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11. 发明授权

US5053190A Water cooled nuclear reactor and pressurizer assembly 失效
标题翻译：水冷核反应堆和压缩机组件
公开(公告)号：US5053190A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-01
申请号：US333975
申请日：1989-04-06
申请人： Frederick J. Gardner , Rodney Strong
发明人： Frederick J. Gardner , Rodney Strong
IPC分类号： G21C1/00 , G21C1/09 , G21C1/32 , G21C15/18
CPC分类号： G21C1/322 , G21C1/09 , G21C15/18 , Y02E30/31 , Y02E30/32
摘要： A water cooled nuclear reactor comprises a reactor core, a primary water coolant circuit and a pressurizer arranged as an integral unit in a pressure vessel. The pressure vessel is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber by a casing, the reactor core and primary coolant circuit are arranged in the lower chamber and the pressuriser is arranged in the upper chamber.A plurality of pipes interconnect a steam space of the pressuriser with an upper portion of the primary coolant circuit via ports in the casing. A plurality of re-entrant surge ports interconnect a water space of the pressuriser with a lower portion of the primary coolant circuit. The surge ports have low flow resistance for water from the water space to the primary coolant circuit and high flow resistance in the opposite direction.
摘要翻译：水冷核反应堆包括反应堆芯，初级水冷却剂回路和作为压力容器中的整体单元布置的加压器。压力容器通过壳体分为上室和下室，反应堆芯和主冷却剂回路布置在下室中，加压器设置在上室中。多个管道通过壳体中的端口将加压器的蒸汽空间与主冷却剂回路的上部相互连接。多个入口喘振端口将加压器的水空间与主冷却剂回路的下部相互连接。浪涌端口对于从水空间到主冷却剂回路的水具有低流动阻力，并且在相反方向上具有高流动阻力。

12. 发明授权

US5045274A Water cooled nuclear reactors 失效
标题翻译：水冷核反应堆
公开(公告)号：US5045274A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-03
申请号：US364164
申请日：1989-06-12
申请人： Anthony J. Donaldson
发明人： Anthony J. Donaldson
IPC分类号： G21C1/00 , G21C1/08 , G21C1/32 , G21C11/08 , G21C13/00 , G21C15/18
CPC分类号： G21C1/322 , G21C1/08 , G21C11/08 , G21C13/00 , G21C15/18 , Y02E30/40
摘要： In order to reduce any loss of primary water coolant from around a reactor core of a water cooled nuclear reactor caused by any failure of a pressure vessel, an inner vessel is positioned within and spaced from the pressure vessel. The reactor core and main portion of the primary water coolant circuit and a heat exchanger are positioned within the inner vessel to maintain some primary water coolant around the reactorcore and to allow residual decay heat to be removed from the reactor core by the heat exchanger. In a second embodiment an aperture at the upper region of the inner vessel is dimensioned configured and arranged to prevent steam from a steam space of an integral pressurized water cooled nuclear reactor for a ship entering the main portion of the primary water coolant circuit in the inner vessel if the longitudinal axis of the nuclear reactor is displaced from its normal substantially vertical position to an abnormal position at an angle to the vertical direction.
摘要翻译：为了减少由压力容器的任何故障引起的水冷式核反应堆的反应堆核心周围的主要水冷却剂的损失，内部容器位于压力容器内并与其隔开。反应堆堆芯和初级水冷却剂回路的主要部分和热交换器位于内部容器内，以将一些初级水冷却剂保持在反应堆核心周围，并允许通过热交换器将残余的腐烂热量从反应堆堆芯中移出。在第二实施例中，在内容器的上部区域处的孔的尺寸被设计和布置成防止来自整体的加压水冷核反应堆的蒸汽空间的蒸汽进入船内的主水冷却剂回路的主要部分如果核反应堆的纵向轴线从其正常的大致垂直位置移动到与垂直方向成一角度的异常位置，则容器。

13. 发明授权

US5860316A Capacitance probe 失效
标题翻译：电容探头
公开(公告)号：US5860316A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US709588
申请日：1996-09-09
申请人： Michael J. Berrill
发明人： Michael J. Berrill
IPC分类号： G01F23/26 , G01F23/70 , G01F23/72 , G01F23/00
CPC分类号： G01F23/266 , G01F23/265 , G01F23/268 , G01F23/70 , G01F23/72
摘要： A proximity sensing apparatus comprising a capacitor and means for detecting the change in capacitance of the capacitor. The capacitor comprises two capacitive elements that are insulated from each other and are relatively movable. With at least one of the capacitive elements formed from an electrically conducting liquid. The capacitance detecting means operate as a switch in response to the change in capacitance producing a binary output. This output being combined with a series of other outputs from a series of such proximity sensors to form an apparatus to determine position of an object, particularly a liquid level.
摘要翻译：一种接近感测装置，包括电容器和用于检测电容器的电容变化的装置。电容器包括彼此绝缘并且相对可移动的两个电容元件。其中至少一个电容元件由导电液体形成。电容检测装置响应于产生二进制输出的电容的变化而作为开关工作。该输出与来自一系列这种接近传感器的一系列其它输出组合以形成用于确定物体，特别是液位的位置的装置。

