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    • 21. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for detecting natural electrical coherence within the heart and for administering therapy based thereon
    • 用于检测心脏内的自然电相干性并用于基于其进行治疗的方法和装置
    • US06766195B1
    • 2004-07-20
    • US09686630
    • 2000-10-10
    • Gene A. BornzinPeter BoileauJoseph J. FlorioJohn W. PooreKelly H. McClure
    • Gene A. BornzinPeter BoileauJoseph J. FlorioJohn W. PooreKelly H. McClure
    • A61N0118
    • A61N1/3962A61N1/395
    • Techniques are provided for detecting natural electrical coherence within the heart and for administering or adjusting therapy based upon whether natural electrical coherence is detected. In one example, an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), upon detecting atrial fibrillation, delays administering an atrial defibrillation pulse until a period of natural electrical coherence is detected between the left and the right atria of the heart. The ICD may further delay the pulse until the ventricles of the heart are refractory so as to help prevent triggering ventricular fibrillation. The pulses are administered at a time selected based upon the period of electrical coherence to reduce the amount of electrical energy required within the pulse to reliably defibrillate the heart. Other types of therapy besides defibrillation therapy such as anti-tachycardia pacing pulses may also be timed based upon detection periods of natural electrical coherence. Method and apparatus embodiments are described.
    • 提供了用于检测心脏内的自然电连贯性的技术,并且用于基于是否检测到自然电连贯来施用或调整治疗。 在一个实例中,在检测心房颤动时,植入式心律转复除颤器(ICD)延迟施用心房除颤脉冲,直到在心脏的左心房和右心房之间检测到自然电相干的时间段。 ICD可以进一步延迟脉冲,直到心脏的心室难以耐受,以便有助于防止触发心室颤动。 在基于电相干周期选择的时间施加脉冲以减少脉冲内所需的电能量以可靠地除颤心脏。 除了除颤疗法之外的其他类型的治疗,如抗心动过速起搏脉冲也可以基于自然电连续性的检测周期来计时。 描述了方法和设备实施例。
    • 22. 发明授权
    • Implantable cardiac stimulation device and method for prolonging atrial refractoriness
    • 植入式心脏刺激装置及延长心房不应性的方法
    • US06701187B1
    • 2004-03-02
    • US10061567
    • 2002-02-01
    • Gene A. BornzinLaurence S. SlomanPeter BoileauJoseph J. Florio
    • Gene A. BornzinLaurence S. SlomanPeter BoileauJoseph J. Florio
    • A61N1362
    • A61N1/3622A61N1/3956
    • An implantable cardiac stimulation device, e.g., a pacemaker or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), is provided which prolongs the atrial refractoriness of a heart. The implantable cardiac stimulation device includes a generator that delivers pacing pulses to an atrium of a heart and a detector that detects atrial activations of the heart. An inhibitor is coupled to the detector that inhibits the generator when an atrial activation is detected within an escape interval. A generator control coupled to the generator causes the generator to deliver a primary pacing pulse to the atrium at the end of the escape interval, absent an atrial activation being detected within the escape interval, and causes the generator to deliver a secondary pacing pulse to the atrium a delay time after an atrial activation is detected within the escape interval or the delivery of a primary pacing pulse to the atrium.
    • 提供可植入心脏刺激装置,例如起搏器或植入式心律转复除颤器(ICD),其延长心脏的心房不应性。 可植入心脏刺激装置包括将起搏脉冲传送到心脏心房的发生器和检测心脏心房激活的检测器。 当在逃避间隔内检测到心房激活时,抑制剂耦合到检测器,该检测器抑制发生器。 耦合到发生器的发生器控制器使得发生器在逃逸间隔结束时将主起搏脉冲递送到心房,没有在逃逸间隔内检测到心房激活,并且使得发生器将辅助起搏脉冲输送到 在转移间隔内检测到心房激活之后的延迟时间或者向心房传送初级起搏脉冲。
    • 23. 发明授权
    • Implanatable cardiac stimulation device and method for prolonging atrial refractoriness
    • 可手术心脏刺激装置及延长心房不应性的方法
    • US06377852B1
    • 2002-04-23
    • US09488284
    • 2000-01-20
    • Gene A. BornzinLaurence S. SlomanPeter BoileauJoseph J. Florio
    • Gene A. BornzinLaurence S. SlomanPeter BoileauJoseph J. Florio
    • A61N1362
    • A61N1/3622A61N1/3956
    • An implantable cardiac stimulation device, e.g., a pacemaker or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), is provided which prolongs the atrial refractoriness of a heart. The implantable cardiac stimulation device includes a generator that delivers pacing pulses to an atrium of a heart and a detector that detects atrial activations of the heart. An inhibitor is coupled to the detector that inhibits the generator when an atrial activation is detected within an escape interval. A generator control coupled to the generator causes the generator to deliver a primary pacing pulse to the atrium at the end of the escape interval, absent an atrial activation being detected within the escape interval, and causes the generator to deliver a secondary pacing pulse to the atrium a delay time after an atrial activation is detected within the escape interval or the delivery of a primary pacing pulse to the atrium.
