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11. 发明授权

US4916060A Process for chemical measurement in small volume samples by fluorescent indicators 失效
标题翻译：通过荧光指示剂对小体积样品进行化学测量的过程
公开(公告)号：US4916060A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-10
申请号：US372127
申请日：1989-06-27
申请人： James C. Weaver
发明人： James C. Weaver
IPC分类号： G01N33/52
CPC分类号： G01N33/52 , Y10S436/80 , Y10T436/143333
摘要： Detection or measurement of chemical indicator paramaters such as pH or of the concentration reactants of chemical reactions is accomplished by employing at least two fluorescent species with predominant emission at different optical wavelength regions, such that a synthesized fluorescence color change is created. In this manner, measurement is improved and simple visual inspection can reveal whether or not a chemical reaction or parameter has changed significantly, while retaining the sensitivity of fluorescence measurement or detection.
摘要翻译：通过采用在不同光学波长区域具有主要发射的至少两种荧光物质来实现化学指示剂参数的检测或测量，例如pH或化学反应的浓度反应物，从而产生合成的荧光颜色变化。以这种方式，改进了测量，并且简单的目视检查可以揭示化学反应或参数是否显着变化，同时保持荧光测量或检测的灵敏度。

12. 发明授权

US4859078A Apparatus for the non-invasive measurement of thermal properties and perfusion rates of biomaterials 失效
标题翻译：用于非侵入性测量生物材料的热性质和灌注速率的装置
公开(公告)号：US4859078A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US195336
申请日：1988-05-18
申请人： Harry F. Bowman , James C. Weaver
发明人： Harry F. Bowman , James C. Weaver
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , G01N25/18
CPC分类号： A61B5/01 , G01K1/16 , G01K13/002 , G01N25/18
摘要： Thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and/or fluid perfusion within a medium such as cutaneous tissue is non-invasively measured by at least two heating and temperature sensor. One sensor is positioned in thermal communication with the medium and a second sensor is positioned thermal communication with the first sensor. Both sensor are heated (or cooled) so as to substantially prevent net heat flow between them. In this manner, net heat flow between the first sensor and the medium can be measured, which measurements allow determination of the thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and/or fluid perfusion within the medium.
摘要翻译：通过至少两个加热和温度传感器非侵入性地测量介质如皮肤组织内的导热性，热扩散性和/或流体灌注。一个传感器被定位成与介质热连通，并且第二传感器被定位成与第一传感器热连通。两个传感器被加热（或冷却），以便基本上防止它们之间的净热流动。以这种方式，可以测量第一传感器和介质之间的净热流，该测量允许确定介质内的热导率，热扩散率和/或流体灌注。

13. 发明授权

US07597692B2 Microscission processes and procedures 失效
标题翻译：微观程序和程序
公开(公告)号：US07597692B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-06
申请号：US10800587
申请日：2004-03-15
申请人： James C. Weaver , R. Rox Anderson , Terry O. Herndon
发明人： James C. Weaver , R. Rox Anderson , Terry O. Herndon
IPC分类号： A61M31/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/30 , A61M5/427 , A61M37/00 , A61M2037/0007 , A61N1/325
摘要： The present invention relates to microscission methods and devices used for the manipulation or modification of the body tissue by the formation of microconduits in a tissue. The term “microconduit” refers to a small opening, channel, or hole into, or through, a tissue, that allows transfer of materials by liquid flow, and by electrophoresis, the microconduit being formed upon impact of a plurality of accelerated microparticles with the surface of the tissue. This process of “microscission” comprises forming at least one microconduit in tissue including the steps of: accelerating a plurality of microparticles to a velocity that causes the microparticles to penetrate a region of tissue surface upon impingement of the microparticles on the tissue surface; and directing the microparticle towards the region of tissue surface, thereby causing the microparticles to penetrate the tissue and form a microconduit in the tissue.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于通过在组织中形成微管的操作或改变身体组织的微观方法和装置。术语“微管道”是指通过液体流动允许材料转移并通过电泳的组织中的或通过组织的小的开口，通道或孔，在多个加速的微粒撞击时形成的微管，组织表面。 “微观”的这个过程包括在组织中形成至少一个微管，其包括以下步骤：将多个微粒加速到使微粒在组织表面上碰撞时穿透组织表面区域的速度; 并将微粒引向组织表面的区域，从而使微粒穿透组织并在组织中形成微管。

