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    • 2. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SELECTING BETWEEN MULTIPLE EQUAL COST PATHS
    • 用于选择多个等效成本的方法和装置
    • WO2011029179A1
    • 2011-03-17
    • PCT/CA2010/001388
    • 2010-09-08
    • NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITEDALLAN, DavidBRAGG, NigelCHIABAUT, Jerome
    • ALLAN, DavidBRAGG, NigelCHIABAUT, Jerome
    • H04L12/56H04B1/00H04B14/00H04L12/24
    • H04L45/24H04L12/66H04L45/00H04L45/12H04L45/66
    • Each equal cost path is assigned a path ID created by concatenating an ordered set of link IDs which form the path through the network. The link IDs are created from the node IDs on either set of the link. The link IDs are sorted from lowest to highest when creating the path ID to facilitate ranking of the paths. The low and high ranked paths are selected from this ranked list as the first set of diverse paths through the network. Each of the link IDs on each of the paths is then renamed, for example by inverting either all of the high node IDs or low node IDs. After re-naming the links, new path IDs are created by concatenating an ordered set of renamed link IDs. The paths are then re-ranked and the low and high re-ranked paths are selected from this re- ranked list as the second set of diverse paths through the network. Selective naming of node IDs and use of different inversion functions can be exploited to further optimize distribution of traffic on the network.
    • 为每个相等的成本路径指定了通过连接形成通过网络的路径的有序的链路ID组创建的路径ID。 链接ID是从链路的任一组上的节点ID创建的。 当创建路径ID以便于路径的排序时,链接ID从最低到最高排序。 从这个排名列表中选择低和高排名的路径作为通过网络的第一组不同路径。 然后,每个路径上的每个链路ID被重命名,例如通过反转所有高节点ID或低节点ID。 在链接重新命名之后,通过连接重命名的链接ID的有序集来创建新的路径ID。 然后将路径重新排序,并且从该重新排列的列表中选择低和高重排路径作为通过网络的第二组不同路径。 可以利用节点ID的选择性命名和不同反演功能的使用来进一步优化网络上的流量分配。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACCOMMODATING DUPLICATE MAC ADDRESSES
    • 用于存储双重MAC地址的方法和装置
    • WO2010121377A1
    • 2010-10-28
    • PCT/CA2010/000610
    • 2010-04-21
    • NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITEDALLAN, DavidBRAGG, Nigel
    • ALLAN, DavidBRAGG, Nigel
    • H04L12/24H04L12/56H04L29/08
    • H04L61/2015H04L12/2881H04L29/12264H04L29/12839H04L29/12933H04L61/2046H04L61/6022H04L61/6068
    • Each access node is associated with one or more IP subnets with a preferred default subnet. Each subnet is instantiated as a unique virtual Ethernet broadcast domain. As client nodes register on the communication network, they will dynamically try to obtain an IP address for use on the communication network. As part of this process, the MAC address of the client node will be checked to ensure that it is not a duplicate of another MAC address associated with another client node that has already been assigned an IP address from the default subnet. When duplicate MAC addresses are detected, the device with the duplicate MAC address will be assigned an IP address from a different subnet so that more than one client device with the same MAC address are not associated with the same subnet. In one embodiment, a DHCP server may implement the process of checking for duplicate MAC addresses. In an Ethernet context, different IP subnet prefixes may be mapped to different S-VID values so that the different subnets are implemented as different VLANs within the Ethernet network.
    • 每个访问节点与一个或多个具有优选默认子网的IP子网相关联。 每个子网被实例化为唯一的虚拟以太网广播域。 随着客户端节点在通信网络中的注册,他们将动态地尝试获取在通信网络上使用的IP地址。 作为此过程的一部分,将检查客户端节点的MAC地址,以确保它不是与已从默认子网分配了IP地址的另一个客户端节点关联的另一个MAC地址重复。 当检测到重复的MAC地址时,具有重复MAC地址的设备将被分配来自不同子网的IP地址,以便具有相同MAC地址的多个客户端设备不与同一个子网相关联。 在一个实施例中,DHCP服务器可以实现检查重复的MAC地址的过程。 在以太网上下文中,不同的IP子网前缀可以被映射到不同的S-VID值,使得不同的子网被实现为以太网中不同的VLAN。
    • 8. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR EXCHANGING ROUTING INFORMATION AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CONNECTIVITY ACROSS MULTIPLE NETWORK AREAS
    • 交换路由信息的方法与装置以及多个网络区域建立连通性
    • WO2008076201A1
    • 2008-06-26
    • PCT/US2007/024227
    • 2007-11-19
    • NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITEDALLAN, DavidBRAGG, NigelUNBEHAGEN, PaulASHWOOD-SMITH, PeterGUOLI, Yin
    • ALLAN, DavidBRAGG, NigelUNBEHAGEN, PaulASHWOOD-SMITH, PeterGUOLI, Yin
    • H04L12/28H04L12/46
    • H04L41/12H04L12/462H04L45/02H04L45/04H04L45/66
    • Routes may be installed across multiple link state protocol controlled Ethernet network areas by causing ABBs to leak I-SID information advertised by BEBs a L1 network area into an L2 network area. ABBs will only leak I-SIDs for BEBs where it is the closest ABB for that BEB. Where another ABB on the L2 network also leaks the same I-SID into the L2 network area from another L1 network area, the I-SID is of multi-area interest. ABBs will advertise I-SIDs that are common to the L1 and L2 networks back into their respective L1 network. Within each L1 and L2 network area, forwarding state will be installed between network elements advertising common interest in an ISID, so that multi-area paths may be created to span the L1/L2/L1 network areas. ABBs may summarize BEB multicast trees such that the set of trees for a given I-SID transiting the ABB is condensed into a common tree. The L2 network may further be implemented as a second layer implemented using a L1/L2/L1 network structure, so that the L1/L2/L1 network structure may recurse an arbitrary number of times.
