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11. 发明授权

US4577305A Stereophonic motion picture photographic sound-tracks compatible with different sound projection formats and record and playback apparatus therefore 失效
标题翻译：因此，与不同声音投影格式兼容的立体声电影摄像声道
公开(公告)号：US4577305A
公开(公告)日：1986-03-18
申请号：US475036
申请日：1983-03-14
申请人： Ioan R. Allen , Craig C. Todd
发明人： Ioan R. Allen , Craig C. Todd
IPC分类号： G03B31/00 , G03B31/02 , G11B7/003 , G11B7/007 , G11B7/08 , G11B20/00 , G11B27/34 , H04S3/02 , G11B7/20 , H04R5/00
CPC分类号： G11B7/0032 , G11B20/00992 , G11B27/34 , G11B7/007 , G11B7/08 , H04S3/02
摘要： Discrete four-channel photographic (optical) motion picture sound-tracks are disclosed that are compatible with existing monophonic and stereo variable area (SVA) theatre projection equipment. Six track and four track embodiments are disclosed. In the four track embodiments 4-4-4 matrix encoding is employed in producing the sound-track. Apparatus for recording and reproducing the compatible four-channel sound-tracks are also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了与现有单声道和立体声可变区（SVA）剧院投影设备兼容的离散四声道照相（光学）运动图像声轨。公开了六个轨道和四个轨道实施例。在四轨实施例中，4-4-4矩阵编码被用于制作声轨。还公开了用于记录和再现兼容的四声道声轨的装置。

12. 发明授权

US5583962A Encoder/decoder for multidimensional sound fields 失效
标题翻译：用于多维声场的编码器/解码器
公开(公告)号：US5583962A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-10
申请号：US927429
申请日：1992-09-04
申请人： Mark F. Davis , Craig C. Todd , Ray M. Dolby
发明人： Mark F. Davis , Craig C. Todd , Ray M. Dolby
IPC分类号： G10L19/02 , G06F9/445 , G10L19/00 , G11B20/00 , G11B20/10 , H03M1/12 , H03M7/30 , H04B14/04 , H04H1/00 , H04H20/91 , H04S3/00 , G10L9/18 , G10L7/00
CPC分类号： H04S3/008 , G10L19/008 , G11B20/00 , G11B20/10527 , H04H20/91
摘要： Two or more audio channels (i.e.--stereo, 4-channel surround, etc.) are each divided into frequency subbands to be coarsely quantized. An adaptive bit allocation scheme is then applied to subbands which are combined across channels such that equivalent subbands (i.e.--same frequency band) from each channel are grouped together to form a steered subband. The power from each subband is averaged across the channels to form a steered subband level. Bits are conserved by forming a vector in which each channel is represented by the difference between the steered subband level (average) and the actual subband level. Subbands which are not steered are represented by the coarse quantization and are considered unsteered channel subbands. Subbands which are steered are represented by vectors and are considered composite channel subbands. Vectors may be represented using a lookup table and the steered subband levels may be calculated using alternatives such as a peak level rather than an average.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US92 / 00133 Sec。 371日期：1992年9月4日 102（e）1992年9月4日PCT PCT 1992年1月8日PCT公布。公开号WO92 / 12607 日期1992年7月23日将两个或更多个音频通道（即，立体声，4声道环绕等）分别划分成要被粗量化的频率子带。然后，自适应位分配方案被应用于跨信道组合的子带，使得来自每个信道的等同子带（即，相同的频带）被分组在一起以形成转向子带。每个子带的功率在通道之间被平均以形成转向子带电平。通过形成矢量来保存位，其中每个信道由转向子带电平（平均）和实际子带电平之间的差异表示。未被引导的子带由粗量化表示，并且被认为是非导向信道子带。被转向的子带由矢量表示，并被认为是复合信道子带。可以使用查找表来表示向量，并且可以使用诸如峰值级别而不是平均值的替代来计算转向子带级别。

