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1. 发明授权

US06615206B1 Techniques for eliminating database table joins based on a join index 有权
标题翻译：基于连接索引消除数据库表连接的技术
公开(公告)号：US06615206B1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-02
申请号：US10186461
申请日：2002-06-28
申请人： Hakan Jakobsson , Ari Mozes , Andrew Witkowski , Fei Ge
发明人： Hakan Jakobsson , Ari Mozes , Andrew Witkowski , Fei Ge
IPC分类号： G06F1730
CPC分类号： G06F17/30498 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： Techniques for processing, in a database management system, a query referencing a plurality of tables of a database include determining whether a join should be performed between a first table and a second table. The determination is based on a particular set of one or more columns of the second table referenced in the query and a join index on the first table for an index key column from the second table. If it is determined that the join should not be performed, the query is processed without performing the join between the first table and the second table. By avoiding one or more joins, substantial savings in the consumption of computational resources are achieved.
摘要翻译：在数据库管理系统中处理引用数据库的多个表的查询的技术包括确定是否应当在第一表和第二表之间执行连接。该确定基于查询中引用的第二表的一个或多个列的特定集合，以及来自第二表的索引关键字列的第一表上的连接索引。如果确定不应执行连接，则处理查询而不执行第一个表和第二个表之间的连接。通过避免一个或多个连接，实现了计算资源消耗的显着节省。

2. 发明授权

US07111020B1 Incremental refresh of materialized views containing rank function, and rewrite of queries containing rank or rownumber or min/max aggregate functions using such a materialized view 有权
标题翻译：包含秩函数的物化视图的增量刷新，以及使用这样的实例化视图重写包含rank或rownumber或min / max聚合函数的查询
公开(公告)号：US07111020B1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-19
申请号：US10107106
申请日：2002-03-26
申请人： Abhinav Gupta , Andrew Witkowski
发明人： Abhinav Gupta , Andrew Witkowski
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30457 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99952
摘要： Techniques are provided for improving efficiency of database systems, and in particular, to refreshing materialized views maintained by database systems and rewriting queries to access the materialized views. According to the approaches, a ranked materialized view is incrementally refreshed, and during the incremental refresh operation, rows in the partitions of the materialized view are ranked within the partitions.
摘要翻译：提供了提高数据库系统效率的技术，特别是刷新由数据库系统维护的物化视图，并重写查询以访问物化视图。根据这些方法，逐步刷新排序的实体化视图，并且在增量刷新操作期间，物化视图的分区中的行被排列在分区内。

3. 发明申请

US20050235004A1 Using estimated cost to schedule an order for refreshing a set of materialized views (MVS) 有权
标题翻译：使用估计成本计划刷新一组物化视图（MVS）的顺序
公开(公告)号：US20050235004A1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-20
申请号：US11084331
申请日：2005-03-18
申请人： Nathaniel Folkert , Abhinav Gupta , Andrew Witkowski
发明人： Nathaniel Folkert , Abhinav Gupta , Andrew Witkowski
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30383 , G06F17/30457
摘要： In an embodiment, estimated costs are used to pick the best refresh technique (e.g., method) for a given MV. In another embodiment, estimated costs are used to schedule the refresh of a set MVs in an order such that overall time to refresh is reduced, or in an order that uses the smallest overall time, for refreshing when compared to other alternative refresh schedules. In another embodiment, the estimated cost of refreshing each of a set of MVs is used to select the set of CPU resources to allocate to refreshing each MV. Based on the estimated costs, the allocation of CPU resources is chosen to be more optimal (e.g., use less CPU time) than other available sets of CPU resources. In an embodiment, when refreshing an MV, delayed index maintenance is chosen if a significant portion of the base table and/or the partitions of the table has changed.
摘要翻译：在一个实施例中，估计成本用于选择给定MV的最佳刷新技术（例如，方法）。在另一个实施例中，使用估计成本来按照这样的顺序调度设置的MV的刷新，使得当与其他备选刷新时间表相比时，总体刷新时间减少或以使用最小总体时间的顺序进行刷新。在另一个实施例中，使用一组MV中的每一个刷新的估计成本来选择要分配以刷新每个MV的CPU资源集合。基于估计的成本，CPU资源的分配被选择为比其他可用的CPU资源集合更优化（例如，使用更少的CPU时间）。在一个实施例中，当刷新MV时，如果基表的重要部分和/或表的分区已经改变，则选择延迟索引维护。