14. 发明授权

US5383518A Heat exchanger 失效
标题翻译：热交换器
公开(公告)号：US5383518A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-24
申请号：US98408
申请日：1993-08-04
申请人： Simon A. Banks , Colin I. Adderley , John O. Fowler , James E. Boardman
发明人： Simon A. Banks , Colin I. Adderley , John O. Fowler , James E. Boardman
IPC分类号： F28D9/00 , F28F3/08
CPC分类号： F28D9/005 , F28F2275/061 , Y10T29/49371
摘要： A plate-fin type of heat exchanger (100) facilitates exchange of heat between two or more process streams (101, 102). It comprises a matrix (M) of two different types of heat exchange plate elements (P1, P2) inter-digitated with each other. Adjacent plate elements are metallurgically bonded together for good thermal contact by an activated diffusion bonding process. The plate elements (P1, P2) are high-integrity diffusion bonded sandwich constructions comprising two outer sheets (201, 203 - FIG. 4 and a superplastically expanded core sheet structure (202) between the two outer sheets. The sandwich construction provides flow passages (P) for the process streams. Adjacent plate elements (P1, P2) carry different process streams (101, 102).
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB92 / 00332 Sec。 371日期：1993年8月4日 102（e）日期1993年8月4日PCT提交1992年2月24日PCT公布。出版物WO92 / 15830 日本1991年9月17日。板翅式热交换器（100）有助于在两个或更多个处理流（101,102）之间进行热交换。它包括彼此相互数位化的两种不同类型的热交换板元件（P1，P2）的矩阵（M）。相邻的板元件通过激活的扩散粘合工艺冶金结合在一起，以实现良好的热接触。板状元件（P1，P2）是两个外部片材（201,203〜图4）和两个外部片材之间的超塑性芯片结构（202）的高完整性扩散接合夹层结构，夹层结构提供流动通道（P），相邻的板元件（P1，P2）携带不同的工艺流（101,102）。

15. 发明授权

US5358799A Fuel cell 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池
公开(公告)号：US5358799A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-25
申请号：US82467
申请日：1993-06-28
申请人： Frederick J. Gardner
发明人： Frederick J. Gardner
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04029 , H01M8/04291 , H01M2300/0082
摘要： A fuel cell uses hydrogen as a fuel and oxygen as an oxidant and a hollow member is partially located in an anode chamber, partially located in a cathode chamber and partially located in a water collecting chamber. The hollow member contains a non electrolyte aqueous solution, eg sucrose solution. The hollow member is formed from a semi-permeable membrane which allows water to permeate therethrough but prevents hydrogen, oxygen and the solute, eg sucrose permeating therethrough. Water transported through a solid polymer electrolyte from the anode chamber to the cathode chamber and water produced in the cathode chamber permeates through the semi-permeable membrane into the hollow member by osmosis. Water in the hollow member permeates through the semi-permeable membrane into the anode chamber and dryer regions of the cathode chamber by osmosis. Water in the hollow member permeates through the semi-permeable membrane into the water collecting chamber.
摘要翻译：燃料电池使用氢作为燃料，氧作为氧化剂，中空构件部分地位于阳极室中，部分位于阴极室中并且部分地位于集水室中。中空构件含有非电解质水溶液，例如蔗糖溶液。中空构件由半透膜形成，其允许水透过其中，但是防止氢，氧和溶质，例如蔗糖渗透通过其中。通过固体聚合物电解质从阳极室输送到阴极室的水和阴极室中产生的水通过渗透渗透通过半透膜进入中空构件。中空部件中的水通过渗透渗入半导体膜进入阴极室的阳极室和干燥器区域。中空构件中的水通过半透膜渗透到集水室中。