13. 发明授权

US5581653A Low bit-rate high-resolution spectral envelope coding for audio encoder and decoder 失效
标题翻译：用于音频编码器和解码器的低比特率高分辨率频谱包络编码
公开(公告)号：US5581653A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US115513
申请日：1993-08-31
申请人： Craig C. Todd
发明人： Craig C. Todd
IPC分类号： H04N7/26 , H03M7/30 , H04B1/66 , H04B14/04 , H04N1/41 , G10L3/02 , G10L9/00
CPC分类号： G10L19/035 , H04B1/667
摘要： A split-band encoder prepares an estimate of an input signal spectral envelope by splitting the input signal into frequency subband signals, generates a scaled representation of the subband signals comprising scaling factors and scaled values, generates a differential coded representation of the scaling factors, and assembles the differential coded representation and scaled values into an encoded signal. The scale factors represent a spectral envelope of the input signal and spectral leakage between filterbank subbands limits the change in value between adjacent scaling factors. This limitation in change can be exploited to reduce the informational requirements of the differential coded representation. Adaptive selection between high- and low-resolution spectral envelopes and adaptive scaling factor reuse are described.
摘要翻译：分频编码器通过将输入信号分成频率子带信号来准备输入信号频谱包络的估计，产生包括缩放因子和缩放值的子带信号的缩放表示，产生缩放因子的差分编码表示，以及将差分编码表示和缩放值组合成编码信号。比例因子表示输入信号的频谱包络，滤波器组子带之间的频谱泄漏限制了相邻缩放因子之间的值的变化。可以利用这种变化限制来减少差分编码表示的信息要求。描述了高分辨率和低分辨率频谱包络之间的自适应选择以及自适应缩放因子重用。

14. 发明授权

US5402124A Encoder and decoder with improved quantizer using reserved quantizer level for small amplitude signals 失效
标题翻译：具有改进的量化器的编码器和解码器使用保留的量化器电平用于小振幅信号
公开(公告)号：US5402124A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US981286
申请日：1992-11-25
申请人： Craig C. Todd , Mark F. Davis
发明人： Craig C. Todd , Mark F. Davis
IPC分类号： H03M1/08 , H03M1/12 , H03M1/66 , H03M1/18
CPC分类号： H03M1/0854 , H03M1/12 , H03M1/66
摘要： The invention relates in general to the quantization of digital signal information. More particularly, the invention relates to the reduction of perceptible effects of quantizing noise by reserving a special quantizing level for low-level signals in encoding and decoding applications.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及数字信号信息的量化。更具体地，本发明涉及通过在编码和解码应用中为低电平信号预留特殊的量化电平来减少量化噪声的可察觉的影响。

15. 发明授权

US5357284A Compatible digital audio for NTSC television 失效
标题翻译： NTSC电视兼容的数字音频
公开(公告)号：US5357284A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-18
申请号：US501608
申请日：1990-03-29
申请人： Craig C. Todd
发明人： Craig C. Todd
IPC分类号： H04N5/455 , H04N5/60 , H04N7/04 , H04N7/06 , H04N7/00
CPC分类号： H04N5/455 , H04N5/605 , H04N7/04 , H04N7/06
摘要： A method and apparatus for transmitting a digitally modulated Quadrature Phase Keyed (QPSK) audio carrier signal, or a digitally modulated Quadrature Partial Response System (QPRS) audio carrier signal, wherein the audio carrier signal is located 1.2 MHz below the video carrier of an NTSC signal. This places the digital audio signal 300 KHz above the analog FM sound center frequency of the NTSC signal in the adjacent lower channel, 4.8 MHz above the video carrier of the adjacent lower channel NTSC signal and at the edge of the lower vestigal video sideband components of the NTSC signal with which the digital audio signal is associated.
摘要翻译：一种用于发送数字调制正交相位键控（QPSK）音频载波信号或数字调制正交部分响应系统（QPRS）音频载波信号的方法和装置，其中音频载波信号位于NTSC的视频载波之下1.2MHz 信号。这样将数字音频信号在NTSC信号的模拟FM声音中心频率上方300KHz放置在邻近的下一个信道中，相邻下一个信道NTSC信号的视频载波上方4.8MHz，并且在较低的背景视频边带分量与数字音频信号相关联的NTSC信号。

