The invention relates to a self-propelled single-track mountainous area conveyor. The self-propelled single-track mountainous area conveyor comprises a conveyor head and a trailer mechanism, wherein the conveyor head comprises a running device and a driving device, the trailer mechanism is arranged on a toothed single track and is connected behind the running device, the driving device is used fordriving the trailer mechanism to move on the toothed single track by driving the running device to move along the toothed single track, the driving device comprises a rack, an engine, a transmissionmechanism, a speed reducer and a braking mechanism, the engine is used for driving the speed reducer through the transmission mechanism, the speed reducer is used for changing the motion direction orthe motion state of the driving device, and the braking mechanism is used for braking the running device or releasing the brake on the running device. According to the self-propelled single-track mountainous area conveyor, the structure is simple, the weight is light, the mechanization of the mountainous area conveyor can be realized, the labor intensity of fruit farmers is reduced, the economic benefits are improved, the braking operation is convenient, the safety is good, the speed reducer can conveniently carry out gear switching, the size is small, and the occupied space is small.