    • 路由可以跨多个链路状态协议控制的以太网网络区域安装,使ABB将L1网络区域的BEB发布的I-SID信息泄漏到L2网络区域。 ABB只会泄漏BEB的I-SID,而该BEB是该BEB最接近的ABB。 如果L2网络上的另一个ABB也从同一个L1网络区域将相同的I-SID泄漏到L2网络区域,则I-SID具有多方面的兴趣。 ABB将通过将L1和L2网络通用的I-SID广播回各自的L1网络。 在每个L1和L2网络区域内,转发状态将安装在对ISID广播共同兴趣的网元之间,从而可以创建多区域路径来跨越L1 / L2 / L1网络区域。 ABB可能会总结BEB组播树,以便将通过ABB的给定I-SID的树组合成一个公共树。 L2网络还可以被实现为使用L1 / L2 / L1网络结构实现的第二层,使得L1 / L2 / L1网络结构可以递归任意次数。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • VIRTUAL LINKS IN A ROUTED ETHERNET MESH NETWORK
    • 路由式以太网网络中的虚拟链路
    • WO2010124367A1
    • 2010-11-04
    • PCT/CA2010/000611
    • 2010-04-21
    • NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITEDALLAN, DavidBRAGG, Nigel
    • ALLAN, DavidBRAGG, Nigel
    • H04Q3/64H04L12/28H04L12/56
    • H04L45/24H04L45/02H04L45/66
    • Virtual links may be used to divert traffic within an Ethernet network without affecting overall traffic patterns on the Ethernet network. In one embodiment, the virtual link may be established on the network via a routing system in use on the network. Nodes on a defined path for the virtual link will install forwarding state for the virtual link so that traffic may follow the defined path through the network. The logical view of the virtual link, from a routing perspective however, has the same cost as the shortest path between the endpoints of the virtual link and, accordingly, does not affect other traffic patterns on the network. Once established, the end nodes on the virtual path will have two equal cost paths through the network - one following the shortest path tree and one along the path for the virtual link. The end nodes may use a tie breaking process in an Equal Cost Multi Path (ECMP) selection process to preferentially select the virtual link over the shortest path.
    • 可以使用虚拟链路来转移以太网中的流量,而不会影响以太网上的总体流量模式。 在一个实施例中,可以经由在网络上使用的路由系统在网络上建立虚拟链路。 用于虚拟链路的定义路径上的节点将为虚拟链路安装转发状态,以便流量可能遵循通过网络定义的路径。 然而,从路由角度看,虚拟链路的逻辑视图与虚拟链路的端点之间的最短路径具有相同的成本,因此不会影响网络上的其他流量模式。 一旦建立,虚拟路径上的端节点将具有通过网络的两条相同的成本路径 - 一个在最短路径树之后,一个沿着虚拟链路的路径。 终端节点可以使用等价成本多路径(ECMP)选择过程中的中断过​​程优先选择最短路径上的虚拟链路。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • EVOLUTION OF ETHERNET NETWORKS
    • 以太网网络演进
    • WO2009079771A1
    • 2009-07-02
    • PCT/CA2008/002234
    • 2008-12-19
    • NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITEDBRAGG, NigelALLAN, DavidPARRY, SimonFRISKNEY, RobertBRUECKHEIMER, Simon
    • BRAGG, NigelALLAN, DavidPARRY, SimonFRISKNEY, RobertBRUECKHEIMER, Simon
    • H04L12/40H04L12/56
    • H04L12/4641H04L12/462H04L12/4654H04L12/4658H04L12/4662H04L41/12H04L43/50H04L45/745
    • An Ethernet network comprises nodes which support a plurality of different forwarding modes. A range of VLAN Identifiers (VIDs) are allocated to each of the forwarding modes. Connections are configured between a source node and a destination node of the network using different forwarding modes. Packets carrying data traffic are sent to the destination node by selectively setting a VID in a packet to a first value, to transfer a packet via a first connection and a first forwarding mode, and a second value to transfer a packet via the second connection and the second forwarding mode. Packets received from both of the connections and sent on to an end-user. VLAN Identifiers can be allocated to different releases of functionality at nodes (e.g. software releases) such that packets are forwarded via a set of nodes supporting a first release, or via a set of nodes supporting a second release. It is possible to provide a controlled and disruption-free network evolution.
    • 以太网网络包括支持多个不同转发模式的节点。 每个转发模式都分配了一系列VLAN标识符(VID)。 使用不同的转发模式在网络的源节点和目的节点之间配置连接。 通过选择性地将数据包中的VID设置为第一值,经由第一连接和第一转发模式传送分组,以及经由第二连接传送分组的第二值,将携带数据业务的分组发送到目的地节点, 第二转发模式。 从两个连接接收到的数据包发送给最终用户。 VLAN标识符可以被分配给节点(例如软件版本)上的不同版本的功能,使得分组经由支持第一版本的一组节点或经由支持第二版本的一组节点转发。 可以提供受控和无中断的网络演进。