14. 发明授权

US5389069A Method and apparatus for in vivo electroporation of remote cells and tissue 失效
标题翻译：远程细胞和组织体内电穿孔的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5389069A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-14
申请号：US122809
申请日：1993-09-17
申请人： James C. Weaver
发明人： James C. Weaver
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61K38/38 , A61K38/48 , A61K41/00 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/32 , C07K14/82 , C12N15/87 , A61N1/30
CPC分类号： A61K41/0047 , A61B5/14514 , A61B5/418 , A61K48/00 , A61N1/325 , A61N1/327 , C07K14/82 , C12N15/87 , A61B5/14532 , C12M35/02
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed for causing electroporation of remote cells and tissue, in vivo. The method includes directing an electrically conductive penetrator into an organism to a point which is approximate to the cells and/or tissue. An electrode is disposed at a surface of the organism, whereby a voltage applied between the electrically conductive penetrator and the electrode will cause electroporation of the cells and/or tissue. A voltage is applied between the electrically conductive penetrator and the electrode in an amount sufficient to cause electroporation of the cell or tissue. The method can also include treating remote tissue, in vivo, with a chemical agent, wherein the chemical agent is disposed in the organism in an amount sufficient to treat the cell or tissue during electroporation.
摘要翻译：公开了用于在体内引起远程细胞和组织的电穿孔的方法和装置。该方法包括将导电穿透器引导到生物体到达接近细胞和/或组织的点。电极设置在生物体的表面，由此施加在导电穿透器和电极之间的电压将导致细胞和/或组织的电穿孔。在导电穿透器和电极之间以足以引起细胞或组织电穿孔的量施加电压。该方法还可以包括用化学试剂在体内处理远程组织，其中化学试剂以足以在电穿孔期间治疗细胞或组织的量置于生物体内。

15. 发明授权

US5141597A Thin polysilicon resistors 失效
标题翻译：薄多晶硅电阻
公开(公告)号：US5141597A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-25
申请号：US613333
申请日：1990-11-14
申请人： James R. Adams , James C. Weaver
发明人： James R. Adams , James C. Weaver
IPC分类号： H01L21/02
CPC分类号： H01L28/20 , Y10S438/924
摘要： Polycrystalline silicon resistors are formed by reducing the initial thickness of a poly layer to a magnitude such that the etch end point of the lightly doped resistors is equal to the etch end point of the heavily doped interconnection.
摘要翻译：通过将多晶硅层的初始厚度减小到使得轻掺杂电阻器的蚀刻终点等于重掺杂互连的蚀刻终点的大小来形成多晶硅电阻器。

16. 发明授权

US4643968A Process for determining metabolism and growth of cells under various conditions 失效
标题翻译：在各种条件下测定细胞代谢和生长的方法
公开(公告)号：US4643968A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-17
申请号：US527436
申请日：1983-08-26
申请人： James C. Weaver
发明人： James C. Weaver
IPC分类号： C12N1/00 , C12P1/00 , C12Q1/00 , C12Q1/18 , C12N11/02 , C12Q1/02 , C12Q1/06
CPC分类号： C12Q1/00 , C12N1/00 , C12P1/00
摘要： The metabolism and growth of cells is measured by suspending the cells in a liquid medium capable of forming a gel. The resultant suspension is formed into small droplets which droplets are caused to gel. Samples of the gel microdroplets (GMDs) are treated to alter the metabolism or growth of the cells, and the amount of metabolites, or other cellular products or external reaction products within each GMD is measured. The process can be utilized to determine essentially simultaneously the enumeration or count and the antibiotic susceptibility, or susceptibility to other compounds, factors, biological agents or other cells, of the cells which are representative of a larger sample of said cells.
摘要翻译：通过将细胞悬浮在能够形成凝胶的液体培养基中来测量细胞的代谢和生长。所得悬浮液形成为小液滴，使液滴凝胶化。处理凝胶微滴（GMD）的样品以改变细胞的代谢或生长，并且测量每个GMD内的代谢物或其它细胞产物或外部反应产物的量。该方法可用于基本上同时测定代表所述细胞的较大样品的细胞的计数或计数以及抗生素敏感性或对其它化合物，因子，生物制剂或其它细胞的敏感性。

