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    • 22. 发明授权
    • Shale hydration inhibition agent and method of use
    • 页岩水化抑制剂及其使用方法
    • US07572756B2
    • 2009-08-11
    • US11936570
    • 2007-11-07
    • Arvind D. PatelEmanuel Stamatakis
    • Arvind D. PatelEmanuel Stamatakis
    • C09K8/35
    • C09K8/22C09K8/20C09K8/24C09K8/68C09K2208/12
    • A water-base fluid for use in drilling, cementing, workover, fracturing and abandonment of subterranean wells through a formation containing shale which swells in the presence of water. In one illustrative embodiment, the drilling fluid is composed of an aqueous based continuous phase, a weighting agent, and a shale hydration inhibition agent. The shale hydration inhibition agent should have the general formula: in which R and R′ independently selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl, and X has a value from 1 to 6. The shale hydration inhibition agent is present in sufficient concentration to substantially reduce the swelling of shale drilling cuttings upon contact with the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid may be formulated to include a wide variety of components of aqueous based drilling fluids, such as weighting agents, fluid loss control agents, suspending agents, viscosifying agents, rheology control agents, as well as other compounds and materials known to one of skill in the art. The fluids may also be used in fracturing and the disposal by reinjection of drilling cutting into a selected subterranean disposal formation.
    • 一种用于钻井,固井,修井,压裂和放弃地下井的水基流体,通过含有在水存在下膨胀的页岩的地层。 在一个说明性实施例中,钻井流体由基于水的连续相,加重剂和页岩水化抑制剂组成。 页岩水化抑制剂应具有以下通式:其中R和R'独立地选自氢,甲基,乙基或丙基,X具有1至6的值。页岩水化抑制剂以足够的浓度存在至基本上 在与钻井液接触时减少页岩钻屑的膨胀。 钻井液可以被配制成包括水基钻井液的各种各样的组分,例如加重剂,流体损失控制剂,悬浮剂,增粘剂,流变控制剂,以及其它化合物和材料 艺术技能 流体也可以用于压裂和通过将钻削切割注入到选定的地下处理层中来进行处理。
    • 23. 发明授权
    • Methods for using reversible phase oil-based drilling fluid
    • 使用可逆相油基钻井液的方法
    • US07527097B2
    • 2009-05-05
    • US12102405
    • 2008-04-14
    • Arvind D. Patel
    • Arvind D. Patel
    • E21B43/267C09K8/64
    • C09K8/26C09K8/32C09K8/36C09K8/52C09K8/602C09K8/64C09K8/82C09K2208/18E21B21/068
    • A method of fracturing a subterranean formation, the method including injecting a fracturing fluid into the well, wherein said fracturing fluid includes: an oleaginous fluid; and an amine surfactant having the structure wherein R is a C12-C22 aliphatic hydrocarbon; R′ is an independently selectable from hydrogen or C1 to C3 alkyl; A is NH or O, and 1≦x+y≦3; and oil-wet proppant material. Additionally, the method includes pressurizing the fluid so as to cause the subterranean formation to fracture and allow the proppant materials to enter the crack, adding acid to the fluid so as to change the oil-wet proppant materials into water-wet proppant materials, and washing the well with an aqueous based wash solution.
