/3613C03C17/3644C03C17/3663C07F7/003C07F7/045C07F9/005H01K3/005C03C2218/113
    • Energy-conserving incandescent lamp wherein the envelope has provided on the interior surface thereof a very efficient and economically applied heat mirror which is highly transmissive for visible radiations and highly reflective for infrared radiations, thereby to enhance the conversion of electric energy to visible energy. The heat-mirror coating comprises a two layer Ag/TiO.sub.2 or a three layer TiO.sub.2 /Ag/TiO.sub.2 coating of predetermined thickness. The three layer coating is formed by first applying to the envelope interior surface a thin layer of clear aliphatic alcohol solution having contained therein partially hydrolyzed metallic alkoxide which substantially comprises titanium alkoxide, and which solution contains at most only a limited amount of selected mineral acid. The applied clear solution layer is heat treated to convert same to a thin continuous layer substantially comprising titania. A thin silver layer is applied over the first applied titania coating, preferably by vacuum metallizing, and a second thin layer of solution containing the partially hydrolyzed metallic alkoxide which substantially comprises titanium alkoxide is applied over the silver layer. Thereafter the applied second layer is heat treated to convert same to titania, with the heat treating temperatures and atmospheres controlled so as not to affect the applied silver layer. The two layer coating is applied by omitting the first TiO.sub.2 coating step.
    • 节能白炽灯,其中外壳在其内表面上设置了一种非常有效且经济上应用的热反射镜,其对于可见光辐射是高度透射的并且对于红外辐射具有高反射性,从而增强电能转换成可见光能量。 热镜涂层包括预定厚度的两层Ag / TiO 2或三层TiO 2 / Ag / TiO 2涂层。 通过首先向包封内表面施加薄层的透明脂族醇溶液,其中含有基本上包含钛醇盐的部分水解的金属醇盐,并且该溶液至多仅含有限量的选择的无机酸形成三层涂层。 将所施加的透明溶液层进行热处理以将其转化为基本上包含二氧化钛的薄连续层。 优选通过真空金属化将薄银层涂覆在第一涂覆的二氧化钛涂层上,并且将含有基本上包含钛醇盐的部分水解的金属醇盐的第二薄层溶液涂覆在银层上。 此后,将所施加的第二层热处理以将其转化为二氧化钛,其中热处理温度和气氛被控制为不影响施加的银层。 通过省略第一TiO 2涂覆步骤来施加双层涂层。