17. 发明授权

US4379801A Stampable reinforced thermoplastic polyester sheets 失效
标题翻译：可冲压增强热塑性聚酯薄片
公开(公告)号：US4379801A
公开(公告)日：1983-04-12
申请号：US370318
申请日：1982-04-21
申请人： James C. Weaver , Robert W. Seymour
发明人： James C. Weaver , Robert W. Seymour
IPC分类号： B29C70/08 , B32B27/12 , B32B15/00 , B32B17/00
CPC分类号： B29C70/08 , B32B27/12 , B29K2101/12 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/256 , Y10T428/259 , Y10T428/273 , Y10T428/31786 , Y10T428/31794 , Y10T428/31797 , Y10T442/67
摘要： Stampable sheet of reinforced thermoplastic material having a plurality of layers of polymeric material and a plurality of layers of fibrous reinforcing material alternating with the layers of polymeric material, the polymeric material layers having minimum crystallization half-time upon heating of one minute or less and the polymeric material layer inwardly of the outer polymeric material layers and contiguous to a surfacing mat layer having a shrinkage of less than 2% as determined in accordance with ASTM Method D-955; with all of the layers being integrally formed together and possessing a smooth surface, essentially free of fiber "read-through", and of the type required of exterior automotive-type appearance parts; and a stamped sheet formed from the stampable sheet and having a heat deflection temperature under 264 psi load greater than T.sub.m -50.degree. C. wherein T.sub.m is the melting point of the outer layers of the sheet.
摘要翻译：具有多个聚合材料层的多层增强热塑性材料和可与聚合物材料层交替的多层纤维增强材料的可冲压片材，聚合材料层在加热1分钟或更短时间内具有最小的结晶半衰期，聚合物材料层在外部聚合物材料层的内部并且与根据ASTM方法D-955测定的具有小于2％的收缩率的表面垫层相邻; 其中所有的层整体形成在一起并且具有光滑的表面，基本上不含纤维“直通”和外部汽车型外观部件所需的类型; 以及由冲压片材形成的冲压片材，其热变形温度在大于Tm-50℃的264psi负荷下，其中Tm是片材的外层的熔点。

18. 发明授权

US4170520A Apparatus for measuring reactant concentrations and quantities 失效
标题翻译：用于测量反应物浓度和数量的装置
公开(公告)号：US4170520A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-09
申请号：US833921
申请日：1977-09-16
申请人： James C. Weaver
发明人： James C. Weaver
IPC分类号： C12M1/34 , C12M1/40 , C12K1/10
CPC分类号： C12M21/18 , C12M23/24 , C12M25/02 , C12M27/00 , C12M41/32
摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for determining the concentration or quantity of enzyme molecules, microorganisms or substrate molecules by monitoring directly the concentration and/or the quantity of vaporous by-product produced from the selective reaction of the molecule catalyzed with a known amount of substrate or of an enzyme or a microorganism. The apparatus comprises a membrane permeable to the vaporous product or substrate, a known amount of microorganism or an enzyme adjacent to the membrane, means for introducing a liquid sample into contact with the microorganism or enzyme within a small volume adjacent the membrane and means for measuring the amount of vaporous by-product passing through the membrane. A mass spectrometer located adjacent the membrane surface is suitable for measuring the amount of vaporous product or substrate passing through the membrane. The process is conducted by first calibrating the apparatus with a known concentration of substrate or of enzyme, and thereafter contacting a sample containing an unknown concentration of enzyme or microorganism with the substrates, or substrate with the enzyme or microorganism.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法和装置，用于通过直接监测由已知量的底物催化的分子的选择性反应产生的蒸气副产物的浓度和/或量来确定酶分子，微生物或底物分子的浓度或数量或酶或微生物。该装置包括对蒸气产物或底物可渗透的膜，已知量的微生物或与膜相邻的酶，用于将液体样品与邻近膜的小体积内的微生物或酶接触的装置和用于测量的装置蒸气副产物通过膜的量。位于膜表面附近的质谱仪适用于测量通过膜的蒸气产物或底物的量。该方法通过首先用已知浓度的底物或酶校准装置进行，然后使含有未知浓度的酶或微生物的样品与底物或底物与酶或微生物接触。