    • 一种压裂地层的方法,所述方法包括将压裂流体注入所述井中,其中所述压裂流体包括:油质流体; 和具有以下结构的胺表面活性剂,其中R是C 12 -C 22脂族烃; R'可独立地选自氢或C 1至C 3烷基; A是NH或O,1 <= x + y <= 3; 和油湿支撑剂材料。 此外,该方法包括对流体进行加压以使地层破裂并允许支撑剂材料进入裂缝,向流体中加入酸,以将油润湿的支撑剂材料变成水湿支撑剂材料,以及 用水基洗涤溶液洗涤孔。
    • 24. 发明授权
    • Oil based well fluids with high solids content
    • 油基井液,固体含量高
    • US06770602B2
    • 2004-08-03
    • US10062854
    • 2002-01-31
    • Arvind D. PatelReginald BellBurhan HoxhaJim Friedheim
    • Arvind D. PatelReginald BellBurhan HoxhaJim Friedheim
    • C09K706
    • C09K8/36C09K2208/18
    • A fluid having utility in subterranean wells is formulated to include: an oleaginous fluid; and a solids tolerance agent having the formula: in which R is a C6 to C20 aliphatic group and R′ is a C2 to C6 aliphatic group and x has a value from about 1 to about 10. Preferably R′ is selected from ethyl and isopropyl and R is an unsaturated aliphatic group. The fluid is formulated such that the oleaginous fluid is from about 30% to about 99% by volume of said fluid. In one illustrative embodiment, the oleaginous fluid is composed from about 5% to about 100% by volume of the oleaginous fluid of a material selected from a group consisting of diesel oil, mineral oil, synthetic oil, esters, ethers, acetals, di-alkylcarbonates, olefins, and combinations of these and similar fluids. A non-oleaginous fluid may also be included in the formulation that is from about 1% to about 70% by volume of said fluid. The non-oleaginous fluid is preferably selected from sea water, a brine containing organic or inorganic dissolved salts, a liquid containing water-miscible organic compounds, and combinations thereof. Also included in the fluid formulation may be weighting agents, fluids loss agents, viscosity agents and other similar agents utilized in the formulation of oil-based and invert emulsion drilling fluids.
    • 在地下井中具有效用的流体被配制成包括:含油流体; 和具有下式的固体耐受剂:其中R是C6至C20脂族基团,R'是C2至C6脂族基团,x具有约1至约10的值。优选地,R'选自乙基和异丙基 并且R是不饱和脂族基团。 流体被配制成使得含油流体占所述流体的约30体积%至约99体积%。 在一个说明性实施方案中,含油流体由选自柴油,矿物油,合成油,酯,醚,缩醛,二缩水甘油醚的材料的约5体积%至约100体积%的油质流体组成, 烷基碳酸酯,烯烃,以及这些和类似流体的组合。 制剂中也可以包含约1%至约70%体积的所述流体的非含油液体。 非油质流体优选选自海水,含有机或无机溶解盐的盐水,含有水混溶性有机化合物的液体及其组合。 还包括在流体配方中可以是增稠剂,流体损失剂,粘度剂和用于油基和反相乳液钻井液配方中的其它类似物质。
    • 25. 发明授权
    • Shale hydration inhibition agent and method of use
    • 页岩水化抑制剂及其使用方法
    • US06609578B2
    • 2003-08-26
    • US09884013
    • 2001-06-18
    • Arvind D. PatelEmanual StamatakisEric Davis
    • Arvind D. PatelEmanual StamatakisEric Davis
    • B09K100
    • C09K8/206C09K8/22C09K8/24C09K8/62C09K8/665C09K8/68C09K2208/12E21B21/068Y10S507/925
    • A water-base fluid for use in drilling wells and other drilling operation includes a shale which swells in the presence of water. The fluid preferably includes: an aqueous based continuous phase, and a shale hydration inhibition agent having the formula: H2N—R—{OR′}x—Y in which R and R′ are alkylene groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and x is a value from about 1 to about 25. The Y group should be an amine or alkoxy group, preferably a primary amine or a methoxy group. The shale hydration inhibition agent should be present in sufficient concentration to reduce the swelling of the shale. The fluid may be used for formulating drilling fluids such as invert emulsion drilling muds or clear brine drilling fluids. The fluid may also be used in the slurrification and disposal of drill cuttings that contain water swellable clays or shales.