16. 发明授权

US5632005A Encoder/decoder for multidimensional sound fields 失效
标题翻译：用于多维声场的编码器/解码器
公开(公告)号：US5632005A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US487725
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Mark F. Davis , Craig C. Todd , Ray Milton Dolby
发明人： Mark F. Davis , Craig C. Todd , Ray Milton Dolby
IPC分类号： H04S3/00 , G10L5/00
CPC分类号： G10L19/008 , H04S3/008
摘要： An adaptive high-fidelity perceptual subband encoder for spatially directional multichannel audio signals, using a mixture of individual-channel subband coding with subband-steered composite-channel signal coding that combines the spectral components of the individual channel subbands selected for steering. The composite channel representation includes a subband steering control signal which either conveys the levels of the spectral components from all the steered channels, or represents the apparent directions (net directional vectors) of the spectral components from all the steered channels.
摘要翻译：一种用于空间定向多声道音频信号的自适应高保真感知子带编码器，其使用组合选择用于转向的各个信道子带的频谱分量的子频带子带编码与子带转向复合信道信号编码的混合。复合信道表示包括从所有转向信道传送频谱分量的级别或表示来自所有转向信道的频谱分量的表观方向（净方向向量）的子带导向控制信号。

17. 发明授权

US5632003A Computationally efficient adaptive bit allocation for coding method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：用于编码方法和装置的计算有效的自适应比特分配
公开(公告)号：US5632003A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-20
申请号：US145975
申请日：1993-11-01
申请人： Grant A. Davidson , Craig C. Todd , Mark F. Davis , Brian D. Link , Louis D. Fielder
发明人： Grant A. Davidson , Craig C. Todd , Mark F. Davis , Brian D. Link , Louis D. Fielder
IPC分类号： H03M7/30 , H04B1/66 , H04B14/06 , G10L9/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/665 , H04B1/667
摘要： The invention relates in general to low bit-rate encoding and decoding of information such as audio information. More particularly, the invention relates to computationally efficient adaptive bit allocation and quantization of encoded information useful in high-quality low bit-rate coding systems.In one embodiment, an audio split-band encoder splits an input signal into frequency subband signals, quantizes the subband signals according to values established by an allocation function, and assembles the quantized subband signals into an encoded signal. The allocation function establishes allocation values in accordance with psychoacoustic principles based upon a masking threshold. The masking threshold is established by estimating the power spectral density (PSD) of the input signal, generating an excitation pattern by applying a spreading function to the PSD, adjusting the excitation pattern by an amount equal to a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) offset sufficient to achieve psychoacoustic masking, comparing the level of the adjusted pattern to the threshold of hearing and generating a masking threshold which is equal to the larger of the two. The spreading function may be implemented by applying one or more IIR filters to the input signal PSD.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及诸如音频信息的信息的低比特率编码和解码。更具体地，本发明涉及在高质量低比特率编码系统中有用的编码信息的计算上有效的自适应比特分配和量化。在一个实施例中，音频分离带编码器将输入信号分离成频率子带信号，根据由分配函数建立的值量化子带信号，并将量化的子带信号组合成编码信号。分配功能基于掩蔽阈值根据心理声学原理建立分配值。通过估计输入信号的功率谱密度（PSD）来建立屏蔽阈值，通过向PSD施加扩展函数来产生激励模式，将激励模式调整等于信噪比（SNR）的量）偏移足以实现心理声学掩蔽，将调整模式的电平与听力阈值进行比较，并产生等于两者中较大者的掩蔽阈值。可以通过将一个或多个IIR滤波器应用于输入信号PSD来实现扩展功能。

18. 发明授权

US5274740A Decoder for variable number of channel presentation of multidimensional sound fields 失效
标题翻译：解码器，用于多维声场的频道演示
公开(公告)号：US5274740A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-28
申请号：US718356
申请日：1991-06-21
申请人： Mark F. Davis , Craig C. Todd
发明人： Mark F. Davis , Craig C. Todd
IPC分类号： H04B14/04 , H04H20/88 , H04S3/00 , H04S7/00 , G10L5/00
CPC分类号： H04S3/008
摘要： The invention relates to the reproduction of high-fidelity multi-dimensional sound fields intended for human hearing. More particularly, the invention relates to the decoding of signals representing such sound fields delivered by one or more delivery channels, but played back over a number of presentation channels which may differ from the number of delivery channels. In a preferred embodiment, a decoder implemented by a discrete digital inverse transform incurs implementation costs roughly proportional to the number of presentation channels.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于人类听觉的高保真多维声场的再现。更具体地说，本发明涉及对由一个或多个传送信道传送的表示这种声场的信号的解码，但是可以与传送信道的数量不同的多个呈现频道进行回放。在优选实施例中，通过离散数字逆变换实现的解码器产生与呈现频道数量成正比的实现成本。

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