19. 发明授权

US06706032B2 Localized molecular and ionic transport to and from tissues 失效
标题翻译：局部分子和离子转运到和从组织
公开(公告)号：US06706032B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-16
申请号：US09878155
申请日：2001-06-07
申请人： James C. Weaver , R. Rox Anderson , Terry O Herndon , T. R. Gowrishankar , Elizabeth A. Gift , Salvador Gonzalez
发明人： James C. Weaver , R. Rox Anderson , Terry O Herndon , T. R. Gowrishankar , Elizabeth A. Gift , Salvador Gonzalez
IPC分类号： A61M3100
CPC分类号： A61N1/325 , A61M5/427 , A61M37/00 , A61M2037/0007 , A61N1/044 , A61N1/30
摘要： The present invention relates to methods and devices used for the formation of microconduits in a tissue. The term “microconduit” refers to a small opening, channel, or hole into, or through, a tissue, that allows transfer of materials by liquid flow, and by electrophoresis, the microconduit being formed upon impact of a plurality of accelerated microparticles with the surface of the tissue. A method is described for forming at least one microconduit in tissue including the steps of: accelerating a plurality of microparticles to a velocity that causes the microparticles to penetrate a region of tissue surface upon impingement of the microparticles on the tissue surface; and directing the microparticle towards the region of tissue surface, thereby causing the microparticles to penetrate the tissue and form a microconduit in the tissue. According to an embodiment, microparticles are accelerated by being hit with a moving, solid surface. In another embodiment, microparticles are accelerated by a flowing gas or liquid. Also described are methods and devices for using microconduits to deliver therapeutic molecules and ions into tissue, or for extraction of chemical analytes out of tissue. Also described is a method of nail piercing to accommodate jewelry.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于在组织中形成微管的方法和装置。术语“微管道”是指通过液体流动允许材料转移并通过电泳的组织中的或通过组织的小的开口，通道或孔，在多个加速的微粒撞击时形成的微管，组织表面。描述了一种用于在组织中形成至少一个微管的方法，包括以下步骤：将多个微粒加速到使微粒在组织表面上碰撞时穿透组织表面区域的速度; 并将微粒引向组织表面的区域，从而使微粒穿透组织并在组织中形成微管。根据一个实施例，通过用移动的固体表面击打微粒被加速。在另一个实施方案中，微粒被流动的气体或液体加速。还描述了使用微管道将治疗分子和离子递送到组织中或从组织中提取化学分析物的方法和装置。还描述了一种钉子穿孔以适应首饰的方法。

20. 发明授权

US06069078A Multi-level interconnect metallization technique 失效
标题翻译：多层互连金属化技术
公开(公告)号：US06069078A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-30
申请号：US1130
申请日：1997-12-30
申请人： James C. Weaver , Rick C. Jerome
发明人： James C. Weaver , Rick C. Jerome
IPC分类号： H01L21/285 , H01L21/768 , H01L23/532 , H01L21/44
CPC分类号： H01L23/53257 , H01L21/2855 , H01L21/76877 , H01L23/53219 , H01L2924/0002
摘要： A method of forming metallization layers and vias as part of an interconnect structure within an integrated circuit ("IC") is disclosed. The metallization layers and vias are formed of an alloy consisting of tungsten and one or more other materials such as aluminum, gold, copper, cobalt, titanium, molybdenum or platinum. In the alternative, the alloy may include aluminum and exclude tungsten. The alloy that forms the metallization layers and vias is deposited onto the IC substrate using ionized cluster beam ("ICB") apparatus. The IC substrate is an "in-process" IC in that various active devices (e.g., bipolar and/or MOS transistors), resistors and capacitors are formed in the substrate using conventional techniques prior to the ICB deposition of the alloy layers. Intermediate IC substrate processing steps (e.g., patterning and etching to form the vias) may take place in-between ICB deposition steps.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在集成电路（“IC”）内形成作为互连结构的一部分的金属化层和通孔的方法。金属化层和通孔由钨和一种或多种其它材料如铝，金，铜，钴，钛，钼或铂组成的合金形成。在替代方案中，合金可以包括铝并排除钨。形成金属化层和通孔的合金使用离子簇（“ICB”）装置沉积到IC基板上。 IC基板是“在制程”IC，其中在ICB沉积合金层之前，使用常规技术在衬底中形成各种有源器件（例如双极和/或MOS晶体管），电阻器和电容器。中间IC基板处理步骤（例如，图案化和蚀刻以形成通孔）可以在ICB沉积步骤之间进行。

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