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21. 发明授权

US4798991A Surface-gap spark plug for internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：内燃机表面间隙火花塞
公开(公告)号：US4798991A
公开(公告)日：1989-01-17
申请号：US55891
申请日：1987-05-07
申请人： Walter Benedikt , Gerhard Heess , Werner Herden , Karl-Hermann Friese , Helmut Reum , Jurgen Schmatz , Siegbert Schwab
发明人： Walter Benedikt , Gerhard Heess , Werner Herden , Karl-Hermann Friese , Helmut Reum , Jurgen Schmatz , Siegbert Schwab
IPC分类号： H01T13/52 , H01T13/38
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
摘要： A spark plug for internal combustion engines comprises a center electrode enclosed in an insulating body enclosed in a metal housing, and a ground electrode. The insulating body has an end portion which faces the combustion chamber. An electrical field develops, resulting in a surface spark gap between two electrodes on the surface of the insulating body at the end portion thereof. The insulating body is transversely divided into the upper portion and the lower portion, of which the lower portion facing the combustion chamber is made of a material having dielectric constant 5-50 times higher than that of the upper portion.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE86 / 00366 Sec。 371日期1987年5月7日 102（e）日期1987年5月7日PCT提交1986年9月13日PCT公布。公开号WO87 / 01877 日本1987年3月26日。内燃机火花塞包括封闭在金属外壳内的绝缘体中的中心电极和接地电极。绝缘体具有面向燃烧室的端部。电场发生，导致在绝缘体的端部的表面上的两个电极之间产生表面火花隙。绝缘体被横向地分成上部和下部，其中面向燃烧室的下部由介电常数高于上部的介电常数的5-50倍的材料制成。

22. 发明授权

US4021326A Electro-chemical sensor 失效
标题翻译：电化学传感器
公开(公告)号：US4021326A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-03
申请号：US447475
申请日：1974-03-04
申请人： Rudolf Pollner , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bernhard Topp , Horst Neidhard
发明人： Rudolf Pollner , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bernhard Topp , Horst Neidhard
IPC分类号： G01N27/407 , G01N27/46
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 , G01N27/4077
摘要： Electro-chemical sensor to determine oxygen concentration in hot internal combustion exhaust gases in the form of a closed, tubular element having a solid ion conductive electrolyte; an electron-conductive coating on the inner surface thereof; a porous or fissured electron conductive layer on the outer surface of said solid electrolyte or on a part of said surface, part of the pores or fissures being macroporous, said layer being of a material which catalyzes the formation from said hot exhaust gases of those compounds that are thermodynamically stable at the exhaust temperature; and a porous protective electrically insulating coating on said porous electron-conductive layer. Preferably, a top coating of a heat-resistant metal is applied, which top coating has additionally properties to act as a getter with respect to poisons affecting the catalyzing material.
摘要翻译：电化学传感器，用于确定热内燃废气中的氧浓度，其形式为具有固体离子导电电解质的封闭管状元件; 在其内表面上的电子传导涂层; 在所述固体电解质的外表面上或在所述表面的一部分上的多孔或裂缝的电子传导层，部分孔或裂缝是大孔的，所述层是催化从那些化合物的所述热废气形成的材料在排气温度下热力学稳定; 以及在所述多孔电子传导层上的多孔保护电绝缘涂层。优选地，施加耐热金属的顶部涂层，其顶部涂层具有作为吸附剂的附加性能，该吸附剂相对于影响催化材料的毒素。

23. 发明授权

US5731030A Method of determining the transferred layer mass during thermal spraying methods 失效
标题翻译：在热喷涂方法中测定转移层质量的方法
公开(公告)号：US5731030A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US717346
申请日：1996-09-20
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Peter Jansing , Harry Braun , Walter Bauer , Marc Weller , Thomas Kanz
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Peter Jansing , Harry Braun , Walter Bauer , Marc Weller , Thomas Kanz
IPC分类号： B05B7/20 , B05B12/12 , C23C4/12 , B05D1/08
CPC分类号： C23C4/12 , B05B12/12 , B05B7/201
摘要： A method of monitoring and controlling thermal spraying methods for coating the surface of substrates. During the spraying process, a substrate surface temperature is measured as a characteristic variable for the transferred layer mass or layer thickness, and, in the event of deviations from the nominal value, at least one method parameter that is significant for the transferred layer mass or layer thickness is changed. The method permits the creation of layers having a predetermined transferred layer mass or layer thickness and a narrow layer thickness distribution over the coated surface.
摘要翻译：一种监测和控制用于涂覆基材表面的热喷涂方法。在喷涂过程中，测量衬底表面温度作为转移层质量或层厚度的特征变量，并且在偏离标称值的情况下，至少一个对转移层质量有重要的方法参数或层厚度变化。该方法允许在涂覆表面上形成具有预定转移层质量或层厚度和窄层厚度分布的层。