    • 提供可植入心脏刺激装置,例如起搏器或植入式心律转复除颤器(ICD),其延长心脏的心房不应性。 可植入心脏刺激装置包括将起搏脉冲传送到心脏心房的发生器和检测心脏心房激活的检测器。 当在逃避间隔内检测到心房激活时,抑制剂耦合到检测器,该检测器抑制发生器。 耦合到发生器的发生器控制器使得发生器在逃逸间隔结束时将主起搏脉冲递送到心房,没有在逃逸间隔内检测到心房激活,并且使得发生器将辅助起搏脉冲输送到 在转移间隔内检测到心房激活之后的延迟时间或者向心房传送初次起搏脉冲。
    • 24. 发明授权
    • Systems and methods for paired/coupled pacing and dynamic overdrive/underdrive pacing
    • 配对/耦合起搏和动态过载/欠驱动起搏的系统和方法
    • US08706224B1
    • 2014-04-22
    • US11929719
    • 2007-10-30
    • Gene A. BornzinJoseph J. FlorioPeter Boileau
    • Gene A. BornzinJoseph J. FlorioPeter Boileau
    • A61N1/365
    • A61N1/3628A61N1/3621A61N1/365A61N1/371
    • Techniques are described for use with an implantable cardiac stimulation device for performing paired/coupled pacing either alone or in conjunction with dynamic overdrive/underdrive pacing. In one technique, dynamic overdrive/underdrive pacing is delivered to the ventricles using paired pulses during an episode of atrial fibrillation. The use of paired pulses during dynamic ventricular overdrive/underdrive pacing helps lower and stabilize the ventricular rate to thereby reduce the risk of a ventricular arrhythmia. In another technique, the inter-pulse interval between paired pulses is optimized to lengthen the resulting refractory period to improve hemodynamics. Preferably, the optimized inter-pulse interval is used when applying dynamic ventricular overdrive/underdrive pacing with paired pulses so that the benefits of both techniques are obtained. The optimization technique is also applicable to setting the coupling interval for use with coupled pacing.
    • 描述技术用于可植入心脏刺激装置,用于单独执行配对/联合起搏,或与动态过载/欠驱动起搏结合使用。 在一种技术中,在心房颤动发作期间使用配对脉冲将动态超速/欠驱动起搏递送至心室。 在动态心室超速/欠驱动起搏期间使用配对脉冲有助于降低和稳定心室率,从而降低室性心律失常的风险。 在另一种技术中,配对脉冲之间的脉冲间隔被优化以延长所得的不应期以改善血液动力学。 优选地,当应用具有配对脉冲的动态心室超速/欠驱动起搏时使用优化的脉冲间间隔,从而获得两种技术的益处。 优化技术也适用于设置耦合起搏使用的耦合间隔。
    • 27. 发明授权
    • System and method for emulating a surface EKG for use with transtelephonic monitoring of an implantable medical device
    • 用于模拟表面EKG的系统和方法,用于可植入医疗装置的经耳监测
    • US07945314B1
    • 2011-05-17
    • US11432636
    • 2006-05-10
    • Jeffery D. SnellJong GillGene A. BornzinPeter BoileauEuljoon Park
    • Jeffery D. SnellJong GillGene A. BornzinPeter BoileauEuljoon Park
    • A61B5/04
    • A61B5/0402A61B5/0006A61N1/3702A61N1/37235A61N1/37282
    • A surface electrocardiogram (EKG) is emulated using signals detected by internal leads of an implanted device. In one example, emulation is performed using a technique that concatenates portions of signals sensed using different electrodes, such as by combining far-field ventricular signals sensed in the atria with far-field atrial signals sensed in the ventricles. In another example, emulation is performed using a technique that selectively amplifies or attenuates portions of a single signal, such as by attenuating near-field portions of an atrial unipolar signal relative to far-field portions of the same signal. The surface EKG emulation may be performed by the implanted device itself or by an external programmer based on cardiac signals transmitted thereto. A transtelephonic monitoring network is also described, wherein the emulated surface EKG (or raw data used to emulate the EKG) is relayed from an implanted device to a remote monitor, typically installed in a physician's office.