4. 发明申请

US20050039114A1 Spreadsheet to SQL translation 有权
标题翻译：电子表格到SQL翻译
公开(公告)号：US20050039114A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-17
申请号：US10893547
申请日：2004-07-15
申请人： Aman Naimat , Allison Waingold , Martin Roth , Andrew Witkowski
发明人： Aman Naimat , Allison Waingold , Martin Roth , Andrew Witkowski
IPC分类号： G06F17/24 , G06F17/30 , G06F17/21
CPC分类号： G06F17/246 , G06F17/30427 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： Users can create computational models in a spreadsheet application and automatically apply the model to data stored in a relational database. By importing a sample of the data from a database table into the spreadsheet application, users can build spreadsheet models that perform analysis and computations on the sample data. Once the model is complete, the spreadsheet model is translated into an SQL format model understood by the database. The SQL model can operate on the entire data set in the database, rather than just the sample data used to construct the model. The SQL model and its associated data are stored in the database, and the model can be executed on a different sets of data. A web browser based front-end allows model users to access the SQL model via a web browser, eliminating the need for model users to have a spreadsheet application.
摘要翻译：用户可以在电子表格应用程序中创建计算模型，并自动将模型应用于存储在关系数据库中的数据。通过将数据库表中的数据样本导入电子表格应用程序，用户可以构建对样本数据进行分析和计算的电子表格模型。模型完成后，电子表格模型将被转换为数据库了解的SQL格式模型。 SQL模型可以对数据库中的整个数据集进行操作，而不仅仅是用于构建模型的样本数据。 SQL模型及其相关数据存储在数据库中，模型可以在不同的数据集上执行。基于Web浏览器的前端允许模型用户通过Web浏览器访问SQL模型，从而无需模型用户使用电子表格应用程序。

5. 发明授权

US06449606B1 Using a materialized view to process a related query containing an antijoin 有权
标题翻译：使用物化视图来处理包含反汇编的相关查询
公开(公告)号：US06449606B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09221913
申请日：1998-12-28
申请人： Andrew Witkowski
发明人： Andrew Witkowski
IPC分类号： G06F1700
CPC分类号： G06F17/30454 , G06F17/30457 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： A method and apparatus for transforming queries is provided. A select-project-join query Q that specifies an antijoin is rewritten into another query that references the materialized view M. The common section includes the tables being antijoined, and may be one-to-many lossless with respect to the join with the materialized view delta.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于转换查询的方法和装置。指定反连接的选择项目连接查询Q被重写到引用实例化视图M的另一查询中。公共部分包括反连接的表，并且可以是与实体化的连接相关的一对多无损耗查看三角洲。

6. 发明授权

US06125360A Incremental maintenance of materialized views containing one-to-N lossless joins 失效
标题翻译：包含一对N无损连接的物化视图的增量维护
公开(公告)号：US06125360A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US109115
申请日：1998-07-02
申请人： Andrew Witkowski , Karl Dias
发明人： Andrew Witkowski , Karl Dias
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30483 , G06F17/30306 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99936 , Y10S707/99943 , Y10S707/99944
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for performing incremental refreshes to materialized views defined by one-to-N lossless joins. Each base table of the materialized view is selected to be processed as the current "selected table". The processing of the current selected table varies depending on whether the selected table is the right side table of an outer join. If the selected table is not the right table of an outer join, then the selected table is processed by (1) deleting rows from the materialized view based on rows of the selected table that have been updated or deleted in the selected table during the batch window, and (2) inserting rows into the materialized view based on updates and inserts into the selected table that occurred during the batch window. If the selected table is the right table of an outer join, then changes made to the selected table are processed in a way that reduces the number of changes that have to be made to the materialized view. According to one embodiment of the invention, operations performed during the incremental refresh are performed by issuing database statements (e.g. SQL queries) to a database server. The incremental refresh techniques described herein are "memoryless" in that they do not require a record of the sequence of changes that were made during a batch window. Techniques are described for performing the incremental refresh steps through the use of database commands and queries.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法和装置，用于对由一对N无损连接定义的物化视图执行增量刷新。选择物化视图的每个基表作为当前的“选择的表”进行处理。当前所选表的处理取决于所选择的表是外连接的右侧表。如果所选表格不是外连接的右表，则所选表格由（1）根据在批次中所选表中已更新或删除的所选表格的行，从物化视图中删除行进行处理窗口，以及（2）根据在批处理窗口中发生的更新和插入到所选表中，将行插入物化视图。如果所选表格是外连接的右表，则对所选表进行的更改将以减少必须对实例化视图进行的更改次数的方式进行处理。根据本发明的一个实施例，在增量刷新期间执行的操作通过向数据库服务器发布数据库语句（例如，SQL查询）来执行。本文描述的增量刷新技术是“无记忆”，因为它们不需要在批处理窗口期间进行的变化序列的记录。描述了通过使用数据库命令和查询执行增量刷新步骤的技术。