24. 发明授权

US5698267A Method for fabricating high-activity electrodes for exhaust gas sensors 失效
标题翻译：制造废气传感器高活性电极的方法
公开(公告)号：US5698267A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-16
申请号：US728797
申请日：1996-10-10
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann , Frank Stanglmeier
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann , Frank Stanglmeier
IPC分类号： B22F7/00 , C04B35/486 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/89 , C23C26/00 , G01N27/407 , B05D1/18 , G01N27/406
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , B22F7/002 , C04B35/486 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/89 , C23C26/00 , G01N27/4075 , C04B2111/00844 , Y10S264/36
摘要： A method for fabricating a high-activity cermet electrode which is applied on an exhaust gas sensor including an oxygen ion conducting solid electrolyte, which is composed of a cermet material composed of at least one catalytically active material and at least one oxygen ion conducting ceramic material, which is bonded to the solid electrolyte of the exhaust sensor by co-sintering the cermet electrode and the solid electrolyte at a temperature ranging from 1300.degree. to 1600.degree. C. to provide a porous cermet electrode, and which contains at least one further catalytically active material which is embedded in the pores of the porous cermet electrode after co-sintering, the method including bonding together an unsintered solid electrolyte which conducts oxygen ions and a cermet electrode by co-sintering at from 1300.degree. to 1600.degree. C. to provide a porous cermet electrode; and subsequently introducing at least one further catalytically active material into pores of the porous cermet electrode.
摘要翻译：一种制造高活性金属陶瓷电极的方法，其应用于包括氧离子传导固体电解质的废气传感器，所述废气传感器由由至少一种催化活性材料和至少一种氧离子导电陶瓷材料构成的金属陶瓷材料组成，其通过在1300℃至1600℃的温度下共烧烧金属陶瓷电极和固体电解质而结合到排气传感器的固体电解质，以提供多孔金属陶瓷电极，并且其至少包含一个催化剂共烧结后嵌入多孔金属陶瓷电极的孔隙中的活性物质，该方法包括在1300℃〜1600℃下共烧结而将导电氧离子的未烧结固体电解质和金属陶瓷电极结合在一起，以提供多孔金属陶瓷电极; 随后将至少一种其它催化活性材料引入多孔金属陶瓷电极的孔中。

25. 发明授权

US5681784A Thermal shock resistant ceramic 失效
标题翻译：耐热冲击陶瓷
公开(公告)号：US5681784A
公开(公告)日：1997-10-28
申请号：US542969
申请日：1995-10-13
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese
IPC分类号： C04B35/488 , C04B35/628 , G01N27/407 , H01M8/12 , C04B35/48
CPC分类号： C04B35/62813 , C04B35/488 , C04B35/4885 , C04B35/62805 , C04B35/62815 , G01N27/4073 , H01M8/1246 , C04B2235/3217 , C04B2235/3225 , C04B2235/3244 , C04B2235/5436 , C04B2235/5445 , Y02E60/525 , Y02P70/56
摘要： A ceramic which is thermal shock resistant and which is a sintered, homogeneous mixture of first and second ceramic powders, including a first ceramic powder which is based on at least one tetravalent oxide selected from the group including zirconium dioxide, hafnium dioxide, and thorium dioxide, and which is further composed of at least one stabilizer oxide selected from the group including oxides effective to stabilize the at least one tetravalent oxide; and a second ceramic powder which is based on at least one tetravalent oxide selected from the group including zirconium dioxide, hafnium dioxide, and thorium dioxide, which contains from 0 to 2.5 mole % of at least one stabilizer oxide based on that molar amount of Y.sub.2 O.sub.3, and which has grains whose surface is at least partly covered by a coating effective to inhibit diffusion of cations from the at least one stabilizer oxide during sintering, and wherein the first ceramic powder has a higher stabilizer content than that of the second ceramic powder.
摘要翻译：一种耐热冲击的陶瓷，其是第一和第二陶瓷粉末的烧结均匀混合物，包括基于选自二氧化锆，二氧化铪和二氧化钍中的至少一种四价氧化物的第一陶瓷粉末并且其还包含至少一种选自包括有效稳定至少一种四价氧化物的氧化物的稳定剂氧化物的稳定剂氧化物; 和基于选自二氧化锆，二氧化铪和二氧化钍中的至少一种四价氧化物的第二陶瓷粉末，其含有基于该摩尔量的Y 2 O 3的至少一种稳定剂氧化物为0至2.5摩尔％并且其具有表面至少部分地被覆盖的颗粒，所述涂层在烧结期间有效抑制阳离子从所述至少一种稳定剂氧化物的扩散，并且其中所述第一陶瓷粉末具有比所述第二陶瓷粉末更高的稳定剂含量。