16. 发明授权

US5124554A Explosives detector 失效
标题翻译：爆炸物探测器
公开(公告)号：US5124554A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-23
申请号：US656942
申请日：1991-02-19
申请人： Peter H. Fowler , Peter A. E. Stewart , John D. Rogers , Martin J. Allen
发明人： Peter H. Fowler , Peter A. E. Stewart , John D. Rogers , Martin J. Allen
IPC分类号： B64F1/32 , B64F1/36 , G01N23/222 , G01N33/22 , G01V5/00 , G21K5/04 , H05H3/04
CPC分类号： H05H3/04 , B64F1/368 , G01N23/222 , G01V5/0008 , G01V5/0069 , G21K5/04 , G01N2223/0745 , G01N2223/204 , G01N2223/206 , G01N2223/302 , G01N2223/40 , G01N2223/501 , G01N33/22
摘要： Apparatus for non-invasively inspecting an object, such as an item of luggage, for explosives material comprises a multi-channel thermal neutron inspection system having a plurality of neutron irradiation chambers. Simultaneous operation of several channels increases maximum system throughout several times. Each chamber has a lithium neutron source which is stimulated to neutron production by a proton beam. Beam switching magnets are energized by pulsing to divert a common proton beam to each source in turn. The initial beam is generated by a radio frequency quadrupole accelerator. The advantages of this system are very low residual source activity and controllable neutron production thereby minimizing safety hazards. The irradiation chamber may contain several different gamma ray detectors to identify the presence elements present in explosives material. In addition a neutron radiography imaging means may be employed to identify the presence of potential shielding materials.
摘要翻译：用于非侵入性地检查用于爆炸物料的行李物品的装置包括具有多个中子照射室的多通道热中子检查系统。多个通道的同时操作可以在数次内增加最大系统。每个室具有锂中子源，其被质子束刺激到中子产生。光束切换磁体通过脉冲激励，以将公共质子束依次转向每个源。初始波束由射频四极加速器产生。该系统的优点是残留源活性非常低，可控制的中子生产，从而使安全隐患最小化。照射室可以包含几种不同的γ射线检测器，以识别爆炸物质中存在的存在元素。此外，可以使用中子射线成像装置来识别潜在屏蔽材料的存在。

17. 发明授权

US5793200A Position responsive magnetic sensing elements for sensing the position of a member at a remote site 失效
标题翻译：位置响应磁感应元件，用于感测远端位置的构件的位置
公开(公告)号：US5793200A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US143227
申请日：1993-10-29
申请人： Michael J. Berrill
发明人： Michael J. Berrill
IPC分类号： G01D5/14 , G01D5/251 , G01F23/72 , G01B7/14 , G01D5/16 , G01F23/60 , G01R33/00
CPC分类号： G01D5/145 , G01D5/2515 , G01F23/72
摘要： The effective operating range of an actuator magnet on a position detecting array of solid state hall effect devices improved by the use of flux concentrating elements which direct the flux along the array of sensing devices. The flux concentrating elements comprise a series of rods each avowing a magnetic permeability substantially greater than that of free space, such as soft ferrite, which are placed alignment with and between each sensing device in the array.
摘要翻译：固体霍尔效应装置的位置检测阵列上的致动器磁体的有效操作范围通过使用沿着感测装置阵列引导磁通的磁通集中元件而改进。助焊剂浓缩元件包括一系列杆，每个杆都具有大大于自由空间的导磁率的磁导率，例如软铁氧体，其放置在阵列中的每个感测装置之间并且位于阵列中的每个感测装置之间。

18. 发明授权

US5565687A Liquid level monitor having a plurality of proximity sensors and a sensor actuating element 失效
标题翻译：液位监视器具有多个接近传感器和传感器致动元件
公开(公告)号：US5565687A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-15
申请号：US318836
申请日：1994-10-18
申请人： Michael J. Berrill
发明人： Michael J. Berrill
IPC分类号： G01D5/14 , G01D5/251 , G01D5/252 , G01F23/72 , G01F23/74 , G01N15/06
CPC分类号： G01D5/2515 , G01D5/145 , G01D5/252 , G01F23/72 , G01F23/74
摘要： Signal generating apparatus comprises a linear series of Hall-effect switches (44) arranged as a plurality of linear arrays in discrete probes (46a, 46b . . . 46n) which are butted end to end. Each switch is closed when in proximity of an actuating magnet (40) moveable along the series of switches. In each array a resistance chain (66) is linked at intervals to the switches. Movement of the magnet along an array thereby gives a progressively changing voltage on an output line (50) from the resistance chain as a cumulative signal indicating the position of the magnet. When the magnet moves from one array to the succeeding array after generating a maximum cumulative signal from said one array, that signal is maintained by a latch connection (56) between the two arrays. A cumulative signal representing the magnet position relative to the complete series of switches can thus be generated. The arrays are powered in parallel so that it is possible to extend substantially the total number of switches or indicating points in the apparatus.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB92 / 01601 Sec。 371日期：1994年10月18日 102（e）日期1994年10月18日PCT提交1992年9月2日PCT公布。公开号WO93 / 22623 日期：1993年11月11日信号发生装置包括一组线性系列的霍尔效应开关（44），它们被布置为多个线性阵列，它们分开对接到离散探头（46a，46b ... 46n）。当沿着一系列开关可移动的致动磁体（40）附近时，每个开关闭合。在每个阵列中，电阻链（66）被间隔连接到开关。沿着阵列的磁体的运动从而使来自电阻链的输出线（50）上的电压逐渐变化，作为指示磁体位置的累积信号。当在从所述一个阵列生成最大累积信号之后磁体从一个阵列移动到后续阵列时，该信号由两个阵列之间的锁存连接（56）保持。因此可以产生表示相对于完整系列开关的磁体位置的累积信号。阵列并联供电，使得可以基本上扩展装置中的开关或指示点的总数。

