The invention discloses a switch optimization mapping method based on load balancing and reconfiguration. The mapping method is suitable for virtual network mapping under a single link fault in a power distribution network communication network. The method comprises the steps that 1, according to a preset geographic range, the physical network state of a communication node in a power distributionnetwork communication network is acquired, the communication node with the physical network state larger than or equal to a preset threshold value in the communication nodes is selected and recorded as an alternative node, and the physical network state comprises the remaining node capacity and remaining link bandwidth resources; and step 2, virtual link mapping of the power distribution network communication network is generated by using the mapping objective function according to a preset limiting condition and the alternative nodes, the virtual link mapping comprising a working path and a backup path. According to the technical scheme, the unique characteristic of backup resources is fully utilized, the resource utilization efficiency of the physical network is improved, and the overallacceptance rate of the survivable virtual mapping network is increased.