26. 发明授权

US5628848A Process for the production of composite systems having at least two inorganic ceramic layers 失效
标题翻译：用于生产具有至少两个无机陶瓷层的复合体系的方法
公开(公告)号：US5628848A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-13
申请号：US367141
申请日：1995-01-09
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Werner Gruenwald , Ulrich Eisele
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Werner Gruenwald , Ulrich Eisele
IPC分类号： B32B18/00 , C04B37/00 , G01N27/407 , B32B31/26
CPC分类号： B32B18/00 , C04B37/001 , G01N27/4073 , C04B2237/343 , C04B2237/348 , C04B2237/36 , C04B2237/586 , C04B2237/76
摘要： The invention relates to composite systems having at least two layers which comprise different inorganic, ceramic phases and are produced by cosintering of different, finely divided inorganic materials arranged in layers. The composite systems are characterized in that at least two adjacent layers comprise a dense phase largely free of macropores. The layers are durably bonded to one another by sintering together of particles of the different materials at the phase boundary or boundaries. The composite systems and the processes for the production thereof are used, for example, in the manufacture of gas sensors.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00520 Sec。 371日期1995年1月9日 102（e）1995年1月9日PCT PCT 1994年5月6日PCT公布。第WO94 / 27819号公报日期1994年12月8日本发明涉及具有至少两层的复合体系，它们包含不同的无机陶瓷相，并通过不同细分的无机材料以层间顺序的同步化而产生。复合体系的特征在于至少两个相邻的层包含大部分不含大孔的密相。这些层通过在相边界或边界处将不同材料的颗粒烧结在一起而相互粘合在一起。复合系统及其制造方法例如用于气体传感器的制造中。

27. 发明授权

US5507174A Polarographic sensor 失效
标题翻译：极谱传感器
公开(公告)号：US5507174A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-16
申请号：US211569
申请日：1994-08-02
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hermann Dietz , Werner Gruenwald
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hermann Dietz , Werner Gruenwald
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , F02B1/04 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01M15/00 , G01N27/48
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 , F02B1/04
摘要： A polarographic sensor for determining concentration of certain components including oxygen or combustible fractions, such as hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, includes a pump cell having an anode, a cathode, and an oxygen ion-conducting solid electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode is provided with a diffusion barrier, wherein the anode is provided with a diffusion barrier, and wherein the concentration of the certain components is determined by measurement of a limiting current through the electrolyte and across one of the diffusion barriers to the corresponding anode or cathode.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 00674 Sec。 371日期1994年8月2日 102（e）日期1994年8月2日PCT提交1993年7月31日PCT公布。第WO94 / 04911号公报日本3月3日，1994.用于确定内燃机废气中某些组分（包括氧气或可燃组分）如烃，氢气和一氧化碳的浓度的极谱传感器包括具有阳极，阴极和设置在阳极和阴极之间的氧离子传导固体电解质，其中阴极设置有扩散阻挡层，其中阳极设置有扩散阻挡层，并且其中某些组分的浓度通过测量确定限制电流通过电解质，并穿过一个扩散屏障到相应的阳极或阴极。

28. 发明授权

US5374390A Process for producing a layer system for gas sensors 失效
标题翻译：生产气体传感器层系统的方法
公开(公告)号：US5374390A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-20
申请号：US64172
申请日：1993-05-25
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , B22F7/04 , C04B35/00 , C04B35/48 , C04B35/50 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/407
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075
摘要： A process is proposed which serves to produce layer systems for gas sensors, the electrodes essentially being composed of a finely divided ceramic material and finely divided electron-conducting material. The process comprises adding stabilizer oxides to the electrode material in proportions above those necessary for full stabilization. As a result, a layer system having outstanding mechanical properties and high electrode load carrying capacity is obtained by a simple manufacturing process.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE91 / 00939 Sec。 371日期：1993年5月25日 102（e）日期1993年5月25日PCT 1991年12月3日PCT PCT。第WO92 / 12419号公报日期1992年7月23日。提出了一种用于生产气体传感器的层系统的工艺，电极基本上由精细分散的陶瓷材料和细分散的电子传导材料组成。该方法包括将稳定剂氧化物以比完全稳定所必需的比例添加到电极材料中。结果，通过简单的制造工艺获得具有突出的机械性能和高电极负载能力的层系统。