19. 发明授权

US5270950A Apparatus and a method for locating a source of acoustic emission in a material 失效
标题翻译：用于定位材料中声发射源的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5270950A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US760909
申请日：1991-09-17
申请人： Peter H. Cowley , Simon D. King , Neil Randall
发明人： Peter H. Cowley , Simon D. King , Neil Randall
IPC分类号： G01N29/07 , G01N29/14 , G01H11/08 , G01H17/00
CPC分类号： G01N29/4454 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/14 , G01N2291/011 , G01N2291/02854 , G01N2291/106
摘要： An apparatus for locating a source of acoustic emission in a material comprises four spaced transducers coupled to the material. Each transducer produces an output signal corresponding to a detected acoustic emission activity, and each output signal is amplified, rectified and enveloped before being supplied to a processor. Artificially induced acoustic emission events, of known location, are generated in the material. The processor measures the times taken for each output signal corresponding to artificially induced acoustic emission events, to exceed two predetermined amplitudes from a datum time. A neural network analyzes the measured times to exceed the predetermined amplitudes for the output signals corresponding to the artificially induced acoustic emission events and infers the mathematical relationship between values of time and location of acoustic emission event. The times taken for each output signal, corresponding to acoustic emission events of unknown source location, to exceed two predetermined amplitudes from the datum are measured and are used to calculate the location of the unknown source with the mathematical relationship deduced by the neural network.
摘要翻译：用于在材料中定位声发射源的装置包括耦合到该材料的四个间隔的换能器。每个换能器产生对应于检测到的声发射活动的输出信号，并且每个输出信号在被提供给处理器之前被放大，整流和包络。在材料中产生已知位置的人为地引起的声发射事件。处理器测量对应于人为感应声发射事件的每个输出信号所花费的时间，从基准时间超过两个预定幅度。神经网络分析测量时间超过对应于人为感应声发射事件的输出信号的预定幅度，并推断声发射事件的时间和位置值之间的数学关系。测量对应于未知源位置的声发射事件的每个输出信号超过基准的两个预定振幅所用的时间，并用于使用由神经网络推导的数学关系来计算未知源的位置。

20. 发明授权

US5102616A Full pressure passive emergency core cooling and residual heat removal system for water cooled nuclear reactors 失效
标题翻译：全压力受热应变芯冷却和水冷核反应堆残留除热系统
公开(公告)号：US5102616A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-07
申请号：US382172
申请日：1989-07-19
申请人： Frederick J. Gardner , Rodney Strong
发明人： Frederick J. Gardner , Rodney Strong
IPC分类号： G21C1/00 , G21C1/32 , G21C9/02 , G21C15/18
CPC分类号： G21C1/322 , G21C15/18 , G21C9/02 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2002/205 , G21Y2004/302 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A water cooled nuclear reactor comprises a reactor core, a primary water coolant circuit and a pressurizer arranged as an integral unit in a pressure vessel. A passive full pressure emergency core cooling and residual heat removal system is provided which comprises a tank having a reserve supply of water positioned above the primary water coolant circuit or the reactor core. The tank is interconnected to the primary water coolant circuit by a first pipe and a second pipe. The first pipe has an inverted U-bend which passes through a water space and a steam space of the pressurizer to form a vapor lock. The first pipe and second pipe are also provided with hydrostatic thermal seals. The tank has one or more residual heat removal circuits comprising a heat exchanger positioned in the tank and a heat exchanger outside the tank. Movement of the vapor lock from the inverted U-bend allows cool water from the tank to flow into the primary water coolant circuit and hot water to flow into the tank to be cooled. The vapor lock detects abnormalities in the reactor core and primary water coolant circuit and in the water level in the pressurizer, and automatically initiates full pressure passive emergency cooling and residual heat removal.

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