7. 发明申请

US20140280023A1 ADAPTIVE SELECTION OF A DISTRIBUTION METHOD DURING EXECUTION OF PARALLEL JOIN OPERATIONS 有权
标题翻译：并行执行期间自适应选择分配方法
公开(公告)号：US20140280023A1
公开(公告)日：2014-09-18
申请号：US13839399
申请日：2013-03-15
申请人： Unmesh Jagtap , Andrew Witkowski , Mohamed Zait , Allison Waingold Lee , Hari Sankar Sivarama Subramaniyan , Thierry Cruanes
发明人： Unmesh Jagtap , Andrew Witkowski , Mohamed Zait , Allison Waingold Lee , Hari Sankar Sivarama Subramaniyan , Thierry Cruanes
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30466 , G06F17/30498
摘要： A method, system, and computer program product for high-performance database systems. The method commences by estimating, during a compile phase, a statically-calculated system cost of performing parallel join operations over two relations, then selecting, during the compile phase, a first distribution method to perform the parallel join operations. Instructions (e.g., table partitioning) are communicated to two or more execution units for execution of the parallel join operations, and during execution, various measurements are taken pertaining to the performance of a first portion of the parallel join operations using the selected first distribution method. Then, responsive to the measurements a second distribution method is selected and corresponding instructions are communicated to the two or more execution units. The parallel join operations continue, now using the second distribution method.
摘要翻译：用于高性能数据库系统的方法，系统和计算机程序产品。该方法通过在编译阶段估计在两个关系上执行并行连接操作的静态计算的系统成本，然后在编译阶段期间选择执行并行连接操作的第一分发方法来开始。将指令（例如，表分区）传送到两个或更多个执行单元以执行并行连接操作，并且在执行期间，使用所选择的第一分配方法对并行连接操作的第一部分的性能进行各种测量。然后，响应于测量，选择第二分配方法，并将相应的指令传送给两个或更多个执行单元。并行连接操作继续，现在使用第二个分发方法。

8. 发明申请

US20080208822A1 ANALYTIC ENHANCEMENTS TO MODEL CLAUSE IN STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUAGE (SQL) 有权
标题翻译：对结构化查询语言（SQL）中的模型分析的分析增强
公开(公告)号：US20080208822A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-28
申请号：US12113889
申请日：2008-05-01
申请人： Tolga Bozkaya , Andrew Witkowski
发明人： Tolga Bozkaya , Andrew Witkowski
IPC分类号： G06F7/06
CPC分类号： G06F17/30442 , G06F17/3066
摘要： A method for processing queries is provided. A database server receives and executes a query to generate a relation. The query comprises first one or more clauses and a model clause. The model clause comprises a rule that has a left-side expression and a right-side expression. In one embodiment, the right-side expression of the rule includes a window function, which specifies one or more partition columns. In an embodiment, the left-side expression comprises a for-loop predicate. The for-loop predicate is unfolded after the database server compiles the query. In one embodiment, the left-side expression of the rule comprises one or more existential predicates, where each existential predicate evaluates to a Boolean value.
摘要翻译：提供了一种处理查询的方法。数据库服务器接收并执行查询以生成关系。该查询包括第一个或多个子句和一个模型子句。模型子句包含具有左侧表达式和右侧表达式的规则。在一个实施例中，规则的右侧表达包括指定一个或多个分区列的窗口函数。在一个实施例中，左侧表达式包括for循环谓词。在数据库服务器编译查询之后展开for循环谓词。在一个实施例中，规则的左侧表达式包括一个或多个存在谓词，其中每个存在性谓词计算为布尔值。