    • 使用由植入装置的内部引线检测的信号来模拟表面心电图(EKG)。 在一个示例中,使用将使用不同电极感测的信号的部分连接的技术来执行仿真,例如通过将在心房中感测到的远场心室信号与在心室中感测到的远场心房信号组合。 在另一示例中,使用选择性地放大或衰减单个信号的部分的技术来执行仿真,例如通过衰减相对于相同信号的远场部分的心房单极信号的近场部分。 表面EKG仿真可以由植入装置本身或外部编程器基于发送到其上的心脏信号执行。 还描述了一种跨耳监测网络,其中仿真表面EKG(或用于模拟EKG的原始数据)从植入装置中继到通常安装在医师办公室中的远程监视器。
    • 28. 发明申请
    • PAC THERAPY
    • PAC治疗
    • US20100318148A1
    • 2010-12-16
    • US12851515
    • 2010-08-05
    • Gene A. BornzinPeter Boileau
    • Gene A. BornzinPeter Boileau
    • A61N1/365
    • A61N1/3627A61N1/3624A61N1/3712A61N1/3714
    • An implantable cardiac device is programmed to detect and classify premature atrial contractions (PACs) and administer responsive pacing therapy. The responsive pacing therapy is in the form of an atrial extrastimulus, which is intended to preempt initiation of a reentrant tachycardia. The atrial extrastimulus is timed to occur late enough after a PAC to ensure atrial capture, but early enough that the resulting atrial depolarization does not conduct through the AV node to the ventricles if the PAC has already done so. If both of these criteria cannot be met, the device may be configured to inhibit the atrial extrastimulus.
    • 可植入心脏装置被编程以检测和分类早产性心房收缩(PAC)并进行响应性起搏治疗。 响应性起搏治疗是以心房超激发的形式,其旨在抢先引发折返性心动过速。 房间超激发定时发生在PAC后足够晚,以确保心房捕获,但足够早,如果PAC已经这样做,所产生的心房去极化不会通过AV节点进入心室。 如果这两个标准都不能满足,则可以将该装置配置成抑制心房再刺激。
    • 29. 发明授权
    • Systems and methods for employing an FFT to distinguish R-waves from T-waves using an implantable medical device
    • 使用FFT使用可植入医疗装置区分R波和T波的系统和方法
    • US07813791B1
    • 2010-10-12
    • US11841350
    • 2007-08-20
    • Jong GillPeter BoileauGene A. Bornzin
    • Jong GillPeter BoileauGene A. Bornzin
    • A61B5/0456
    • A61B5/0452A61B5/0464A61B5/7257A61N1/3621
    • A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) converts time-varying event waveforms into the frequency domain waveforms to thereby decompose the events into their spectral components, which are analyzed to distinguish R-waves from T-waves. In some embodiments, the FFT is only activated if a ventricular tachyarrhythmia is already indicated. For example, an initial ventricular rate may be derived from a ventricular IEGM based on all events detected therein. The initial ventricular rate is compared against one or more thresholds representative of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and/or ventricular fibrillation (VF) to determine if VT/VF is indicated. If so, the FFT is activated to distinguish R-waves from T-waves and, in particular, to detect and eliminate T-wave oversensing. Then, the ventricular rate is re-determined based only on the rate of true R-waves. Therapy is delivered if VT/VF is still detected.
    • 快速傅里叶变换(FFT)将时变事件波形转换成频域波形,从而将事件分解为其频谱分量,分析其以区分R波和T波。 在一些实施例中,仅当已经指示心室快速性心律失常时才激活FFT。 例如,可以基于其中检测到的所有事件从心室IEGM导出初始心室率。 将初始心室率与代表室性心动过速(VT)和/或心室颤动(VF)的一个或多个阈值进行比较,以确定是否指示VT / VF。 如果是这样,则FFT被激活以区分R波和T波,特别是检测和消除T波超检测。 然后,仅根据真正的R波的速率重新确定心室率。 如果仍然检测到VT / VF,则进行治疗。
    • 30. 发明授权
    • Spectrum-driven arrhythmia treatment method
    • 频谱驱动心律失常治疗方法
    • US07809439B2
    • 2010-10-05
    • US12111036
    • 2008-04-28
    • Mark W. KrollPeter Boileau
    • Mark W. KrollPeter Boileau
    • A61N1/36
    • A61N1/3622
    • A method and apparatus for treating an arrhythmia is provided. The method includes the steps of: (a) sensing at least one electrical signal from the patient's heart; (b) calculating a frequency spectrum of each electrical signal; (c) calculating a center frequency for each frequency spectrum; and (d) selecting an electro-therapy for delivery to the patient's heart based on the center frequency. The electro-therapy can be a pre-programmed anti-tachycardia pacing (ATP) therapy, a shock therapy, or no therapy at all. The method is performed through the use of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Also provided is a method of determining the optimal location to deliver the electro-therapy.
    • 提供了一种治疗心律失常的方法和装置。 该方法包括以下步骤:(a)感测来自患者心脏的至少一个电信号; (b)计算每个电信号的频谱; (c)计算每个频谱的中心频率; 以及(d)根据中心频率选择电疗以传送到患者的心脏。 电疗可以是预先编程的抗心动过速起搏(ATP)治疗,休克疗法,或根本没有治疗。 该方法通过使用植入式心律转复除颤器(ICD)进行。 还提供了确定递送电疗的最佳位置的方法。