The invention discloses a wellhead magnetic type groundwater closed pumping and recharging device, which comprises a casing pipe, an outer valve body, an inner valve body, an upper gland, a lower gland, a water pipe, an aqueduct, an electromagnetic component, a closed ring, an air exhausting and water blocking valve, a check valve, and a submersible pump. According to the wellhead magnetic type groundwater closed pumping and recharging device, only an electromagnet is used for controlling a magnet block to adjust the closed ring up and down and close or open a water outlet hole to realize pumping of groundwater or recharging and replenishing of the groundwater, the wellhead magnetic type groundwater closed pumping and recharging device has the advantages that the principle is simple, electromagnetic regulation is realized, and the cost is saved; at the same time, the wellhead magnetic type groundwater closed pumpingand recharging device is completely closed and sealed during operation,and the groundwater pressuring recharging function can be realized; the wellhead magnetic type groundwater closed pumping and recharging device is small in overall design volume and placed above a wellhead, device maintenance is facilitated, and the service life of the wellhead magnetic type groundwater closed pumping and recharging device is prolonged; automatic air exhausting and sealing of airinside a deep well in the non-operating mode can be realized by using the air exhausting and water blocking valve; the wellhead magnetic type groundwater closed pumping and recharging device is suitable for recharging of a ground source heat pump system and water source recharging of a groundwater overdraft area, especially suitable for the recharging and exploitation of medium-deep groundwater,and has good application prospects.