    • 用于钻井和其他钻井作业的水基流体包括在水存在下膨胀的页岩。 流体优选包括:水基连续相和具有下式的页岩水合抑制剂:其中R和R'是具有1至6个碳原子的亚烷基,x是约1至约25的值.Y 基团应为胺或烷氧基,优选伯胺或甲氧基。 页岩水化抑制剂应以足够的浓度存在,以减少页岩的膨胀。 流体可以用于配制钻井液,例如反相乳液钻井泥浆或透明盐水钻井液。 该流体也可用于含有可溶胀的粘土或页岩的钻屑的脱气和处理。
    • 27. 发明授权
    • Conductive medium for openhole logging and logging while drilling
    • 用于裸眼测井和采伐的导电介质
    • US06308788B1
    • 2001-10-30
    • US09514680
    • 2000-02-28
    • Arvind D. PatelRejinald J. BellBurhan Hoxha
    • Arvind D. PatelRejinald J. BellBurhan Hoxha
    • C09K706
    • G01V3/20C09K8/32
    • A method of electrically logging subterranean wells using a conductive fluid in which the conductive fluid includes a miscible combination of an oleaginous fluid, a polar organic solvent, and an electrolytic salt. The electrolytic salt or brine of the salt is present in a concentration sufficient to permit the electrical logging of the subterranean well. The medium may further include gelling agent, weight material, surfactant, or corrosion inhibitors. The polar organic solvent may preferably be a oil soluble glycol or glycol ether such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and the like. The electrolytic salt or brine is preferably a quaternary amine salt having the formula: wherein R is an alkyl having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, R′ is 2 to 6 carbon atoms alkyl group, B is hydrogen, oxyalkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, A is hydrogen or alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, x+y=1 to 15, z is 0 to 3, and M− is a counter anion; or combinations thereof.
    • 一种使用导电流体对地下井进行电测井的方法,其中导电流体包括油性流体,极性有机溶剂和电解盐的可混合组合。 盐的电解盐或盐水的存在浓度足以允许对地下井进行电测井。 介质还可以包括胶凝剂,重量材料,表面活性剂或腐蚀抑制剂。 极性有机溶剂可以优选为油溶性二醇或二醇醚,例如乙二醇,二甘醇,丙二醇,聚丙二醇等。 电解盐或盐水优选为具有下式的季胺盐:其中R为具有8至18个碳原子的烷基,R'为2至6个碳原子的烷基,B为氢,具有1至4个碳原子的烷氧基烷基或 具有1至4个碳原子的烷基,A是氢或具有1至4个碳原子的烷基,x + y = 1至15,z为0至3,M-为抗衡阴离子; 或其组合。
    • 28. 发明授权
    • Ester based invert emulsion drilling fluids and muds having negative
alkalinity
    • 基于酯的反相乳液钻井液和具有负碱度的泥浆
    • US5977031A
    • 1999-11-02
    • US130914
    • 1998-08-07
    • Arvind D. Patel
    • Arvind D. Patel
    • C09K8/32C09K8/36C09K8/52E21B21/06C09K7/02
    • C09K8/32C09K8/36C09K8/52E21B21/068Y10S507/921Y10S507/933
    • An invert emulsion suitable for drilling subterranean wells, in particular oil and gas wells is disclosed which includes an oleaginous phase, and a non-oleaginous phase and a protonated amine surfactant which stabilizes the invert emulsion in the absence of an alkaline reserve material. The protonated amine surfactant has the general formula:[R--N.sup.+ --H.sub.3 ]B.sup.-wherein R is a C.sub.12 to C.sub.22 alkyl group and B.sup.- is a conjugate base of an acid; and the protonated amine surfactant is present in an amount capable of stabilizing the invert emulsion in the absence of an alkali reserve. The practice of the present invention permits the use of a broad range of esters as the oleaginous phase including simple alkyl esters which previously susceptible to hydrolysis due to the presence of an alkaline reserve material.
    • 公开了适用于钻井地下井,特别是油气井的反相乳液,其包括油相和非油质相和质子化胺表面活性剂,其在不存在碱性储备材料的情况下稳定反相乳液。 质子化胺表面活性剂具有以下通式:[R-N + -H 3] B - 其中R是C 12至C 22烷基,B是酸的共轭碱; 并且质子化胺表面活性剂以能够在没有碱储备的情况下稳定反相乳液的量存在。 本发明的实践允许使用宽范围的酯作为含油相,包括由于存在碱性储备材料而易于水解的简单的烷基酯。