The present invention provides a hybrid power rail vehicle power supply box and a hybrid power rail vehicle. The hybrid power rail vehicle power supply box includes: a closed box body (10) with a power pack accommodated within the box body (10); a blowing pipe (2) fixedly arranged on one side outside the box body (10), wherein the blowing pipe (2) is provided with an inlet (21) for inflow of a cooling gas and at least one blowing branch pipe (22), and the blowing pipe (2) is communicated with the box body (10) via the blowing branch pipe (22); a discharging pipe (3) fixedly arranged on other side outside the box body (10), wherein, the discharging pipe (3) is provided with an outlet for outflow of the gas having absorbed heat and at least one discharging branch pipe (32), and the blowing pipe (3) is communicated with the box body (10) via the discharging branch pipe (32) at the side facing away from the blowing branch pipe (22). The hybrid power rail vehicle power supply box can utilize the cooling gas in the air conditioning system to effectively cool the power supply box, thus protecting the power pack inside thereof, satisfying outside mounting requirements of the vehicle, and effectively improving the protection level of the power supply box.