The invention provides a method for measuring swelling amounts at different depths in the water encountering process of swelling soil, and belongs to the technical field of foundation engineering. Themethod includes the following steps that (1), different points are selected within the range of a to-be-measured site, and holes at different depths are drilled; (2), a single-point settlement meteris buried in each hole, and the single-point settlement meters are connected with a data acquisition system; (3), the initial reading h2 of each single-point settlement meter is acquired, and the topelevation initial value h1i of each single-point settlement meter is measured; (4), water soaking is carried out, and the data acquisition system is adopted for monitoring the swelling amounts of theswelling soil in the water soaking process; (5), after water soaking is stable, the terminal reading h3 of each single-point settlement meter is acquired, and the top elevation final value h1t of eachsingle-point settlement meter is measured; (6), testing is over. By means of the method, engineering practice of infrastructure on a transmission line swelling soil foundation can be better guided, and the method is simple, easy to carry out, accurate in measurement, economical and reliable.