The invention discloses an overall structure of a railway cold chain logistics pipeline system. Railway cold chain logistics collection and distribution bases and/or the upstream and downstream sidesare connected through cold chain conveying pipelines; the railway cold chain logistics pipeline system further comprises three-hole steering bases and four-hole steering bases which are distributed atthe reversing joints of the cold chain conveying pipelines; the three-hole steering bases and the four-hole steering bases are provided with a corresponding quantity of holes facing different directions in the circumferential direction, and the holes are in seamless butt-joint connection with different branches of the cold chain conveying pipelines; the three-hole steering bases and the four-holesteering bases are each provided with a steering platform; each steering platform comprises a cargo storing bin and a monitoring device; and one end of each cargo storing bin serves as an outlet andinlet end, the other end of each cargo storing bin serves as a stopping and transmitting end, and the steering platforms are configured to be capable of rotatably switching, receiving and transmittingcold chain unit load devices among the different holes. Therefore, route planning of the different cold chain unit load devices is achieved through coordination and control of the cold chain unit load devices, and collision among the cold chain unit load devices is prevented.