9. 发明授权

US07299223B2 Spreadsheet to SQL translation 有权
标题翻译：电子表格到SQL翻译
公开(公告)号：US07299223B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-20
申请号：US10893547
申请日：2004-07-15
申请人： Aman Namait , Allison Waingold , Martin Roth , Andrew Witkowski
发明人： Aman Namait , Allison Waingold , Martin Roth , Andrew Witkowski
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/246 , G06F17/30427 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99942
摘要： Users can create computational models in a spreadsheet application and automatically apply the model to data stored in a relational database. By importing a sample of the data from a database table into the spreadsheet application, users can build spreadsheet models that perform analysis and computations on the sample data. Once the model is complete, the spreadsheet model is translated into an SQL format model understood by the database. The SQL model can operate on the entire data set in the database, rather than just the sample data used to construct the model. The SQL model and its associated data are stored in the database, and the model can be executed on a different sets of data. A web browser based front-end allows model users to access the SQL model via a web browser, eliminating the need for model users to have a spreadsheet application.
摘要翻译：用户可以在电子表格应用程序中创建计算模型，并自动将模型应用于存储在关系数据库中的数据。通过将数据库表中的数据样本导入电子表格应用程序，用户可以构建对样本数据进行分析和计算的电子表格模型。模型完成后，电子表格模型将被转换为数据库了解的SQL格式模型。 SQL模型可以对数据库中的整个数据集进行操作，而不仅仅是用于构建模型的样本数据。 SQL模型及其相关数据存储在数据库中，模型可以在不同的数据集上执行。基于Web浏览器的前端允许模型用户通过Web浏览器访问SQL模型，从而无需模型用户使用电子表格应用程序。

10. 发明授权

US07035843B1 Evaluation of database hierarchical cubes by nesting rollup operators associated with multiple groupings 有权
标题翻译：通过嵌套与多个分组关联的汇总运算符来评估数据库分层立方体
公开(公告)号：US07035843B1
公开(公告)日：2006-04-25
申请号：US10077828
申请日：2002-02-15
申请人： Srikanth Bellamkonda , Abhinav Gupta , Andrew Witkowski
发明人： Srikanth Bellamkonda , Abhinav Gupta , Andrew Witkowski
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30592 , G06F17/30489 , Y10S707/99933
摘要： Methods are provided for efficiently evaluating database queries including multiple rollup operators. With the computation of grouping identifiers to distinguish grouping levels of each rollup operator, evaluation of database queries that include concatenation of rollup operators includes nesting of the rollup operators and includes the grouping identifiers as sorting keys for subsequent processing. Furthermore, to optimize the query evaluation process, the order in which the rollup operators are computed can be determined based on cardinalities that estimate the number of records generated by each rollup operator, and parallel evaluation can be utilized by partitioning data records between rollup operator processing stages based on the grouping keys associated with the rollup operators that are not being processed at the next stage. If the query includes an algebraic aggregate function, the algebraic function is represented as distributive functions, which are propagated through the evaluation stages and used to compute the algebraic function at the final rollup stage.
摘要翻译：提供了有效评估数据库查询（包括多个汇总运算符）的方法。通过计算分组标识符以区分每个汇总运算符的分组级别，包括汇总运算符的级联的数据库查询的评估包括汇总运算符的嵌套，并且将分组标识符包括为用于后续处理的排序键。此外，为了优化查询评估过程，可以基于估计每个汇总运算符生成的记录数的基数来确定计算汇总运算符的顺序，并且可以通过在汇总运算符处理之间分割数据记录来利用并行评估基于与在下一阶段未被处理的汇总运算符相关联的分组密钥的阶段。如果查询包含代数聚合函数，则代数函数表示为分布函数，通过评估阶段传播，用于计算最终汇总阶段的代数函数。

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