29. 发明授权

US5334350A Resistance probe for determining gas compositions and method of producing it 失效
标题翻译：用于确定气体成分的电阻探针及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5334350A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-02
申请号：US861810
申请日：1992-06-19
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Werner Gruenwald , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann , Gerhard Hoetzel
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Werner Gruenwald , Hans-Martin Wiedenmann , Gerhard Hoetzel
IPC分类号： G01N27/12 , G01N33/00 , G01N27/04 , H01C1/02 , H01C7/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/12
摘要： A resistance probe is proposed for detecting gas compositions, particularly in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. This resistance probe has the advantage over prior art resistance probes that, with a short response time, it is considerably more aging resistant. This is accomplished in that the resistance layer configured as a semiconductor layer is introduced or sintered into recesses or slits provided for this purpose in the prefabricated sensor carrier body and above it is applied a porous, electrically non-conductive engobe or a protective layer structure in the form of a grid or raster. These measures enable the measuring gas to gain access to the semiconductor layer, but the semiconductor layer is simultaneously protected against corrosive, erosive and/or cavitative attacks from the exhaust gas.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE90 / 00909 Sec。 371日期：1992年6月19日 102（e）日期1992年6月19日PCT提交1990年11月24日PCT公布。出版物WO91 / 09301 日期：1991年6月27日。提出了用于检测气体组成的电阻探针，特别是在内燃机的废气中。该电阻探针具有优于现有技术的电阻探针的优点，其具有较短的响应时间，其耐老化性更强。这是通过将构造为半导体层的电阻层引入或烧结到预制传感器载体本体中为此而设置的凹部或狭缝中，并且在其上施加多孔，非导电性或者保护层结构网格或栅格的形式。这些措施使得测量气体能够进入半导体层，但同时保护半导体层免受来自废气的腐蚀性，侵蚀性和/或空穴化攻击。

30. 发明授权

US5030602A Stable ceramic consisting of aluminum oxide 失效
标题翻译：由氧化铝组成的稳定陶瓷
公开(公告)号：US5030602A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-09
申请号：US381716
申请日：1989-02-27
申请人： Thomas Frey , Karl-Hermann Friese , Heinz Geier
发明人： Thomas Frey , Karl-Hermann Friese , Heinz Geier
IPC分类号： C04B35/10 , C04B35/111
CPC分类号： C04B35/111
摘要： A ceramic consisting substantially of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 as ceramic support, ceramic cover layer and/or ceramic supporting structure for heating conductors is described, which is electrochemically stable, which, in other words, does not decompose on application of a heating voltage, even in long-term operation at temperatures above 600.degree.. Such a ceramic exhibits a very small alkali metal content, of less than 0.2% by weight Na.sub.2 O and K.sub.2 O respectively. Particularly favorable processing, in particular pressing properties are exhibited by such a ceramic if it has 2.5 to 10% by weight of barium silicate or strontium silicate fluxes, the proportions of Na.sub.2 O, K.sub.2 O, CaO and MgO together make up less than 1% by weight, and the BaO or SrO:SiO.sub.2 molar ratio is between 2:1 and 1:12.5. Such a ceramic with a BaO:SiO.sub.2 ratio of 2.6:1 parts by weight is electrochemically stable up to approximately 1400.degree. C., and at 1300.degree. C. still exhibits a bending strength of approximately 300 N/mm.sup.2.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE87 / 00285 Sec。 371日期1989年2月27日 102（e）日期1989年2月27日PCT Filed 1987年6月24日PCT公布。出版物WO88 / 01610 日期：1988年3月10日。描述了一种基本上由作为陶瓷载体的Al 2 O 3组成的陶瓷，描述了用于加热导体的陶瓷覆盖层和/或陶瓷支撑结构，其是电化学稳定的，换句话说，其不应用于加热电压，即使在高于600度的温度下长期运行。这种陶瓷表现出非常小的碱金属含量，分别小于0.2重量％的Na 2 O和K 2 O 3。如果具有2.5至10重量％的硅酸钡或硅酸锶焊剂，则通过这种陶瓷表现出特别有利的加工，特别是压制性能，Na 2 O，K 2 O，CaO和MgO的比例一起构成小于1重量％，BaO或SrO：SiO2的摩尔比为2:1〜1:12.5。这种BaO:SiO 2比例为2.6:1重量份的陶瓷的电化学稳定性高达约1400℃，在1300℃下仍具有约300N / mm2的弯曲强度。

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